KSEEB Solutions Class 8 Political Science Chapter 2 Public Administration Points To Remember
Public Administration as a subject evolved in the United States of America. The past President of the USA, Woodrow Wilson is called the ‘Father of Public Administration. Public Administration is a specific field of study. The word ‘Public’ denotes Government. Alexander Hamilton used the word ‘Public Administration’ for the first time in 1812. The following are the definitions of ‘Public Administration’:
Read and Learn More KSEEB Solutions for Class 8 Social Science
According to Woodrow Wilson, “The holistic and orderly implementation of the law is Public Administration.”
According to Pifnar, “The consolidation of community initiatives in implementing public policies is Public Administration.”
According to Luther Gulick, “Public Administration is related to the executive of the government”.
The life cycle of human beings depends on Public Administration. It is the heart of a state.
There is no state without Public Administration. Hence, the modern state is called an ‘Administrative State’.
Woodrow Wilson and L.D. White argue that Public Administration has a wide scope.
Public Administration includes all three pillars of administration Legislature, Judiciary, and Executive.
According to Luther Gulick and Simon, Public Administration has a narrow scope. According to them, ‘Public Administration’s scope is limited to the executive activities of the government”.
Luther Gulick explains the scope of Public Administration through English letters: POSD CORB. Each letter explains the function of Public Administration.
- P-Planning.
- O-Organization
- S-Staffing
- D-Direction
- Co-Coordination
- R-Reporting
- B-Budgeting
The process of searching for eligible candidates for the civil services and motivating them to compete for the civil services is called Recruitment.
Recruitment has a prominent role in staff administration. According to O.G. Stall, “Recruitment is the base of staff structure”.
According to Staff Administration experts, there are two types of recruitment:
- Direct Recruitment (External Recruitment)
- Internal Recruitment (Recruitment by promotion)
Kseeb Class 8 Social Science Political Science Chapter 2 Exercise Answers
Recruiting eligible candidates through competitive examinations in a fixed pattern is called Direct Recruitment.
Selecting eligible in-service personnel for higher positions is called Internal Recruitment.
A training that aims at providing general awareness is called background training.
Example: Training provided by Mysuru Administrative Training Institute.
According to Article 315 of the constitution, there should be a separate public service commission for the center and the state. Two or three states can have a Joint Public Service Commission also.
The commission functions under article 320 of the constitution. The commission conducts exams for civil service, technical service, Forest Service, and defense services at a national level. They are conducted at three levels:
- Preliminary examination.
- Main examination.
- Personality Test.
“Karnataka Public Service Commission was established on 18-05-1951. The commission has one chairman and nine members. They are appointed by the Governor.
According to Article 77(3) of the Constitution, the President of India has the power to frame rules to facilitate the smooth and efficient functioning of the central government, in assigning portfolios for the ministers.
The Chief Secretary is the administrative head of the state Secretariat. The Secretary would be the head of one or two departments. The secretaries are usually from the IAS cadre.
The maintenance of ‘Law’ and ‘Order’ are the two faces of the same coin. Under the 7th schedule of the constitution, the law and order are included under the state subject.
As per article 355, the Central government has to protect the states from external aggression.
As per article 356, whenever there is a constitutional failure of state government takes place, it should enforce emergency or presidential rule in the state.
The Police department comes under the Home Ministry. The Home Minister has the responsibility of the police force. The Home Ministry is headed by a Secretary who would be from the IAS cadre. The secretary aids the home minister in his day-to-day administration.
Public Administration Exercises
Fill in the blanks:
- The father of Public Administration is Woodrow Wilson.
- The word Public Administration is used for the first time by Alexander Hamilton.
- The members. of the Union Public Service Commission are appointed by The President.
- 315 article of the constitution discusses the state public service commission
- The Head of the state secretariat is The Chief Secretary (IAS cadre).
Discuss the following in groups and answer:
Question 1. Public Administration is today’s need. Discuss.
Answer:
Public Administration is the Pillar of the Government.
It serves various functions in the interest of the public
Implementation of Laws and Policies
Necessary to protect Social Security
Support Legislature and Executive
Kseeb Class 8 Political Science Chapter 2 Summary And Notes
Question 2. Public Administration is spread across the birth and death of an individual. Prove it.
Answer: Public Administration caters to a human being beginning from his womb to the tomb. It maintains civil order and peace by protecting the life and property of citizens. It takes care of providing basic facilities, education, and employment opportunities, protects the state, and ensures economic equality.
Question 3. Explain the Recruitment process.
Answer:
According to Staff Administration experts, there are two types of recruitment:
- Direct Recruitment (External Recruitment)
- Internal Recruitment (Recruitment by promotion)
Direct Recruitment: Direct Recruitment is the most popular and scientific method of recruitment. Recruiting eligible candidates through competitive examinations in a fixed pattern is called Direct Recruitment. The candidates need to have some general qualifications and specific qualifications to enter into the service through direct recruitment.
Internal Recruitment: Selecting eligible in-service personnel for higher positions is called Internal Recruitment. Most countries have adopted this method. India too has adopted this method of recruitment.
Question 4. What are the different types of training?
Answer:
Formal and Informal Training
Pre-Service and Post-Beginning of Service
The short-term and Long term training
Departmental and Central institutes’ training
Skill training and Background training
Kseeb Class 8 Political Science Chapter 2 Public Administration Question Answers
Question 5. How is the Central Secretariat formed?
Answer: The Central Secretariat is a mix of various ministries and departments. The main responsibility of the Secretariat is to aid the ministers, who are the political heads, in running the administration. It has the Chief Secretary as the administrative head and the Prime Minister as the political head. According to Article 77(3) of the Constitution, the President of India has the power to frame rules to facilitate the smooth and efficient functioning of the central government, in assigning portfolios for the ministers.
Question 6. What is the role of the state in law and order? Explain.
Answer: In order to ensure peace in the country, the maintenance of law and order is important. The maintenance of ‘Law’ and ‘Order’ are the two faces of the same coin. Under the 7th schedule of the constitution, the law and order are included under the state subject. Hence, it is the duty of the state government to maintain law and order. The Central Government has the constitutional right to advise the state governments on the issues pertaining to law and order.
Public Administration Additional Questions And Answers
Choose the correct alternative and Write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the sheet provided:
Question 1. Public Administration as a subject evolved in
- United States of America
- United Kingdom
- India
- China
Answer: United States of America
Question 2. The ‘Father of Public Administration is
- Woodrow Wilson
- Alexander Hamilton
- Luther Gulick
- George Washington
Answer: 1. Woodrow Wilson
Question 3. In Political Science, the word ‘Public’ denotes
- People
- Government
- State
- Constitution
Answer: 2. Government
Class 8 Political Science Chapter 2 Public Administration Kseeb
Question 4. Karnataka Public Service Commission was established in the year
- 1951
- 1952
- 1966
- 1955
Answer: 1. 1951
Question 5. The chairman and members of the State Public Service Commission were the
- Governor
- President
- Vice President
- Chief Minister
Answer: 1. Governor
Question 6. The chairman and members of the Union Public Service Commission were the
- Governor
- President
- Vice President
- Prime Minister
Answer: 2. President
Question 7. The Public Service Commission functions under the article
- 320
- 325
- 344
- 323
Answer: 1. 320
Question 8. The secretaries are usually from the
- IAS cadre
- IPS cadre
- IFS cadre
- IRS cadre
Answer: 1. IAS cadre
Kseeb Class 8 Political Science Chapter 2 Important Questions
Question 9. The maintenance of which among the following are the two faces of the same coin.
- ‘Law’ and ‘Order’
- ‘Law’ and ‘Administration’
- ‘Rules’ and ‘Regulation’
- ‘Democracy and ‘Capitalism’
Answer: 1. ‘Law’ and ‘Order’
Fill in the blanks with a suitable answer:
- Alexander Hamilton used the word ‘Public Administration’ in 1812.
- The life cycle of human beings depends on Public Administration.
- The main office of Karnataka Public Service Commission is in Bengaluru
- The administrative head of the Central Secretariat is Chief Secretary
- The political head of the Central Secretariat is Prime Minister
- The Police department comes under the Home Ministry.
Answer the following questions in a sentence each:
Question 1. What is Public administration according to Woodrow Wilson?
Answer: According to Woodrow Wilson, “The holistic and orderly implementation of the law is Public Administration.”
Question 2. What is Public administration according to Pifnar?
Answer: According to Pifnar, “The consolidation of community initiatives in implementing public policies is Public Administration.”
Question 3. What is Public administration according to Luther Gulick?
Answer: According to Luther Gulick, “Public Administration is related to the executive of the government”.
Class 8 Political Science Chapter 2 Guide On Public Administration KSEEB
Question 4. A modern state is called an ‘Administrative State’. Why?
Answer: There is no state without Public Administration. Hence, the modern state is called an ‘Administrative State’.
Question 5.“Without Administration, a government is only a meaningless chatter”. Why?
Answer: An administrative structure is needed for the implementation of public policy. Hence Paul Applebee opines, “Without Administration, a government is only a meaningless chatter”.
Kseeb Solutions Class 8 Political Science Chapter 2 Notes
Question 6. What is Recruitment?
Answer: The process of searching for eligible candidates for the civil services and motivating them to compete for the civil services is called Recruitment.
Question 7. What is Recruitment according to O.G Stall?
Answer: According to O.G. Stall, “Recruitment is the base of staff structure”.
Question 8. Mention the two types of recruitment.
Answer:
- Direct Recruitment (External Recruitment)
- Internal Recruitment (Recruitment by promotion)
Question 9. What is Direct Recruitment?
Answer: Recruiting eligible candidates through competitive examinations in a fixed pattern is called Direct Recruitment.
Question 10. What is called as Internal Recruitment?
Answer: Selecting eligible in-service personnel for higher positions is called Internal Recruitment.
Question 11. Which Article of the constitution provides provision for Public Service Commission?
Answer: Article 315 provides provision for Public Service Commission.
Question 12. Which are the three levels of exams conducted by the Public Service commission?
Answer:
- Preliminary examination.
- Main examination.
- Personality Test
Question 13. Why is the Central Secretariat established?
Answer: The main responsibility of the Secretariat is to aid the ministers, who are the political heads, in running the administration.
Public Administration Answer the following questions in a sentence each:
Question 1. Public Administration has become more important in modern society. Why?
Answer: Public Administration has become more important as modern society is undergoing complex and swift changes. The contribution of Public Administration to society is increasing day by day. Hence, Public Administration plays an important role in forming human society as a civic society.
Question 2. Public Administration caters to a human being beginning from his womb to his tomb. Justify.
Answer: Public Administration caters to a human being beginning from his womb to the tomb. It maintains civil order and peace by protecting the life and property of citizens. It takes care of providing basic facilities, education, and employment opportunities, protects the state, and ensures economic equality. It provides numerous services like this.
Question 3. How does the Public Administration regulate the activities of people?
Answer: Public Administration regulates the activities of people by implementing laws and policies. If the Public Administration does not function well, the policies remain only on paper.
Question 4. How does the public administration support Legislature and Executive?
Answer: Public Administration aids the implementation of policies formed by the legislature. It also provides inputs in the form of statistics and suggestions for the formulation of policies by the governments.
Question 5. Explain the scope of Public Administration.
Answer: There is disagreement among the thinkers with regard to the scope of Public Administration. Experts like Woodrow Wilson and L.D. White argue that Public Administration has a wide scope. Public Administration includes all three pillars of administration: Legislature, Judiciary, and Executive.
Kseeb Solutions For Class 8 Political Science Chapter 2 Pdf
Question 6. Explain the scope of Public administration according to Luther Gulick and Simon.
Answer: According to Luther Gulick and Simon, Public Administration has a narrow scope. According to them, ‘Public Administration’s scope is limited to the executive activities of the government”.
Question 7. Write the expanded form of POSD CORB.
Answer:
- P-Planning
- O-Organization
- S-Staffing
- D-Direction
- Co-Coordination
- R-Reporting
- B-Budgeting
Question 8. An efficient administration is based on an efficient recruitment process. Justify.
Answer: An efficient administration is based on an efficient recruitment process. If an efficient, honest and eligible person is selected for civil service, the person delivers good public service through his creativity, intelligence, and positive behavior. If the recruitment process is more scientific and efficient, Public Administration becomes more efficient by having efficient civil servants.
Question 9. Differentiate between the Formal and Informal Training.
Answer:
Formal training is training that is received by the employee and is carefully planned in advance. This is training is provided under the supervision of experts.
Informal training means the training that an employee gains while doing his duty. An employee receives this training during the day-to-day execution of his duties.
Question 10. Differentiate between Pre-Service and Post-Beginning of Service training.
Answer:
Pre-service training prepares future employees for civil services.
Post-beginning of service training is provided to those who have been selected for specific posts.
This training aims at imparting better skills and efficiency.
Question 11.Differentiate between the Short term and Long term training
Answer: Short-term training is of four to six-week duration. For example, the doctors selected through public service Commissions, undergo six-week training. The long-term training is continuous in nature and its duration would be one to two years. The training given to candidates selected for all India services is an example of this type of training.
Question 12.Differentiate between the Departmental and Central institutes’ training
Answer: The training provided by a specific department for the candidates selected for it is called Departmental Training. Example: Police personnel training, Training provided by a central government institution is called Central Institutes’ training.
Example: the training provided by Lal Bahadur Shastri National Administrative Institute in Missouri.
Question 13.Differentiate between Skill training and Background training
Answer: Training aiming at increasing the skills of the personnel is called Skill training.
Example: the compulsory B.Ed training for high school teachers.
A training that aims at providing general awareness is called background training.
Example: Training provided by Mysuru’s Administrative Training Institute.
Important Questions For KSEEB Class 8 Political Science Chapter 2
Question 14. What are the functions of the Public Service commission?
Answer:
Conducting exams for the recruitment of Group A and B officers of the central government.
Conducting interviews for direct recruitment
Advising the central government on issues related to promotion and transfer.
Advising government on initiation of disciplinary actions against erring government employees.
On the direction of the President, advising the government on any needed issue.
Question 15. Which are the exams conducted by the Public Service commission?
Answer: The commission conducts exams for civil service, technical service, Forest Service, and defense services at the national level. In these, exams conducted for civil service are more prominent. I.A.S (Indian Administrative Services), I. P.S (Indian Police Service), I.F.S (Indian Foreign Service), I.R.S (Indian Revenue Service), and I.A.A.S (Indian Accounting and Auditing Service) exams are some of the important exams.
Question 16. What are the functions of the Karnataka Public Service Commission?
Answer:
Appointing the gazetted and non-gazetted officers of the state government
Conducting interviews for direct recruitment candidates.
Conducting departmental exams for state government employees
Advising government on initiating disciplinary measures against erring officials.
Coordinating various exams conducted by the Union Public Service Commission in the state.
Question 17. Write the hierarchy of the Secretariat.
Answer:
The hierarchy of the Secretariat is as follows:
Department Principal Secretary/Secretary/ Additional Secretary /Special Secretary.
Wing — Joint / Additional Secretary.
Division —Director/ Deputy Secretary.
Branch—Under Secretary.
Section — Section Officer.
Question 18. Explain the role and functions of the Central Secretariat.
Answer:
The role and functions of the Central Secretariat :
Secretariat is an organization that aids the government in fulfilling its aims. It advises the minister in framing policies.
Secretariat aids the minister in performing his legislative duties.
Secretariat frames the regulations of administration.
Secretariat analyses the problems carefully.
Prepares the Budget by keeping a close relationship with the finance department.
Secretariat works as the bridge between the central government and the state governments.
Solutions For Public Administration KSEEB Class 8 Political Science
Question 19. Mention the functions of the State Secretariat.
Answer:
The State Secretariat is an advisory body, and functions as follows:
It is the apex body of state government and administration.
It aids the policy-making on all the issues related to the state.
It functions as the advisory expert committee to the state government.
It facilitates internal harmony among the various departments
It consolidates the various policies and programs of the government.
It advises the minister in formulating drafts of the bills and supports the formulation of rules and regulations related to financial discipline.
It prepares the budget and controls public spending.
The State Secretariat is ‘the Centre of political and administrative functions of the state.
Question 20. What is the relationship between the State and the Centre regarding the maintenance of law and order?
Answer: The role of the Central Government in maintaining law and order is explained in various articles of the constitution. As per article 355, the Central government has to protect the states from external aggression. As per article 356, whenever there is a constitutional failure of state government takes place, it should enforce emergency or presidential rule in the state. The primary role of the state governments is to ensure law and order in the state. In order to fulfill this duty, state governments have a police force that will have adequate training and functions.