KSEEB Solutions For Class 8 Social Science Sociology Chapter 1 Introduction To Sociology

KSEEB Solutions Class 8 Sociology Chapter 1 Introduction To Sociology Points To Remember

Social living is necessary for well-being and growth. Hence, human society is called a web of social relationships. The word Sociology originates from two words:’Socius’ in Latin language and ‘Logos’ in the Greek language. ‘Socius’ means ‘companion’ and ‘logos’ means science or study. Thus, Sociology is the science of human society. Auguste Comte: “Sociology is the science of social phenomena subject to the natural and invariable laws, the discovery of which is the object of investigation”.

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Max Weber: “Sociology is the study of Social Behaviour”
Emile Durkheim: “Sociology is the science of social institutions”.
The intellectual stimulation provided by social and religious reform movements, the renaissance, and other movements of the 16th and 18th resulted in the ‘Origin of Sociology’.
August Comte is an important French philosopher. He is the first Social Philosopher. He is called ‘the father of Sociology’.
Auguste Comte used the word “Sociology’ for the first time while delivering a public lecture on ‘Positive Philosophy.
Karl Marx is an important social thinker of world repute of the 19th century C.E. He was a political revolutionary, a clever organizer, and a sensitive writer. Karl Marx is called the founder of the ‘Class Struggle theory’.
Emile Durkheim proved that Sociology is at par with any other science with his scientific writings. While August Comte is called the ‘father of
Sociology, Durkheim is called the ‘father of the development of Sociology’.
Max Weber had an interest in law, economics, religion, art, history, and sociology. Ambedkar was the first to prove that all sorts of exploitation of Dalits can be overcome by education.
Ambedkar argued in favor of compulsory and free education for all. He argued that education should remain as public property as it has the capacity to bring in social changes.
After receiving his Ph.D. from Cambridge University, London, Ghurye returned to India and started his teaching career at the department of Sociology at Bombay University which he founded.
Indian sociologist. He popularized field-based sociological studies in India.
As he was following the Marxist Ideology in his sociological studies, he was identified as a ‘Marxist Sociologist’. His ‘The Sociological Background of Indian Nationalism’ work is the best work. Indian Rural Sociology, Slums, and Urbanisation are his major works.

Class 8 Sociology Introduction To Sociology KSEEB Notes 

KSEEB Solutions For Class 8 Sociology Chapter 1 PDF

Introduction To Sociology Exercises

Fill in the blanks:

1. Man is a Social being.
2. ‘Logos’ means science or study.
3. The Father of Sociology is August Comte.
4. Karl Marx is called the advocate of ‘Conflict Theory
5. Annihilation of caste was written by Dr. B.R.Ambedkar

Introduction To Sociology Answer the following sentences:

Question 1. Who is called the Father of Sociology?
Answer: The Father of Sociology is August Comte.

Question 2.Describe the nature of Sociology
Answer: Sociology has a unique place among all the social sciences. It is different from other social sciences due to its unique nature. Sociology is considered an independent and separate field of study.

Question 3. What is Sociology?
Answer: “Sociology is the science of social phenomena subject to the natural and invariable laws, the discovery of which is the object of investigation”.

Question 4. Name the important early Sociologists.
Answer: August Comte, Max Weber, Max Weber, and Emile Durkheim

Question 5. Name the important Indian Sociologists.
Answer: DrB.R. Ambedkar, GS Ghruye, M.N.Srinivas, C.Parvathamma, and A.R.Desai

Introduction To Sociology Answer the following in four or five sentences:

Question 1. Human beings are social beings. Explain.
Answer: There is no society without individuals and there is no individual without society. If one thinks generally, about whether an individual can live alone on Earth, the answer is NO. Since a human being is a social being, he always longs to live with another human being. Social living is necessary for well-being and growth. Hence, human society is called a web of social relationships.

Question 2. Explain the relationship between Sociology and History.
Answer: Sociology and History are interrelated. History is the recreation of the life of a past society. Sociology is the recreation of contemporary society. Sociology supports historians by providing scientific knowledge of various social institutions and their roles and functions.

KSEEB Class 8 Social Science Sociology Chapter 1 Exercise Answers

Question 3. What does Sociology study?
Answer: Sociology studies human society. It studies human social life, social relationships, social institutions, and social process.

Question 4. What books were written by Karl Marx?
Answer: Das Capital -1865, The Holy Family, the German Ideology-1845, The Manifesto of the Communist Party -1848, and others were written by Karl Marx.

Question 5. Write a note on Ambedkar’s early life.
Answer: B.R. Ambedkar was born in Ambawade village of Maharashtra on April 14, 1891. He lost his mother at the age of six and grew up under the care of his aunt Meerabai and started his primary education at Satara. Ambedkar joined the popular Elphinstone High School of Mumbai and passed matriculation with first class in 1907. He married Ramabai. With the help of a scholarship awarded by Maharaja of rupees twenty-five, Ambedkar earned his B. A and M.A. degrees. He received his Ph.D. from Columbia University in 1916.

Question 6. Write a note on a prominent sociologist from Karnataka C.Parvathamma.
Answer: Parvathamma completed her intermediate education in the Arts stream with a second class. She later joined BA honors in Social Philosophy at Maharaja College, Mysore. She earned the first rank in BA honors. She sustained her entire education on scholarships. A professor guided her to continue his education at a foreign university. C.Parvathamma returned to Karnataka after completing higher education at a foreign university. She made genuine attempts to spread the learning of Sociology across Karnataka proving her commitment and sense of social concern. Her major contributions are Politics and Religion, “Sociological Essays on Veerashaivism, and her studies on the socio-economic status of Scheduled Castes and Tribes.

Question 7. Write a note on noted Indian Sociologist M.N.Srinivas.
Answer: M.N.Srinivas is an internationally renowned Indian sociologist. He popularized field-based sociological studies in India. While he was studying at Stanford University, his field study notes were lost in arson due to the agitation of the students. Based on his memory of the fieldwork done, he wrote ‘A Remembered Village’ in 1976. This has received universal acclaim and has been republished many times. Under the guidance of his teacher Radcliffe Brown, he wrote a book titled “The Religion and Society of Kodavas of South India” in 1952.

Introduction To Sociology Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and Write the complete answer Along with its alphabet in the sheet provided:

Question 1. The word Sociology originates from two words of

1. Latin and Greek
2. English and Sanskrit
3. Latin and Sanskrit
4. English and Greek

Answer: 1. Latin and Greek

Question 2. The Latin word ‘Socius’ means

1. Science
2. Companion
3. Study
4. Social

Answer: 2. Companionship

Question 3. Greek word ‘Logos’ means

1. Companion
2. Science
3. Society
4. Social

Answer: 2. Science

KSEEB Class 8 Sociology Chapter 1 Summary And Notes

Question 4.“Sociology is the science of social institutions” This is stated by

1. Max Weber
2. Emile Durkheim
3. August Comte
4. Karl Marx

Answer: 2. EmileDurkheim

Question 5. “Sociology is the science of social institutions” This is stated by and Society of Kodavas of South India” is

1. Max Weber
2. Emile Durkheim
3. August Comte
4. Karl Marx

Answer: 2. Emile Durkheim

Question 6. The first Social Philosopher is 14. Iravati Karve was the student of

1. August Comte
2. Emile Durkheim
3. Max Weber
4. GS Ghruye

Answer: 1. August Comte

Question 7.‘The father of sociology is

1. GS Ghruye
2. Emile Durkheim
3. Max Weber
4. August Comte

Answer: 4. August Comte

Question 8. The word “Sociology’ was used in a public lecture for the first time by

1. August Comte
2. Emile Durkheim
3. Max Weber
4. GS Ghruye

Answer: 1. August Comte

KSEEB Class 8 Sociology Chapter 1 Introduction To Sociology Question Answers

Question 9. Karl Marx is called the founder of

1. ‘Social Struggle Theory’
2. ‘Social Contract Theory
3. ‘Class Struggle Theory’
4. ‘Political Class Theory’

Answer: 3. ‘Class Struggle Theory’

Question 10. The father of the development of Sociology is

1. August Comte
2. Emile Durkheim
3. Max Weber
4. GS Ghruye

Answer: 2. Emile Durkheim

Question 11. The sociologist who popularised the ‘field-based sociological studies’ in India is

1. M.N.Srinivas
2. G. S. Ghurye
3. Dr. B. RAmbedkar
4. C. Parvathamma

Answer: 1. M.N.Srinivas

Question 12. The author of A Remembered Village is

1. M.N.Srinivas
2. G S. Ghurye
3. Dr. B. R Ambedkar
4. C. Parvathamma

Answer: 1. M.N.Srinivas

Question 13. The author wrote a book titled “The Religion and Society of Kodavas of South India” which is

1. M.N.Srinivas
2. G S. Ghurye
3. Dr. B. R Ambedkar
4. C. Parvathamma

Answer: 1. M.N.Srinivas

Class 8 Sociology Chapter 1 Introduction To Sociology KSEEB

Question 14.Iravati Karve was the student of

1. G.S.Gurye
2. M.N.Srinivas
3. Dr.B.R.Ambedkar
4. C.Parvathamma

Answer: 1.G.S.Gurye

Question 15. The sociologist who was identified as a ‘Marxist Sociologist’

1. GS.Gurye
2. M.N.Srinivas
3. A.R.Desai
4. C. Parvathamma

Answer: 3. A.R.Desai

Introduction To Sociology Answer the following questions in a sentence or two sentences each:

Question 1. Who was the first to prove that all sorts of exploitation of Dalits can be overcome by education?
Answer: Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was the first to prove that all sorts of exploitation of Dalits can be overcome by education.

Question 2. What did Emile Durkheim prove regarding sociology?
Answer: Emile Durkheim proved that Sociology is at par with any other science with his scientific writings.

Question 3. What is sociology according to August Comte?
Answer:
Auguste Comte:- “Sociology is the science of social phenomena subject to the natural and invariable laws, the discovery of which is the object of investigation”.

Question 4. Who played an important role in the establishment of departments of Sociology in Indian universities?
Answer: Ghurye played an important role in the establishment of departments of Sociology in Indian universities.

Introduction To Sociology Answer the following questions in four or five sentences:

Question 1. Human beings are different from other animals, Justify.
Answer: Human Beings have always tried to understand the environment, nature, and the self-created social world since ages deeply and accurately. Human beings are different from other animals and are ‘intellectual beings’. There are a lot of differences between animals and human beings. Apparent differences in body structure and rate of growth, food consumption, creativity, and evolution in the brain can be noticed.

Question 2. The relationship between the individual and society is unique. Justify.
Answer: There is no society without individuals and there is no individual without society. If one thinks generally, about whether an individual can live alone on Earth, the answer is NO. Since a human being is a social being, he always longs to live with other human beings. Social living is necessary for well-being and growth. Hence, human society is called a web of social relationships.

Question 3. Human society is called a web of social relationships. Why?
Answer: Since a human being is a social being, he always longs to live with other human beings. Social living is necessary for well-being and growth. Hence, human society is called a web of social relationships.

KSEEB Class 8 Sociology Chapter 1 Important Questions

Question 4. Explain the origin of Sociology
Answer: The beginning of Sociology as an independent and separate field of Science was during the middle of the nineteenth century. It became a specific science in the later fifty years. Though other social sciences like History, Political Science, Economics, Psychology, and others have a long history, they were recognized as ‘Social Sciences’ during the 18th and 19th centuries. This was due to the ‘Industrial’ and ‘French’ revolutions. The intellectual stimulation provided by social and religious reform movements, the renaissance, and other movements of the 16th and 18th resulted in the ‘Origin of Sociology’.

Question 5. Explain the scope of Sociology.
Answer: Sociology studies human society. It studies human social life, social relationships, social institutions, and social process.

Question 6. What are the features of Sociology?
Answer:

1. Sociology is a social science and not a physical science
2. Sociology is a definitive study but not a directive study
3. Sociology is a pure science and not an applied science
4. Sociology is an intangible science and not a tangible science
5. Sociology is a general science and not a special science

Question 7. Sociology is a social science and not a physical science. Justify.
Answer: Sociology belongs to the group of social sciences and not to the group of physical sciences. It studies the social life and activities of human society. It also has a close relationship with other social sciences like History, Political Science, Economics, Psychology, and Anthropology.

Question 8. Sociology is a definitive study but not a directive study. Justify.
Answer: Sociology studies human society as it is. It never engages in How it should be studied. It does not engage in value judgments. It aims at objective study only. Sociology remains ‘neutral’ in value-based aspects.

Question 9. Sociology is a pure science and not an applied science. Justify.
Answer: Sociology is interested in an objective study that results in the formation of empirical body knowledge only. It is not an applied science that is interested in experiments.

Question 10. Sociology is an intangible science and not a tangible science. Why?
Answer: Sociology is not interested in some of the tangible aspects of human life. It has an interest in the form and pattern of human events. It has no interest in any specific battle or revolution like History. It considers these events as patterns and forms of Social conflict and subjects them to a scientific study.

Question 11. Sociology is a general science and not a special science. Why?
Answer: Among all the social sciences, only Sociology studies the general interactions involving human beings like religion, politics, and economy, as moral and intellectual aspects. It has a wider scope than other social sciences.

Question 12. Mention the importance of Sociology.
Answer: Sociology studies human society scientifically Supplements personality development Aids in understanding social problems and their solutions. Understanding Social Processes Sociology supports the effective implementation of development programs.

Question 13. Explain the relationship between Sociology and Political Science.
Answer: Political Science studies the interactions between political institutions, the political life of human beings,s and the political institutions of human society. Sociology studies the various social institutions like social groups and social institutions that function within the political structure.

Question 14.Explain the relationship between Sociology and Anthropology
Answer: The relationship between Sociology and Anthropology is widely recognized. The culture and social path of human beings and their history are studied by Anthropology. Sociology grows independently by studying social life holistically. It provides an objective analysis of the various social institutions.

KSEEB Solutions Class 8 Sociology Chapter 1 Notes

Question 15. Explain the relationship between Sociology and Psychology.
Answer: Sociology and Psychology are complementary to each other. Psychology studies the behavioral aspects of human beings from psychological perspectives. Sociology seeks to study the social behavior, social interactions, and functions of social institutions.

Question 16.Explain the relationship between Sociology and Economics
Answer: Economics studies the economical activities of human beings. Sociology seeks to understand the interaction between the economical and social activities of human beings. It also probes how human behavior forms economic activities.

Question 17. What are the major contributions of August Comte?
Answer: The major contributions are Positive Philosophy-1839, Positive Polity -1851, and Human Religion-1857. August Comte who wrote many other important books on Sociology died on September 05, 1857, at the age of 59 years

Question 18. What are the major contributions of Karl Marx?
Answer: The major contributions: Das Capital -1865, The Holy Family, the German Ideology-1845, The Manifesto of the Communist Party -1848, and others. Karl Marx died on March 14, 1883. Even after a century after his death, theories advocated by Marx have remained relevant.

Question 19. Which are the contributions of Durkheim to Sociology?
Answer: The major contributions of Durkheim are The Division of Labour in Society — 1893, Suicide— 1897, The Rules of Sociological Method—1895, The Elementary Reforms of Religious Life —1912, and others. He died at the age of fifty-nine.

Question 20. Explain the contribution of Ambedkar to the field of Sociology.
Answer: He started a fortnightly magazine named ‘MOOKANAYAKA’. His major works are Annihilation of caste -1936, Who Are Shudras- 1946, Budha and his Dhamma-1957, and others. All his writings are published in 26 volumes by the Government of Karnataka in Kannada. Dr B.R.Ambedkar died on December 06, 1956.

Question 21. What are the major contributions of Ghurye?
Answer: After receiving his Ph.D. from Cambridge University, London, Ghurye returned to India and started his teaching career at the department of Sociology at Bombay University where he founded. Caste and Race in India -1932, Scheduled Tribes -1943, Indian Saints-1953 and many other books are written by him.