KSEEB Solutions For Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 4 Ancient Civilizations Of The World

KSEEB Solutions Class 8 History Chapter 4 Ancient Civilizations Of The World Points To Remember

• The Egyptian, Mesopotamian, and Chinese civilizations are the contemporary to Indus Valley Civilization.
• Huge pyramids, sculptures, temples, and inscriptions tell us a lot about Egyptian culture and history.
• The Egyptians had mastered the art of writing which was a symbolic language and consists of small drawings and lias been called hieroglyphics (sacred writings).
• The Greeks called the buildings constructed to protect dead bodies as ‘Pyramids’.
• The kings of Egypt were called ‘Pharaohs’. ‘Pharaoh’ means ‘person who lives in a palatial house.
• The peasants, who had accepted the rule of powerful Osiris, now accepted the rule of Pharaohs too.
• The Jews who came wandering through the deserts in search of shelter were also hated by the people of Egypt.
• Alexander’s military generals declared himself the King of Egypt and established the dynasty of the Ptolemies.
• The last Egyptian queen, Cleopatra, tried her best to save her country.
• The land which inspires awe and fascination is called the ‘Land between the rivers’ or ‘Mesopotamia’ by the Greeks.
• The two rivers, Euphrates and Tigris, had made this West Asian barren land very fertile.
• The northern part of Babylonia was called Akhad and the southern part was Sumer. The northern part of Mesopotamia was known as Assyria.
• The Sumerians, who used to worship their gods on top of the hills, after coming to the plains, built artificial hills and established their places of worship there. These were called Ziggurat.
• Today the law codes of Hammurabi have been kept in ‘The Louvre’ museum of Paris.
• Hammurabi’s law enforced the logic of ‘An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth’.
• Nebuchadnezzar was the greatest king among them
• Having Ho River which led to the establishment of the Chinese civilization was known as ‘China’s Sorrow’.
• The Shang dynasty was overpowered by the neighboring Chau dynasty. The Chau dynasty continued the good traditions of the Shang culture and ruled till QuestionQuestion0 B.C.E.
• Emperor Qin Shihuangti ordered that the walls of the northern Chinese states be connected. This enabled the northern walls to ward offthe attacks of invaders from the north.
• The ancient Chinese used to bury their dead along with porcelain pots, animals and the objects loved most during their lives.
• The Chinese tradition of writing began with pictures and got transformed into an ideographic script. Writers used to write on silk and bamboo slips.

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Kseeb Solutions For Class 8 History Chapter 4 Pdf

Ancient Civilizations Of The World Exercises

Complete the following sentences by using suitable words in the blanks:

1. Hieroglyphics are called symbolic language.
2. The kings who ruled Egypt are called Pharaohs
3. The Greeks referred to Mesopotamia as ‘Land between the rivers’
4. The most famous king of the Amorites is Hammurabi.

Class 8 History Ancient Civilizations Of The World KSEEB Notes 

Ancient Civilizations Of The World Answer in brief the following questions:

Question 1. How are ‘mummies’ preserved?
Answer: The dead body would be smeared with various chemicals and wrapped with a thin cloth. The entire body was in this way preserved. The body protected thus was called a ‘mummy’. It would be kept in a specially designed coffin. The grave was considered the true ‘place’ for an Egyptian. Hence all around the dead body, items needed for daily use and small dolls of a cook and barber would be kept to fulfill all future needs.

Kseeb Solutions Class 8 History Chapter 4 Notes

Question 2. Write a paragraph on the Pyramids.
Answer: Tall towers were built on the graves using huge blocks of stone in order to protect the eternal sleep of the dead. Kings and wealthy people vied with each other to build taller and taller towers. The Greeks called these structures ‘Pyramids’.

Question 3. How was ‘Hwang Ho River’ China’s sorrow?
Answer: The River Hwang Ho which led to the establishment of the Chinese civilization was known as ‘China’s Sorrow’. After the floods, this river changed its course in an unpredictable manner and inundated houses and agricultural lands. It would render all the canals useless. This was the reason the people of that area referred to it as the ‘Symbol of Sorrow’.

Ancient Civilizations Of The World Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and Write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the sheet provided:

Question 1. God of Life and Death was
1) Osiris
2) Yama
3) Asura
4)Sphinx
Answer: 1) Osiris

Question 2. The tall towers were called as ‘Pyramids’ by the
1) Romans
2)Greeks
3)Egyptians
4)Africans
Answer: Question) Greeks

Question 3.‘Pharaoh’ means a person who lives in a
1) Palace
2) Pyramid
3) Ziggurat
4) Palatial house
Answer: 4) Palatial house

Question 4. The Persian Emperor who occupied Egypt in the 6th Century was
1)Cambyses
2) Alexander
3) Augustus Caesar
4) Julius Caesar
Answer: 1) Cambyses

Kseeb Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 4 Exercise Answers

Question 5. Mesopotamia is an area that lies in a valley between two
1)Mountains
2)Rivers
3)Hills
4)Seas
Answer: 2) Rivers

Question 6. The land which inspires awe and fascination is called the ‘Land between the rivers’ or ‘Mesopotamia’ by
1)Romans
2)Greeks
3)Egyptians
4)Africans
Answer: 2) Greeks

Question 7.The first ones to evolve a system of writing in Mesopotamia was
1) Sumerians
2) Babylonians
3) Assyrians
4) Persians
Answer: 1) Sumerians

Question 8. The northern part of Babylonia was called
1)Akhad
2)Sumer
3)Assyria
4)Egypt
Answer: 1)Akhad

Question 9. The southern part of Babylonia was
1)Akhad
2) Sumer
3) Assyria
4) Egypt
Answer: 2) Sumer

Question 10. The northern part of Mesopotamia was
known as
1)Akhad
2) Sumer
3) Assyria
4) Egypt
Answer: 3) Assyria

Kseeb Class 8 History Chapter 4 Summary And Notes

Question 11. Some scholars opine that the gardens were created by the queen
1) Sammu-Ramat
2)Amitis
3) Cleopatra
4) Euphra
Answer: 1) Sammu-Ramat

Question 1. The desert God was
1) Osiris
 2)Yama
3) Asura
4) Sphinx
Answer : 3) Asura

Question 13. The river which is referred as the ‘Symbol of Sorrow’ in China is
1) Hwang Ho
2) Sinkiang
3)YangSikiang
4) Ho Hwang Ho
Answer: 1) Hwang Ho

Question 14. The first ruling family of the Chinese civilization was
1) Shang dynasty
2) Chau dynasty
3) Shang dynasty
4) Chou dynasty
Answer: 1) Shang dynasty

Complete the following sentences by using suitable words in the blanks:

1. Egypt was ruled over by an Arabian shepherd tribe called Hyksos
2. The last Egyptian queen was Cleopatra
3. The system of writing, which was developed by Egyptians were Cun eiform
4. The king who created the hanging gardens of Babylonia was Nebuchadnezzar
5. The Jews called Ziggurat as Towers of Babel
6. The rock edicts of Hammurabi have been kept in The Louvre museum of Paris
7. The most famous king of the Amorites was Hammurabi
8. The river helped in the establishment of the Chinese civilization was known as ‘China’s Sorrow’.
9. The Great Wall of China was constructed by Qin Shihuangti

Karnataka Class 8 Social Science Chapter 4 Ancient Civilizations Solutions

Ancient Civilizations Of The World Answer The Following Questions In A Sentence Each

Question 1. What is Mummy?
Answer: The entire body of dead was preserved using some chemical. The body protected was called a‘mummy’.

Question 2. What is Ziggurat?
Answer: Nebuchadnezzar got the gardens built in order to console his wife who was missing the beautiful environment of hills, trees and flowers of her motherland was called a ziggurat.

Question 3. Why was Hwang Ho River called the ‘Symbol of Sorrow’?
Answer: After the Hwang Ho River changed its course in an unpredictable manner and inundated houses and agricultural lands. It would render all the canals useless. This was the reason the people of that area referred to it as the ‘Symbol of Sorrow’.

Ancient Civilizations Of The World Answer In Brief The Following Questions

Question 1. Which are the contemporary civilizations of the Indus Valley Civilization?
Answer: The Egyptian civilization. Mesopotamian civilization and Chinese civilization are the contemporary civilizations of the Indus Valley Civilization

Question 2. Which are the sources we have to know about the Egyptian Civilization?
Answer: I-Iuge pyramids, sculptures, temples, and the inscriptions in these temples tell us a lot about Egyptian culture and history

Question 3. What are the contributions of Egyptians to the present world?
Answer: The Egyptians were expert farmers. They knew a lot about irrigation. They had built temples. They invented the calendar which has helped us to measure time. More than anything else, they had mastered the art of writing. It was a symbolic language. It consists of small drawings and has been called hieroglyphics (sacred writings).

Question 4. How was agriculture developed in the Nile Valley?
Answer: Every rainy season, the Nile River would transform the Nile valley into a huge lake. After the valley dried up in summer, a fertile layer of clay soil would form the grazing field and neighboring agricultural lands. The work that would need the labor of hundreds of people was being done by the kind river all alone. This fertile land provided food for the population of the first town in the area. Not all agricultural regions where in the valley. Hence through small canals and wells, they were responsible for the development of a complex system of irrigation throughout the land.

Kseeb Class 8 History Chapter 4 Ancient Civilizations Question Answers

Question 5. How were the dead bodies preserv ed in Egypt?
Answer: The dead body w’ould be smeared with vaiious chemicals and wrapped with a thin cloth. The entire body was in this way preserved. The body protected thus was called a ‘mummy’. It would be kept in a specially designed coffin. The grave was considered the true ‘place’ for an Egyptian. Hence all around the dead body, items needed for daily use and small dolls of a cook and barlier would be kept to fulfill all future needs.

KSEEB Class 8 Ancient Civilizations Of The World Study Materials 

Question 6. The Arabian shepherd tribe did not become popular in Egypt. Why?
Answer: Egypt was ruled over by an Arabian shepherd tribe called Hyksos which attacked it and after defeating it, ruled for Question00 years. They looted the wealth of the natives, and hence did not become popular.

Question 7. How did the Egy pt become a province of Rome?
Answer: The last Egyptian queen, Cleopatra, tried her best to save her country. It was said that the Romans feared her beauty more than her troops. Twice she was successful in her attack upon the hearts of the her Roman conquerors. However, in Question0 B.C.E., Caesar’s successor, his son-in-law, Augustus, did not succumb to her beauty like his father-in-law, but defeated her army, though he spared her life. When he planned to cany her away along with the other spoils of the battle, Cleopatra consumed poison and ended her life. From then onwards, Egypt became a province of Rome.

Question 8. Explain the Hanging Gardens of Babylonia.
Answer: The legendary Hanging Gardens were created on the banks of the river Euphrates around 7th Century B.C.E. This was one of the seven wonders of the Old World. But it is surprising to note that the Babylonian cuneiform records which make a mention of the city, its palaces and its walls, are totally silent about the Hanging Gardens. Most of scholars are of the view that King Nebuchadnezzar II was the one who created the gardens. Nebuchadnezzar’s wife Amitis was from Mead. It is said that Nebuchadnezzar got the gardens built in order to console his wife who was missing the beautiful environment of hills, trees and flowers of her motherland.

Question 9.AnswerWhy did Nebuchadnezzar create hanging gardens of Babylonia?
Answer: Nebuchadnezzar’s wife Amitis was from Mead. It is said that Nebuchadnezzar got the gardens built in order to console his wife who was missing the beautiful environment ofhills, trees and flowers of her motherland.

Question 10. Explain Hammurabi’s code of law.
Answer: Hammurabi’s law enforced the logic of‘An eye for an eye and a tooth for atooth’. Hammurabi’s Law Codes areone among the most ancient of the codes available to us. They were probably written to protect the rights of all sections of Babylonian society, especially women and slaves.

Question 11.AnswerNebuchadnezzar was the greatest king among Egyptian king. Justify.
Answer: Nebuchadnezzar encouraged the study of science.He got the gardens built in order to console his wife who was missing the beautiful environment of hills, trees and flowers of her motherland

Question 12.AnswerWhy did the Egyptian civilization decline?
Answer: The Chaldeans came under the attack of the Persians in the 6th Century B.C.E. Two hundred years later, Alexander transformed this place of the Semitic peoples into a Greek province. After the rulers of the Romans and Turks who followed Alexander, this civilization declined and turned into a wilderness.

Question 13. Write a short note on the Shang kings.
Answer: The first ruling family of the Chinese civilization was the Shang dynasty. It ruled in the period between the 18th century B.C.E and the 12th century B.C.E Under the rule of this dynasty, the people had developed a wonderful culture by the 14th century B.C.E. The Shang dynasty was overpowered by the neighboring Chau dynasty.

Question 14.AnswerWhy was the Great Wall of China constructed?
Answer: The Chinese Empire consisted of many small provinces. Seven big states were created bringing these smaller provinces under them. Every state that was created thus, constructed a wall along its boundary for protection. Emperor Qin Shihuangti ordered that the walls of the northern Chinese states be connected. This enabled the northern walls to ward off the attacks of invaders from the north. The construction of the great wall began in the 7th century B.C.E. and continued till the 16th century. The worn-out parts were repaired and strengthened. When the work was completed it stretched to more than 5000 kilometers. It is one of the seven wonders of the world.