Class 9 Social Science

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 Social Science Political Science Chapter 4 Judicial System Points To Remember

• Our judiciary is independent of the guidance of the Legislature and Executive.
• The High Courts, Subordinate Courts, and District Courts function under the Supreme Court.
• The Supreme Court is the highest court of law.
• The Supreme Court came into existence by an Act of Parliament on January 28, 1950. It is in New Delhi.
• The President appoints the Chief Justice and the other judges of the Supreme Court.
• The age of retirement of the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court is 65 years, whereas the age of retirement of the other judges is 62 years.
• Resolving the disputes between the Union and the States, and between the States; Safeguarding the Fundamental Rights of citizens. The Constitution provides for a High Court in every State. Sometimes there is one High Court for two or more States.
• The constitutional Amendment Act 15 of 1963 raised the retirement age from 60 to 62.
• The Governor appoints the Chief Judge of the District Court in consultation with the judges of the High Court.
• Civil courts settle disputes related to civil matters like property, land, monetary transactions, marriage, divorce, and others.

• The subordinate courts which come under the District Court are
  1. Court of Subordinate Judges,
  2. Court of Additional Subordinate Judges,
  3. Court ofMunsiffs,
  4. Court of Additional Munsiffs
• Criminal courts also known as District Magistrate courts came into existence on 1 April 1974.
• Criminal court takes up crimes like murder, robbery, dacoity, etc. It has the power to issue death sentences and also life imprisonment sentences.
• Revenue courts in every district take up cases related to land tax, land records, etc.
• The Tahasildar Court is the lowest court among the Revenue courts and the Tahasildar is its judge.
• Land Tax Board is the highest court dealing with land tax cases.
• People’s Courts (Lok Adalat) institutions came into existence in 1985.
• Lok Adalats take up cases relating to vehicle accidents, land possession, banking, marriage and alimony, laborers problems, etc.

Judicial System Class 9 Political Science Notes 

Fill in the blanks with suitable words.
1. The Supreme Court came into existence on January 28, 1950
2. Criminal courts came into existence on April 1, 1974
3. The lowest land tax court is the Tahasildar Court

Judicial System Answer The Following Questions.

Question 1. How are the judges of the Supreme Court appointed? What are their qualifications?
Answer:

1. The President appoints the Chief Justice and the other judges of the Supreme Court.
2. The qualifications of a Supreme Court judge are:

• Should be a citizen of India.
• Should have served as a High Court Judge for at least five years, or should have been an advocate of the High Court for at least ten years.
• Should be a distinguished jurist.

Question 2. What are the functions of the High Court?
Answer: Functions of the High Court are

• To take up civil and criminal disputes, marital relationships, contempt of court, etc.
• To admit appeals in civil and criminal cases from the subordinate courts.
• To direct transfer of cases from the power courts to the High Court
• To supervise the working of the subordinate courts
• To admit writ petitions to safeguard the Fundamental Rights and other legal rights of citizens.

Question 3. Which are the subordinate courts under the Civil Courts?
Answer: These subordinate courts are under the District Court or Civil courts :

• Court of Subordinate Judges
• Court of Additional Subordinate Judges
• Court of Munsiffs
• Court of Additional Munsiffs

Judicial System Class 9 Textbook Solutions 

Question 4. What was the purpose of establishing Lok Adalats? When did they come into existence?
Answer:

• The Government has set up other forms of legal institutions that function faster and are less expensive.
• These institutions came into existence in 1985.

Judicial System Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and Write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the sheet provided:

Question 1. The highest court in India is

1. The Supreme Court
2. The High Court
3. The District Court
4. Lok Adalat

Answer: 1. The Supreme Court

Question 2. India has a common judicial system for the entire country unlike

1. The English judicial system
2. The American judicial system
3. The Irish judicial system
4. The French judicial system

Answer: 2. The American judicial system

Question 3. The person who appoints the judges of the Supreme Court is

1. The Chief Justice
2. The Prime Minister
3. The President
4. The Vice-President

Answer:3.The President

Question 4. The age of retirement for the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court is

1. 60 years
2. 68 years
3. 62 years
4. 65 years

Answer: 4.65 years

Class 9 Social Science Chapter 4 Judicial System Notes 

Question 5. The salaries and allowances of Supreme Court judges are decided by

1. An Act of Parliament
2. The Rajya Sabha
3. The State Executive
4. The Vice- President

Answer: An Act of Parliament

Judicial System Answer The Following Questions In One Sentence Each:

Question 1. When did the Supreme Court come into existence?
Answer: The Supreme Court came into existence by an Act of Parliament on January 28, 1950.

Question 2. Where is the headquarters of the Supreme Court?
Answer: The headquarters of the Supreme Court is in New Delhi.

Question 3. How can a judge of the Supreme Court be removed?
Answer: If the judges are found guilty while discharging their duties, they can be removed from office by the President supported by a specified majority vote of both the Houses of Parliament.

Question 4. What is the condition that must be followed by Supreme Court judges after their resignation or retirement?
Answer: After their resignation or retirement, the judges cannot practice before any court.

Judicial System Answer The Following Questions In 2-4 Sentences Each:

Question 1. What are the qualifications required to become a Supreme Court judge?
Answer: The qualifications of a Supreme Court judge are:

• Should be a citizen of India.
• Should have served as a High Court Judge for at least five years, or should have been an advocate of the High Court for at least ten years.
• Should be a distinguished jurist.

Question 2. Mention the qualifications required to become a Judge of the High Court.
Answer: The qualifications of a High Court judge are

• Should be a citizen of India.
• Should have served as a judiciary officer in a judicial office or worked as an advocate of the High Court for ten years.
• Should be an eminent jurist.

Judicial System Questions And Answers Class 9 

Question 3. What are the functions of the High Court?
Answer: Functions of the High Court are

• To take up civil and criminal disputes, marital relationships, contempt of court, etc.
• To admit appeals in civil and criminal cases from the subordinate courts.
• To direct transfer of cases from the power courts to the High Court
• To supervise the working of the subordinate courts
• To direct transfer of cases from the lower courts to the High Court
• To supervise the working of the subordinate courts
• To admit writ petitions to safeguard the Fundamental Rights and other legal rights of citizens.

Question 4. Which are the two kinds of Subordinate Courts?
Answer: The two kinds of courts are

• Civil Courts
• Criminal Courts

Question 5. How are the judges of the Civil Court appointed?
Answer: The Governor appoints the Chief Judge in consultation with the judges of the High Court. The Chief Judge should have served as an advocate in any court of the State for a period of seven years. The other judges are selected through a competitive examination.

Question 6. Why are the civil courts set up?
Answer: Civil courts settle disputes related to civil matters like property, land, monetary transactions, marriage, divorce, and others. They also hear appeals from lower courts.

Question 7. Why is the Criminal Court set up?
Answer: The court takes up crimes like murder, robbery, dacoity, etc. It has the power to issue death sentences and also life imprisonment sentences.

Question 8. The functioning of the Lok Adalats has drawn appreciation from people. Why?
Answer: The functioning of the Lok Adalats has drawn appreciation from people mainly due to three features

• It lays stress on compromise.
• It is fast and cheap.
• It reduces the judicial burden on other courts.

Class 9 Judicial System Short Answers 

Question 9. List out the cases undertaken by Lok Adalats.
Answer: Lok Adalats take up cases relating to vehicle accidents, land possession, banking, marriage and alimony, laborers’ problems, etc.

Judicial System Answer The Following Questions In Six Sentences Each:

Question 1. Explain the functions and powers of the Supreme Court.
Answer: The functions and powers of the Supreme Court are

Original Powers :

• Resolving the disputes between the Union and the States, and between the States
• Safeguarding the Fundamental Rights of citizens
• Interpreting the provisions of the Constitution and Enquiring the Habeas Corpus also.

Appellate Powers:

• Citizens may file cases in the Supreme court against the judgments given in the lower courts.
• The Supreme Court may accept such appeals and issue judgments in these matters.
• It may also give special directions to the citizens to file such appeals.

Advisory Powers:

• Supreme Court may advise the President when he seeks its opinion on important public issues.
  
• The President may consult the Supreme Court for advice on matters related to agreements and contracts formed before the Constitution was implemented.

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 Social Science Political Science Chapter 5 Indian Election System Points To Remember

• Elections conducted once in five years on routine are called General elections. If the elections are conducted to fill the vacant seats within the stipulated term of five years, such elections are called by-elections.
• The Election Commission is set up by the government of India through constitutional procedures to conduct elections.
• The state is divided into small electoral divisions for the purpose of elections. These electoral divisions are called constituencies.
• The members elected from Lok Sabha constituencies become the members of Lok Sabha. They are called Members of Parliament or PMs.
• The voter’s list which contains the names and certain other details of the voters is also called the electoral roll.
• The electoral photo identity cards (EPIC) are issued to all eligible voters by the Election commission to prevent impersonation.
• The government of India has made arrangements to issue Bio-Metric based unique ID numbers to all citizens. This is called the “Aadhaar “number.
• Candidates must deposit a certain amount of money as a ‘Security Deposit’ along with their nomination papers.
• The contestants who are not identified with any political party are called ‘independent candidates’
• During the campaign, the political parties announce several policies and programmes and promise the people to fulfil those if voted to power.
• Such kind of promises is given in the ‘Election Manifesto’.

• The election symbol helps the illiterate masses and also others to identify the candidates.
• Electronic voting machines (EVMs) are replacing ballot papers nowadays.
• The party that forms the government is called the ‘Ruling party. The party that commands the second position is called the opposition party.
• Indian National Congress, Bharathiya Janata Party, and Communist Party of India are some of the major national political parties of India.
• DMK, AIADMK (Tamilnadu), Assam Gana Parishad (Assam), Telugu Desham (Andhrapradesh) Shivasena (Maharashtra) Janatha Dal (Secular) in Karnataka and Samajwadi party(UP) are a few major regional political parties.
• Many a time no party gets the required majority to form the government. Such a situation is called ‘Hung Parliament’ or Hung Assembly.
• Pre-poll or post-poll alliance helps political parties to join together to form the government when there is a hung parliament or assembly. Such a government formed with the cooperation of different political parties is called a ‘Coalition government’.
• In order to improve the standards of newspapers and to protect the freedom of the press, a body called the Press Council of India is constituted.
• The right to Information Act was passed in India in 2005. The objective of this Act is to check corruption in public life, to bring about transparency in administration and make the government accountable to the people.

Indian Election System Textual Questions And Answers

Fill up the blanks:

1. The party that commands a majority in the legislature and looks after the administration is called the Ruling party.
2. The minimum age to vote in India is 18 Years.
3. The elections conducted once in five years in a routine manner are termed General elections.
4. The electronic machine used to register the votes is called Electronic Voting Machine.

Indian Election System Class 9 Textbook Solutions 

Indian Election System Answer The Following Questions Briefly:

Question 1. Why are periodical elections necessary in democracy?
Answer: The periodical elections necessary in a democracy is

• They help to choose better candidates.
• They help to remove the candidates who are not working properly.
• They help to provide better administration.
• They help to provide better facilities
• They put a break for autocratic rule

Question 2. The success of democracy is depending on the voter. Justify.
Answer: The success of democracy depends on the voter because

• Voters choose the administrative people through election.
• They question ruling parties when they go wrong
• They fight for their rights and basic facilities.
• They reject politicians in elections when they go wrong

Question 3. Differentiate between regional and national parties.
Answer: National Parties

• These types of political parties have branches in many states of that particular nation.
• These are recognised nationwide.
• They have a respectable number of representatives in parliament and also in state legislatures.
• The national political parties are Indian National Congress, Bharatiya Janata Party, and Communist Party.

Regional parties

• These have branches within that particular state in which it is recognized.
• Recognised within that particular state.
• They form their own government in the state. They also play a major role in making coalition government at the centre or in the state.
• Some of the regional political parties are Shivasena (Maharashtra), Janata Dal (Secular) Karnataka, Samajwadi Party (UP) and many more.

Class 9 Social Science Indian Election System Answers 

Question 4. How is the media helpful for the efficient administration of the Government?
Answer:

• The day-to-day information about the happenings is provided by the media.
• It helps the people to know the plans and policies of the government.
• It helps the government to know about the views of the people on important issues.
• Media make the representatives accountable and answerable to issues to issues raised by the people.
• It also must provide truthful, fearless and unbiased views.

Question 5. What are the objectives of the Right to Information Act?
Answer: The objectives of the Right to Information Act are

• To check corruption in public life,
• To bring transparency in administration and to make the government accountable to the people.
• To empower the people to get information from the government bodies by filling out an application.
• To provide the information sought, within 30 days.
• To provide life and liberty-related information within 48 hours.

Indian Election System Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and Write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the sheet provided:
Question 1. In election ‘Security Deposit’ means

1. The money deposited after the election
2. The money deposited along with their nomination papers
3. The money deposited on the Election Day
4. The money which the losing candidate gives to the winning candidate

Answer: 2. The money deposited along with their nomination papers

Question 2. The election commission allotted the election symbols to help

1. The illiterate masses to identify candidates
2. The candidates to campaign for their party
3. The election officers count votes
4. The mass media talks about parties

Answer: 1. The illiterate masses to identify candidates

Question 3. Electronic voting machines (EVMs) are replacing ballot papers nowadays due to

1. Scarcity of papers
   
2. Encouragement for industrialization
3. Delay in the announcement of the result
4. Difficult print and distribute

Answer: 3. Delay in announcement of result

Class 9 Social Science Chapter 5 Indian Election System Notes 

Question 4. The Right to Information Act was passed in India in the year

1. 2005 AD
2. 2000 AD
3. 2010 AD
4. 2015 AD

Answer: 4.2005 AD

Indian Election System Answer the following questions in a sentence each:

Question 1. What are constituencies?
Answer: The state is divided into small electoral divisions for the purpose of elections. These electoral divisions are called constituencies.

Question 2. What is the electoral roll?
Answer: The voter’s list which contains the names and certain other details of the voters is also called the electoral roll.

Question 3. What is Aadhaar?
Answer: The government of India has made arrangements to issue Bio-Metric based unique ID numbers to all citizens. This is called the ‘Aadhaar’number.

Question 4. Who are ‘Independent candidates’?
Answer: The contestants who are not identified with any political party are called independent candidates.

Question 5. What is meant by the Election Manifesto’?
Answer: During the campaign, the political parties announce several policies and programmes and promise the people to fulfil those if voted to power. Such kinds of promises are given in the book called ‘Election Manifesto’.

Indian Election System Questions And Answers Class 9 

Question 6. What is meant by the Hung Parliament or Hung Assembly?
Answer: When no party gets the required majority to form the government. Such a situation is called ‘Hung Parliament’ or Hung Assembly.

Question 7. What is meant by the Coalition government?
Answer: The government formed with the cooperation of different political parties is called a Coalition government.

Question 8. Why is the Press Council of India constituted?
Answer: In order to improve the standards of newspapers and to protect the freedom of the press a body called the Press Council of India is constituted.

Question 9. Why was the Right to Information Act passed in India?
Answer: The objective of this Act is to check corruption in public life, to bring about transparency in administration and make the government accountable to the people.

Indian Election System Answer The Following Questions In 2-4 Sentences Each:

Question 1. Differentiate between General elections and By-elections.
Answer: Elections conducted once in five years on routine are called General elections.
If the elections are conducted to fill the vacant seats within the stipulated term of five years, such elections are called by-elections.

Question 2. Write the differences between the ruling party and the opposition party.
Answer: The party that forms the government is called the ‘Ruling party. The party that commands the second position is called the opposition party.

Question 3. How does Pre-poll or post-poll alliance help political parties?
Answer: Pre-poll or post-poll alliance helps political parties to join together to form the government when there is a hung parliament or assembly. Such a government formed with the cooperation of different political parties is called a ‘Coalition government’.

Class 9 Indian Election System Short Answers 

Question 4. Mention the important Election procedures
Answer: The important Election procedures are

• Constituencies
• Notification
• Nomination of the Candidates
• Scrutiny of Nomination
• Withdrawal of nomination papers
• Election Campaign
• Polling day
• Counting of votes

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 Social Science Sociology Chapter 4 Community Points To Remember

A group of three or more people living in a particular geographic area with common rules, regulations, values and common identity is called Community. The community can be divided into four major groups on the basis of social life, occupational characters, cultural life, beliefs, economic system and population. The four types of community are nomadic, tribal, rural and urban communities.

• Encyclopaedia of Britannica says that ‘Nomadism is the way of life. A nomadic community is a group of people who wonders from place to place according to the season for the purpose of hunting food, gathering, animal husbandry and trade.
• The characteristics of a nomadic community are nomadism for life, separate and temporary residing, low or no investment jobs and a separate mother tongue.
• Kettle in his dictionary defined the term tribe as ‘family or race. A tribe originated from the Latin word ‘Tribus’ which was used first time by Greek and Roman writers for tribals of the Latium district.
• The racial assembly consists of family and blood relatives and is called a Tribe.
• Three types of tribes according to anthropologists are Kakeshians, Mongolians and Negro.
• The three important geographical zones where tribes live in India are the North and North-East Zone, Central Zone and South Zone.
• According to Bogardus‘ Village community is the union of a small density of population, simple and low expenditure, and life with a primary relationship.
• Bogardus has the opinion that human society evolved in the Cradle called a Village.

• There are different types of villages. They are Centralized villages, Villages of bifurcated houses and farmland, scattered group villages, and villages of line houses.
• Moon-shaped villages, square-shaped villages and Joint road and market villages.
• Characteristics of rural communities are small in size, primary relationship, agriculture and agriculture supplement economic life, community life, democratic principle, independent unit, neighbourhood and shortage of public basic needs.
• Urbanization is the process where the rural society transfers into urban society.
• The characteristics of an urban community are large in size, cultural diversity, Non-agricultural jobs, neglected primary relationships, providing basic public facilities and formal social control.

Community Textual Questions And Answers

Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

1. A group of three or more people living in a particular locality is called Community.
2. A rural community is the supporting pillar of Indian society.
3. Aborigines of the North East Zone are Mongolian.

Answer the following questions.

Question 1. What do you mean by Tribal?
Answer: The racial assembly consists of family and blood relatives and is called a Tribe.

Question 2. What is a Village?
Answer: According to Bogardus‘ Village community is the union of a small density of population, simple and low expenditure, and life with a primary relationship.

Community Class 9 Sociology Notes 

Question 3. Mention the concept of society.
Answer: The aggregate of people living together in a more or less ordered community is called society.

Question 4. What does Industrial Revolution indicate?
Answer: Industrial Revolution indicates changing lifestyle, a conversation of villages into cities, replacing manpower with machines, and fast and improved production.

Question 5. Explain the characteristics of a tribal community.
Answer:
The characteristics of tribal community are:

• Simple and self completeness
• Worship of nature
• Loyal to community and importance
• Equality and independence for women
• Internal marriage system
• Separate mother language
• Living in the natural environment
• An economic system based on hunting forest sub-product and a small portion on agriculture.

Question 6. Explain the characteristics of the rural community.
Answer:
The characteristics of the rural community are:

• Small in size
• Primary relationship
• Agriculture and agriculture supplement economic life
• Community life
• Democratic principle
• Independent unit
• Neighbourhood and
• Shortage of public basic needs.

Question 7. Explain the characteristics of an urban community.
Answer:
The characteristics of an urban community are:

• Large in size
• Cultural diversity
• Non-agricultural jobs
• Neglected primary relationship
• Providing basic public facilities and
• Formalsocial control.

Question 8. Explain the division of tribals in India according to the geographical locality
Answer:
The division of tribals in India according to the geographical locality is:

• North and North East Zone
• Central Zone
• South Zone

Community Class 9 Textbook Solutions 

Question 9. Explain the types of a rural community.
Answer:
There are different types of rural communities. They are:

• Centralized villages:- Houses are located in the form of land.
• Villages of bifurcated houses and farm land:-They are found in the coastal region and in irrigated areas of Raichur district ofKamataka.
• Scattered group villages:- Villages are located in hilly areas and in uplands districts of Karnataka.
• Village of line houses:- Families are located on both sides of the road.
• Moon-shaped villages:- The village is surrounded by a temple masjid, church tank, etc.
• Square-shaped villages:- Villages are the same as line villages. Lines are parallel
• Joint road and market village:- Houses are located where two or more roads join together.

Question 10. Explain the characteristics of a nomadic community.
Answer:
The characteristics of a nomadic community are:

• Nomadismfor life
• Separate and temporarily residing under trees and in slums of towns
• Low or no investment jobs and
• Separate mother tongue.

Community Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the sheet provided:

Question 1. A group of people leading a simple life in a limited area is a

1. Village
2. Community
3. Neighbour
4. City

Answer: 1. Village

Question 2. The region which has tribes like Bhumi Santhalas is

1. Southern region
2. Central Region
3. Andaman and Nicobar region
4. Eastern Region

Answer: 2. Central Region

Class 9 Social Science Community Answers 

Question 3. In the list ‘A’ group of organizations and in list ‘B’ their characteristics are given. 
       A                                            B
City                                 prominence to agriculture
Tribal community            not established by law
Rural community            variety of social strata
Community                     live far away from the urban regions

Answer: 
City                            –     variety of social strata
Tribal communities    –     live far away from the urban regions
Rural community       –     prominence to agriculture
Community                –     not established by law

Question 4. Encyclopaedia of Britannica says that Nomadism is the way of

1. working
2. staying
3. transferring
4. life

Answer: 4. life

Answer the following question in 2-4 sentences each:

Question 1. What is meant by the community?
Answer: A group of three or more people living in a particular geographic area with common rules, regulations, values and common identity is called Community.

Question 2. Which are the factors used as a base to divide the community?
Answer: Community can be divided into four major groups on the basis of social life, occupational characters, cultural life, beliefs, economic system and population.

Question 3. How is the word tribe derived?
Answer: Tribe originated from the Latin word Tribus’ which was used first time by Greek and Roman writers for tribals of the Latium district.

Question 4. Which are the two types of tribes according to anthropologists?
Answer: Three types of tribes according to anthropologists are Kakeshians, Mongolians and Negro.

Class 9 Social Science Chapter 4 Community Notes 

Question 5. What is a village community according to Bogards?
Answer: According to Bogardus‘ Village community is the union of a small density of population, simple and low expenditure, and life with a primary relationship.

Question 6. Mention the different types of villages.
Answer:
There are different types of villages. They are:

• Centralized villages
• Villages of bifurcated houses and farmland
• Scattered group villages
• Village offline houses
• Moon shaped villages
• Square shaped villages
• Joint road and market village.

Question 7. What is meant by Urbanization?
Answer: Urbanization is the process where the rural society transfers into urban society.

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 Social Science Political Science Chapter 6 Defence Of The Nation Points To Remember

• Our country was under the imperial rule of foreigners and only after many protests, struggles and sacrifices we got our independence on 15th August 1947. Hence it is our bounded duty to ensure that our nation does not ever come under external aggression.
• India has nearly 15,200 km of land border and about 7,516.50 km of sea border to protect.
• The Indian Defence system consists of three wings -Army, Navy and Air Force.
• The headquarters of the Defence Ministry is in New Delhi. This Ministry has four sections:
  1. Defence Section
  2. Defence Production Section
  3. Defence Research and Development Section
  4. Retired Defence Personnel Welfare Section.
• The headquarters of the Indian Army is in New Delhi. Its head is known as the Commander-in-Chief. He has a Deputy Commander-in-chief, General, Major General, Brigadier, Military Secretary and a Military Engineer to assist him in his work.
• The army consists of Infantry, Cavalry, Tank Regiments called the Armed Corps and the Gunners’ Regiment.
• The important training centres are the National Defence Academy in Khadakvasla near Pune, the Defence Personnel College in Wellington near Ooty, the National Defence College inNew Delhi, the Indian Military Academy in Dehradun and the Officers’ Training School in Chennai.
• The headquarters of the Navy is also in New Delhi. Its head is The Admiral, and under him, there are various officers like, Vice-Admiral, Rear Admiral, Commander,Captain, Lieutenant Commander, Lieutenant and Sublieutenant.

• Indian Navy is huge and to expand it further, Hindustan Ship Yard has been established at Vishakapatnam.
• Warships like INS Neelagiri, Himagiri, Devagiri, Taragiri, Vindhyagiri, Chakradhari (a recent addition in March 2012) and INS Godavari, survey ships and Coastguard forces have been contacted.
• Indian Navy has two training centres, one in Kerala INS Vanduvarti and the other in Maharashtra, INS Shivaji at Lonavala.
• The Indian Air Force is a modem unit, well-equipped with technologically advanced aircraft.
• The headquarters of the Air Force is in New Delhi. The head of the Air Force is Air Chief Marshall.
• The main types of aircraft are Canberra, Hunter, Ajeet, MiG 21, MiG 23, MiG 25, MiG 27, MiG 29, Mirage 2000, etc.,
• Those who desire to work in the Armed forces should be service-oriented, patriotic, ready to sacrifice their lives for the sake of the country and also be familiar with the multicultural fabric of the nation.
• The DRDO (Defence Research and Development Organisation) which was established in 1958, has developed advanced earth-to-earth rockets like Pruthvi, Trishul, Akash, Nag, Agni 1,2,3,4 and 5.
• The second line of defence is:
  1. Territorial Army
  2. N.C.C. -National Cadet Corps
  3. Coastal Guard
  4. Border Security Force
  5. Civil DefenceHome Guards
  6. Red Cross.
• The territorial Army is a voluntary part-time force which was established in 1949 to provide services during emergencies like natural calamities.
• Every year, the third Saturday of November is celebrated as ‘Territorial Army Day.
• National Cadet Corp’s aim is to develop among the students a sense of discipline, leadership qualities, friendliness and service-mindedness.
• The ships of the Coastal Guard have been given names like Puthar, Vikram, Vijay, Veera etc.
• Coastal Guard has four regional headquarters at Mumbai, Chennai, Gandhinagar and Port Blair in Andaman and Nicobar islands.
• BSF which has a training centre in Yelahanka in Bangalore successfully prevented transgression of our borders and illegal entry of foreigners and smuggling.
• The main aim of the Civil Defence force is the protection of the life of the citizens.
• Home Guards great help to the local police in curbing communal clashes, and restoring peace in society and during elections.
• The Red Cross Society renders valuable service to people during natural calamities and other emergencies.
• It is in gratitude for their sacrifice, courage, and great achievement that they are honoured with awards like Param Vir Chakra, Vishisth Vir Chakra, Vir Chakra etc.
• The defence forces are also rendering invaluable service during natural calamities like floods, droughts, earthquakes, landslides, storms etc.]

Defence Of The Nation Textual Questions And Answers

Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

1. The main objective of our defence policy is protecting Nation
2. The Commander-in-Chief of our three Armed Forces is The President
3. The Chief of the Army is called General
4. The headquarters of the Defence Ministry is in Delhi
5. The Hindustan Ship-building yard is at Vishakhapatnam
6. The border security force training centre is in Yelahanka, Bangalore.
7. The Indian Red Cross Society was established in 1920 AD.

Defence Of The Nation Class 9 Political Science Notes 

Defence Of The Nation Answer The Following Questions After The Group Discussion.

Question 1. What is the Naval Base near Karwar known as?
Answer: The Naval Base near Karwar is known as Sea Bird.

Question 2. Which are the four divisions of our Defence Ministry?
Answer: The sections Defence Ministry four are

• Defence Section
• Defence Production Section
• Defence Research and Development Section
• Retired Defence Personnel Welfare Section.

Question 3. Explain the structure of the Indian Army.
Answer:

• Indian Army’s head is known as the Commander-in-Chief.
• He has a Deputy Commander in- in – chief, General, Major General, Brigadier, Military Secretary and a Military Engineer to assist him in his work.
• The army consists of Infantry, Cavalry, Tank Regiments called the Armed Corps and the Gunners’ Regiment. There is a Supply and Engineering branch too.
• The Indian Army has been divided into seven commands for administrative convenience
• Each command is under the charge of a general officer of the rank of a Lt. General.
• These army commands are divided into Areas and Sub-areas which are headed by Major Generals and Brigadiers respectively.

Question 4. Which are the Commands of the Army?
Answer: The seven commands of the Army are
1. Western Command – Chandimandir (Chandigarh)
2. Eastern Command – Kolkata (West Bengal)
3. Norther Command-Udhampur (Kashmir)
4. Southern Command-Pune (Maharashtra)
5. Central Command – Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh)
6. Training Command – Mhow (Madhya Pradesh)
7. North-Western Command-Jaipur (Rajasthan)

Question 5. Explain the functions of the Indian Air Force.
Answer:

• The Indian Air Force works effectively and courageously both during war times and peace times.
• It has succeeded in ensuring safety, security and stability.

Defence Of The Nation Class 9 Textbook Solutions 

Question 6. What are the qualifications required for recruitment to the Army?
Answer: There are certain conditions with regard to physical requirements, mental health, general education and technical knowledge that have to be met.

Question 7. What are the aims of N.C.C.? What are its advantages?
Answer: The aims of N.C.C. are To develop a sense of discipline, leadership qualities, friendliness and service-mindedness among the students

The advantages of Joining N.C.C are

• Those who have received N.C.C. training can join the armed forces easily.
• Cadets who have earned distinction during training are given seats in professional colleges.
• Cadets are given training in handling weapons.
• During training, cadets go on adventures like hiking, trekking, gliding, scaling or mountaineering, sailing etc.
• Students who have received N.C.C. training can secure admission in any defence school.

Question 8. Explain the organization of the Indian Red Cross Society.
Answer:

• In 1920 Red Cross Society organisation was established in India.
• The Indian Red Cross is a humanitarian voluntary organization
• The Indian President is its Chairman and governor in the state branch.
• The Red Cross Society renders valuable service to people during natural calamities and other emergencies.
• Without any discrimination, it helps sick people and those wounded on the battlefield.

Defence Of The Nation Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the sheet provided:

Question 1. Which one among the following statement is WRONG regarding Territorial Army?

1. It is a voluntary part-time force.
2. It has no professional soldiers.
3. The Civilians who are eager to play a role in defence can join.
4. Government pay them a salary and other Monthly allowance.

Answer: 4. Government pay them a salary and other Monthly allowance.

Question 2. The Headquarters of the Defense Ministry is in

1. Kolkatta
2. Karwar
3. Vishakapatnam
4. New Delhi

Answer: 4. New Delhi

Question 3. The Coromandel-in-chief of the three Armed forces is the

1. Vice-President
2. President
3. Prime Minister
4. Home Minister

Answer: 2. President

Class 9 Social Science Defence Of The Nation Answers 

Question 4.‘INS Neelagiri, Himagiri, Devagiri, Taragiri, Vindhygiri,’ all these are

1. Warships
2. Aircrafts
3. Rockets
4. Submarines

Answer: 1. Warships

Question 5. In list ‘A’ group of officers’ names and in list ‘B’ their posts are given. Identify the group that matches from list ‘C’

Answer: A. 1-b  2-d  3-a  4-c

Question 6. The correct statement regarding Seabird Naval is

1. It is recently established at Karwar in Karnataka
2. Many people in India do not like to join it
3. It is a Para-military force of India
4. It comes under the state home ministry

Answer: 1. It is recently established at Karwar in Karnataka

Defence Of The Nation Answer The Following Questions In A Sentence Each:

Question 1. It is our bounded duty to ensure that our nation does not ever come under external aggression. Why?
Answer: As you have already known, our country was under the imperial rule of foreigners and only after many protests, struggles and sacrifices we got our independence on 15th August 1947.

Question 2. The role of our defence forces assumes great significance. Why?
Answer: Although India has made sincere efforts to solve all problems in an amicable manner through peace talks, our efforts have not met with success.

Question 3. Which are the three wings of the Indian Defence system?
Answer: The Indian Defence system consists of three wings -Army, Navy and Air Force.

Question 4. Name the important wings of the Indian Army.
Answer: The army consists of Infantry, Cavalry, and Tank Regiments called the Armed Corps and the Gunners’ Regiment.

Class 9 Social Science Chapter 6 Defence Of The Nation Notes 

Question 5. Which are the fleets of the Indian Navy?
Answer: The fleets of the Indian Navy are

• The Western Fleet and the Eastern Fleet.

Question 6. Where do we find the training centres of the Indian Navy?
Answer: Indian Navy has two training centres. They are:

• Kerala – INS Vanduvarti.
• Maharashtra -INS Shivaji at Lonavala.

Question 7. How are the women soldiers recruited to defence forces?
Answer: Recruitment of women to the three armed forces takes place through the Women Special Entry Scheme (WSES).

Defence Of The Nation Answer The Following Questions In 4-6 Sentences Each:

Question 1. What are the main responsibilities of the army?
Answer: The main responsibility of the army is to protect the land and its sovereignty against attacks by foreign nations. The defence has a great influence on our geographical, political, social and technical environments. It also plays an important role in guarding border areas and in tackling natural calamities.

Question 2. Name the three naval commands of the Indian Navy.
Answer: The three naval commands of the Indian Navy are
1. Western Naval Command (Mumbai)
2. Eastern Naval command (Vishakhapatnam)
3. Southern Command (Cochin).

Question 3. Indian Air Force is considered one of the most powerful Air forces in the world. Why?
Answer:

• The Indian Air Force is a modem unit, well-equipped with technologically advanced aircraft.
• It has good defence equipment, a well-developed communication network, the latest spying technology, capability to confront the enemy and defend the nation.
• It also has a sufficient number of warplanes, helicopters and assault aircraft.

Question 4. Name the important Operational Commands of the Indian Air Force.
Answer: The important Operational Commands of the Indian Air Force are
1. Western Command – New Delhi
2. Eastern Command – Shillong (Meghalaya)
3. Central Command – Allahabad (Uttar Pradesh)
4. North Western Command – Gandhinagar (Gujarat)
5. Southern Command – Thiruvananthapuram (Kerala)

Defence Of The Nation Questions And Answers Class 9 

Question 5. Mention the names of the Second line of defence forces in India.
Answer: The Second line of defence forces of India are

• Territorial Army
• N.C.C. – National Cadet Corps
• Coastal Guard
• Border Security Force
• Civil Defence
• Home Guards
• Red Cross

Question 6. What are the characteristics of TerritorialArmy?
Answer: The characteristics of the Territorial Army are

• It is a voluntary part-time force. Its services are used only during emergencies like natural calamities.
• It was established by a Parliament Act in 1949.
• It has no professional soldiers, but only civilians who are eager to play a role in defence and are given military training in their spare time. ,.
• Only a person who is gainfully employed and in the age group of 18 to 42 is eligible to join the force.

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 5 The Moghuls And The Marathas Points To Be Remember

• Babar established the Moghul dynasty in India and was originally from Turkistan.
• Babar defeated the Delhi sultan Ibrahim Lodhi in the battle of Panipat in 1526A.D. and established the Moghul dynasty in India.
• Humayun who was defeated by Sher Shah sought shelter in Sindh province and came back to power after the death of Sher Shah.
• The original name of Sher Shah was Farid and he was the founder of the Sur dynasty.
• When Farid was working under Baharkhan Lohani, the king of South Bihar, he killed a tiger single-handed, and thus earned the name Sher Khan.
• Sher Shah was known for his impartial justice. Hence he earned the title “Sultan of fair justice”.
• Sher Shah brought a new silver coin known as ‘daam’ into circulation.
• After the death of Humayun, Hemu, the military General of Bengal king Mohammad Shah Abdali, conquered Delhi and Agra so the battle at Panipat was fought in 1556 between Hemu and the Moghuls.
• The Battle of Haldighat was fought under the leadership of Akbar’s Generals Mansion and Asaf Khan and Rana Pratap.
•  Akbar established a new religious order named Din-e-Ilahi in 1582 A.D. This was based on the motto ‘Peace with all’ (sal-i-kul).
• Akbar adopted a policy of tolerance towards Hindus and permitted his Rajput wives to worship their gods in the palace itself.
• Akbar directed that the festivals of Rakhi, Deepavali, and Shivaratri should be celebrated in his court.
• There were four ministers called Vakil, Diwan, Mirbhakshi, and Main Sadar to assist him in the administration.
• There were infantry, cavalry, elephant units, and cannon units in the Moghul army.
• There was a separate department to stamp the horses known as daag mahal.
• The Police system (kotwal) during Akbar’s time was well organized and capable.
• The important monuments in Fatehpur Sikri are Kwajaha Bhaga, Daftar Khana, Jodhabai palace, Daulat Khana, Panch Mahal, Birbal House, Kabutar Khana, etc.
• Shahjahan constructed the famous, immensely valuable ruby-studded Peacock throne Taj Mahal in Agra and the Red Fort at Delhi Hence, his period is referred to as the ‘Golden Age of Moghul Art and Architecture.

• Aurangzeb put the principles of the Quran into practice. To supervise the implementation of the Quran, he appointed muhtasibs in important cities.
• The ninth Sikh Guru Tej Bahadur was imprisoned, tortured, and killed.
• The provincial administration was taken care of by the governor, diwan, Bakshi, Zakiya Navis, kotwal, faujdar, Amal Gujar and batikchi.
• Raw silk, metals, horses, perfumes, gold, and silver were imported whereas cotton cloth, pepper, saffron, opium, salt Petre and woolen clothes were exported.
• During the Moghul period, many books were written in Persian, Arabic, Turkish, Hindi, and Sanskrit languages.
• During the 17th century, Maharashtra was under the control of Nizam Shahi of Ahmednagar and Adil Shahi of Vijayapura.
• Shivaji was the most famous of the Maratha kings.
• The teachings of famous saints of Maharashtra influenced the protection of the Hindu religion and the establishment of the Maratha kingdom.
• Shivaji was born Shahaji and Jijabai in Shivaneri of Pune district.

• Sivaji assembled an army of local Mavali youths and trained them in guerrilla warfare.
• Aurangzeb had appointed Shahista Khan and Jaisingh to finish Shivaji.
• Shivaji’s coronation took place in the year 1674 A.D. at Raigadh and There he was given the title Chatrapathi and felicitated.
• Shivaji divided his kingdom into many provinces which were called Swaraj and Moghulareas.
• Chauth (1/4 of the land tax) and Sardeshamukhi (1/10 of the land tax) types of land taxation were in practice.
• The Maratha army had infantry, cavalry, elephant units, and cannon units.
• Balaji Vishwanath was able to bring together the members of the Maratha Union: Bhonsle, 2. Gaikwad, Holkar, Scindhia, and the Peshwas.
• Baji Rao, I not only ruled with efficiency but also re-established the glory of the Maratha Empire. Hence he was called Shivaji II.
• Since Balaji Baji Rao came to power at the age of Toof 20 years, Balaji Baji Rao appointed his close relative, Sadashiv Bavu, to guide him in the administration.
• Madhav Rao re-established the lost glory of the Marathas in a very short period.
• The British routed the Marathas in the Third Anglo-Maratha War so Maratha rule came to an end.

Fill In The Blanks With Suitable Words

1. The founder of the Moghul dynasty was _______
2. The most famous emperor among the Moghuls was_____.
3. The king who built the Taj Mahal at Agra was____.
4. The Moghul emperor who established the new religion Dine- Ilahi was____
5. Shivaji’s mother was____.

Answer:    1. Babar 2. Akbar 3. Shahjahan 4. Akbar 5.  Jija  Bai

The Moghuls And The Marathas Class 9 History Notes 

The Moghuls And The Marathas Answer The Following Questions

Question 1. Describe the military achievements of Babar.
Answer: The military achievements of Babar were

• Babar invaded India five times.
• He established the Moghul dynasty in India by defeating the Delhi sultan Ibrahim Lodhi in the battle of Panipat in 1526 A.D.
• He defeated Rana Sangramsingh of Mewad, the Rajput king Mediniraya of Chanderi, and Ibrahim Lodhi’s brother, Mohammad Lodhi.
• Babar conquered Panipath, Godhra, and Kanwa.

Question 2. Compare and contrast the present-day administrative system with that of Sher Shah.
Answer.

• There were infantry, cavalry, and elephants in his army like the present defense force.
• The army was divided into various troops and Commandants had been appointed to supervise them like the present.
• Sher Shah himself paid attention to the organization of the army, arms and ammunition, and the discipline of the soldiers like the present Defense Minister.
• If there was damage to crops during the movement of troops, the government compensated the farmers.
• Sher Shah constructed new forts at Delhi, Rohtas, Kanauj, and Patna.
• According to the level of fertility, the farmers gave off their income as land tax to the government.

Question 3. What are the areas won by Akbar?
Answer: The areas won by Akbar are Malwa, Jaipur, Gondavan, Chittor, Ranathambhor, Kalinjar, Gujarat, and Bengal

Question 4. Describe the contributions of Shahjahan to art and architecture.
Answer:

• The contributions of Shahjahan to art and architecture are
• Shahjahan constructed the famous ‘Taj Mahal in Agra in memory of his beloved wife, Mumtaz.
• The Red Fort at Delhi and the buildings in it are the contributions of Shahjahan.
• Shahjahan’s period is referred to as the ‘Golden Age of Moghul Art and Architecture.

Question 5. Describe Shivaji’s system of administration.
Answer:

• Shivaji’s system of administration
• Shivaji had organized an efficient administrative system in his vast kingdom.
• He divided his kingdom into many provinces which were called Swaraj and Moghul areas.
• Marathi was the language of administration. > There were ministers known as Asthapradhans in the central government to assist the king. Province, district, and village were the administrative units.

The Moghuls And The Marathas Class 9 Textbook Solutions 

Question 6. Explain the achievements of Bajirao I.
Answer: The achievements of Bajirao I are

• Balaji Baji Rao I aspired to enhance image 3. Guru Granth Sahib of the Marathas.
• He took measures to improve the economic state of the kingdom.
• He traveled with the armies of Holkar and Scindhia in the year 1742 A.D. to establish the empire of Bundelkhand.
• He fought with the army of Ahmed Shah Abdali in Panipat and got defeated.

The Moghuls And The Marathas Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the answer sheet provided:
Question 1. Shivaji’s Cabinet was called
A) Asthaishwaryas
B) Astadiggajas
C) Astaprtadhanas
Answer:C) Astaprtadhanas

Question 2. In the Akbar period, the word ‘Jubti’ was referred to
A)Police system
B)Administrative system
C)Military system
D)Revenue system
Answer:D)Revenue system

Class 9 Social Science The Moghuls And The Marathas Answers 

Question 3. Shivaji renamed Hosadurga near Torana as
A)Rajgadh
B)Raigadh
C) Pratapgadh
D)Simhagadh
Answer: B)Raigadh

The Moghuls And The Marathas Answer the following questions:

Question 1. How did Sher Shah earn the name ‘Sher Khan’?
Answer: Sher Shah killed a tiger single-handedly and thus earned the name Sher khan.

Question 2. What was the result of the first battle of Panipat?
Answer: Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodhi and established Moghul rule

.Question 3. How was land tax fixed during the Mughal period?
Answer: Land tax was fixed on the basis of the fertility of the land

Question 4. Why was Sher Shah called “Sultan of the fair justice”?
Answer: Sher Shah was known for his impartial justice. Hence he earned the title “Sultan of fair justice”.

Question 5. Why should Sher Shah be remembered even Ans: The ninth Sikh Guru Tej Bahadur was imprisoned, today in India.
Answer: Sher Shah brought a new silver coin known as ‘daam’ into circulation which is a base for the present coin system.

Class 9 Social Science Chapter 5 The Moghuls And The Marathas Notes 

Question 6. Why was the second battle of Panipat fought?
Answer: After the death of Humayun, Hemu, the military General of Bengal king Mohammad Shah Abdali, conquered Delhi and Agra so the battle at Panipat was fought in 1556 between Hemu and the Moghuls.

Question 7. Why did Akbar establish Din-e-Ilahi?
Answer: Akbar established a new religious order named Din-e-Ilahi in 1582 A.D., which was based on the motto ‘Peace with all’ (sal-i-kul).

Question 8. Akbar adopted a policy of tolerance towards Hindus. Justify.
Answer: Akbar adopted a policy of tolerance towards Hindus and permitted his Rajput wives to worship their gods in the palace itself. Akbar directed that the festivals of Rakhi, Deepavali, and Shivaratri should be celebrated in his court.

Question 9.What is meant by daag mahali?
Answer: There was a separate department to stamp the horses known as daag mahal.

Question 10. Name the important monuments of the Mughal in Fathepur Sikri.
Answer: The important monuments in Fatehpur Sikri are Kwajaha Bhaga, Daftar Khana, Jodhabai palace, Daulat Khana, Panch Mahal, Birbal House, Kabutar Khana, etc.

Question 11. Aurangzeb was a religious pious. Justify.
Answer: Aurangzeb put the principles of the Quran into practice.
To supervise the implementation of the Quran, he appointed muhtasibs in important cities. He imposed the Jajiya pilgrimage tax on Hindus.

Question 12. Why were Sikhs not happy with Aurangzeb?
Answer: The ninth Sikh Guru Tej Bahadur was imprisoned, tortured, and killed by Aurangzeb.

The Moghuls And The Marathas Questions And Answers Class 9 

Question 13. Which were the items exported by the Mughals?
Answer: Raw silk, metals, horses, perfumes, gold, and silver were imported whereas cotton cloth, pepper, saffron, opium, salt Petre and woolen clothes were exported.

Question 14. How did Saints influence the Maratha kingdom?
Answer: The teachings of famous saints of Maharashtra influenced the protection of the Hindu religion and the establishment of the Maratha kingdom.

Question 15. Which were the taxes collected by the Marathas?
Answer: Chauth (1/4 of the land tax) and Sardeshamukhi (1/10 th of the land tax) types of land taxation were in practice.

Question 16. Why was Baji Rao I called Shivaji II?
Answer: Baji Rao I not only ruled with efficiency but also re-established the glory of the Maratha Empire. Hence he was called Shivaji II.

Question 17. Why was Sadashiv Bavu appointed as regent of Balaji Baji Rao?
Answer: Since Balaji Baji Rao came to power at the age of 20 years, Balaji Baji Rao appointed his close used to moto T relative, Sadashiv Bavu, to guide him in the administration.

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 8 Modern Europe Points To Remember

• The end of the Middle Age and the beginning of the Modern Age have turned out to be two important events in the history of Europe.
• The capture of Constantinople by the Turks and increased trade activities became the reasons for the Renaissance, geographical explorations, religious reformation movement, and industrial revolution.
• The meaning of the word Renaissance is rebirth or reawakening.
• The intellectual renaissance movement started first in Italy. Therefore, Italy can be called the birthplace of the Renaissance.
• The fall of Constantinople in the year 1453 A.D., the end of slavery, the development of the Guttenberg printing machine in Germany and geographical explorations were the important reasons for Renaissance.
• People’s opinions towards the world and man changed. This was called ‘humanism’.
• The works written in English, Italian and German languages by the writers of the Renaissance period became very popular.
• The interest shown by people in great culture and their desire to cultivate it was called “Imitation of the best”.
• Petrarch is known as the ‘Father of Renaissance’. He collected about 200 Latin and Greek manuscripts. ‘Africa’ is his famous poem.
• Michaelangelo, Raphael, Leonardo da Vinci, and Titian were important artists.
• Francis Bacon declared that ancient scientific decisions did not represent any professional knowledge.
• Poland’s Copernicus disproved the earth-centric argument of Ptolemy of Greece and showed that the sun was the center of the solar system.
• Newton discovered the laws of Gravitation and said that all heavenly bodies are controlled by this gravitational force.
• Mariner’s compass and astrolabe equipment were helpful to sailors. Charts and maps were available to sailors.
• Bartholomew Diaz reached the southern tip of the African continent and called it the “Cape of Good Hope”

• Christopher Columbus of Genoa city crossed the Atlantic Ocean with the help of the king of Spain and reached the Bahamas in West Indies (Caribbean islands).
• Portuguese sailor Ferdinand Magellan was the first to go around the Cape. After traveling for 5 months, he reached South America in the year 1520.
• Colonialism and imperialism led to hatred between the locals and the foreigners.
• The Popes showed interest in politics instead of reforming the religion, this was condemned by Italy’s Boccaccio, Holland’s Erasmus, and England’s John Wycliffe.
• The church opposed the translation of the Bible which was originally in Greek to other languages. The religious movement started by Martin Luther came to be known as the “Religious Reformation”.
• The followers of Martin Luther were called ‘Protestants’.

• The Catholic Church itself underwent reformation and this came to be known as Counter-Reformation.
• The leader of the Counter-Reformation was the Spanish aristocrat called Ignatius Loyola and He founded the Jesus society in the year.
• “Inquisition”, a religious practice of interrogating those who violated the dictates of the church and punishing them, came into existence from 1542 onwards.
• The changes that took place in the industrial field between 1760 to 1830 are called the Industrial Revolution and it first began in England.
• James Hargreaves invented the weaving machine called the spinning jenny in 1764.
• Richard Arkwright improved this spinning jenny, and in 1769, invented the water frame.
• Cartwright invented the weaving machine called the ‘power loom’ in 1785. Due to this, more cloth could be produced in a very short time.

Modern Europe Class 9 Textbook Solutions 

Textual Questions And Answers

Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

1. Renaissance means Rebirth or reawakening
2. The father of the Renaissance was Petrarch
3. Followers of Martin Luther are Protestants
4. The leader of the Counter, Reformation  movement is Ignatius Loyola
5. Founder of the spinning jenny machine is James Hargreaves

Modern Europe Answer The Following Questions By Discussing them With Your Group.

Question 1. What were the consequences of religious reformation?

Answer: The consequences of religious reformation were

• A humanitarian approach to life gained popularity.
• Scientific knowledge grew about the world.
• Knowledge of the movement of astronomical bodies expanded
• Geographical exploration was possible by using sea routes.
• The industrial revolution became a reality.
• Dogmas were condemned.
• Progressive thinking gained momentum.
• The religious reformation movement was started.

Question 2. What were the reasons for geographical explorations?
Answer: Reasons for geographical explorations were

• The Turks conquered Constantinople in 1453 A.D.
• Spain and Portugal were ambitious in competing with Arabs in sea trade.
• The Discovery of new countries opened the possibility of spreading Christianity.
• European curiosity was roused by the adventurous nature of sea voyages toward eastern countries.
• Mariner’s compass and astrolabe equipment were helpful to sailors. Charts and maps were available to sailors.
• Europeans believed that China was a fertile place to make a profit.

Class 9 Social Science Modern Europe Answers 

Question 3. Which are the watercolor paintings of Leonardo da Vinci?
Answer: The water-color paintings of Leonardo da Vinci are

• Last Supper
• Monalisa

Question 4. Explain the development of literature in the period of the Renaissance with an example.
Answer: Italy was the motherland of great writers. France, England, Germany, and Spain too contributed a lot to the literature.

• The theme of literature of this period was worldly matters rather than religion.
• Instead of Latin, many of the regional European languages came to be used in daily life.
  The notable works of this period are
• Petrarch wrote a famous poem called Africa.
• ‘Decameron’ written in Italian by Boccaccio,
• The famous work ‘Divine Comedy’ by Dante,
• ‘Canterbury Tales’ by Chaucer of England,
• Don Quixote by Cervantes of Spain,
• Utopia was written by Thomas More of England
• William Shakespeare wrote numerous tragedies and comedies.

Question 5. Describe the effects of the Industrial Revolution.
Answer: The effects of the Industrial Revolution are

• Demand for machines grew.
• Many changes took place in the economic and social fields too.
• New factories were established.
• The cost of production came down and essential products were available at a low price.
• Cottage industries could not compete with the giants.
• The rich became richer and the poor remained poor.
• People had to migrate from villages to towns.
• A capitalist class emerged in society.
• Hostilities developed between the owners and the workers, and class conflict began.

Modern Europe Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the answer sheet provided:

Question 1. The Industrial Revolution had taken place in

1. England
2. America
3. India
4. Russia

Answer: England

Question 2. The birthplace of the Renaissance was

1. Germany
2. Istanbul
3. Italy
4. England

Answer: 3. Italy

Question 3. Magellan is an unforgettable man of world navigation because he

1. Belonged to Portugal
2. Was the first sailor to go around the world
3. Was blessed by the Queen of England
4. Was sent by Queen Isabella

Answer: 3.  was the first sailor to go around the world

Class 9 Social Science Chapter 8 Modern Europe Notes 

Question 4. The Counter-Reformation was led by

1. Martin Luther
2. John Wycliffe
3. Ignatius Loyola
4. Petrarch

Answer: 3. Ignatius Loyola

Question 5. The father of the Renaissance is

1. Da-Vinci
2. Petrarch
3. Boccaccio
4. Kepler

Answer: 3. Boccaccio

Modern Europe Answer the following questions in a sentence each:

Question 1. What is Renaissance?
Answer: Renaissance means rebirth or reawakening.

Question 2. What is the Religious reformation?
Answer: The religious reformation movement started by Martin Luther is known as the Religious reformation.

Question 3. Who are Protestants?
Answer: The followers of Martin Luther were called ‘Protestants’.

Question 4. What is meant by Counter-Reformation?
Answer: The Catholic Church itself underwent reformation and this came to be known as Counter-Reformation.

Question 5. Name the leader of Counter-Reformation.
Answer: The leader of the Counter-Reformation was the Spanish aristocrat, called Ignatius Loyola.

Modern Europe Questions And Answers Class 9 

Question 6. Which was a society founded by Ignatius Loyola?
Answer: Ignatius Loyola founded the Jesus society.

Question 7. What is meant by the Inquisition?
Answer: “Inquisition”, was a religious practice of interrogating those who violated the dictates of the church and punishing them, came into existence from 1542 onwards.

Question 8. What is meant by the Industrial Revolution?
Answer: The changes that took place in the industrial field between 1760 – 1830 are called the Industrial Revolution and it first began in England.

Modern Europe Answer The Following Questions In 2-4 Sentences Each:

Question 1. What were the effects of the fall of Constantinople?
Answer: The results of the fall of Constantinople were

• The Renaissance
• The Geographical explorations
• The Religious reformation movement
• The Industrial revolution

Question 2. What were the main reasons for Renaissance?
Answer: The main reasons for Renaissance were

• The fall of Constantinople in the year 1453 A.D.,
• End of slavery
• Development of Guttenberg’s printing machine in Germany
• Geographical explorations

Question 3. Explain the development of science in the period of the Renaissance.
Answer:

1. The works written in English, Italian and German languages by the writers of the Renaissance period became very popular.
2. Francis Bacon declared that ancient scientific decisions did not represent any professional knowledge.
3. Poland’s Copernicus disproved the earth-centric argument of Ptolemy of Greece and showed that the sun was the center of the solar system.
4. Newton discovered the laws of Gravitation and said that all heavenly bodies are controlled by this gravitational force.

Class 9 Modern Europe Short Answers 

Question 4. Which are the important geographical discoveries of the renaissance period?
Answer: Bartholomew Diaz reached the southern tip of the African continent and called it the Cape of Good Hope.

• Christopher Columbus of Genoa city crossed the Atlantic Ocean with the help of the king of Spain and reached the Bahamas in West Indies (Caribbean islands).
• Portuguese sailor Ferdinand Magellan was the first to go around the Cape. After traveling for 5 months, he reached South America in the year 1520.

Question 5. Why was the Religious reformation started?
Answer: The Popes, instead of reforming the religion, showed interest in politics this was condemned by Italy’s Boccaccio, Holland’s Erasmus, and England’s John Wycliffe.

• The church opposed the translation of the Bible which was originally in Greek to other languages.

Question 6. Why did the Industrial revolution take place in England?
Answer: The important reasons for the Industrial revolution are

• Demand for finished goods rose.
• The traditional processes of production could not meet the demand.
• There was an intellectual awakening and the expectation of profit took root
• Better process of production.
• New methods in the fields of industry
• Changes in the Transport system.

Question 7. Mention the new scientific inventions which led to geographical discovery.
Answer: James Hargreaves invented the weaving machine called the spinning jenny in 1764.

• Richard Arkwright improved this spinning jenny, and in 1769, invented the water frame.
• Cartwright invented the weaving machine called the ‘power loom’ in 1785. Due to this, more cloth could be produced in a very short time.

KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Karnataka State Syllabus

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 9 Revolution and Unification Of Nations Points TO Remember

• Many kings believed in Divine Right Theory and were of the opinion that they were not answerable to citizens.
• The four major countries colonizing North America were France, Spain, Holland, and England.
• The influence of writers like Thomas Paine, John Adams, Samuel Adams, John Edward Coke, and Benjamin Franklin was responsible for the American war of Independence.
• A group of 50 people dressed like Red Indians entered the ship and threw about 340 cartons of tea into the sea. This was called The Boston Tea Party.
• The Philadelphia Conference appointed George Washington as its commander.
• On the 4th of July 1776, the Philadelphia National Conference adopted the famous Declaration of Independence. This had cut off their political relations with the motherland and has become free.
• With the help of the French army, George Washington defeated the British army in the battle of Yorktown.
• July 4th is celebrated as Independence Day in Garibaldi joined the Young Italy army and America.
• Putting an end to the dictatorial rule of their kings and establishing a socio-political system based on equality and democracy was the main purpose of the French revolution.
• There were three classes in French society. The first class consisted of the clergy, the second was that of aristocrats and the third consisted of ordinary citizens.
• Bourbon dynasty’s Louis XVI lived in the grand palace at Versailles with members of the royal family and courtiers.
• Louis XVI’s wife Mary Antoinette was squandering money for her personal indulgences and festivals.
• Famous philosophers and intellectuals Montesquieu, Rousseau, and Voltaire encouraged the rebels with their revolutionary writings.
• Montesquieu, in his book ‘Spirit of Laws, condemned the Divine Rights of kings and declared support for a constitutional government.

• Rousseau in his work ‘Social Contract’ observed, “Man is independent at birth, but is found chained everywhere.”
• On the 14th of July 1789, they attacked the state Chiprison at Bastille and released all the prisoners, thereby putting an end to the dictatorial rule.
• A group called Jacobites who wanted harsh reforms came to power.
• The leader of the Jacobites group Robespierre subjected all those who supported the king to the machine called the guillotine which was invented for massacres.
• Lombardi, Venetia, Sicily, Naples (both Sicilian states), the Pope’s states, Tuscany, Parma, and Modena were important parts of Italy.
• Joseph Mazzini, Count Cavour, and Garibaldi were the architects of Italy’s unification.
• Mazzini provoked the youth of Italy through his writings in the book Italy, Austria, Papacy.
• Garibaldi joined the Young Italy army and assumed leadership of the revolution.
• The Sardinian Prime Minister Count Cavour was an important person in the unification of Italy and he began a newspaper Risorgimento meant for the rejuvenation of Italian literature.

• Germany was a cluster of independent states like Wattenberg, Bavaria, Baden, Heads, etc.
• The architect of the unification of Germany was Otto Von Bismarck and He was the chief minister of the King of Prussia, Williams I.
• Otto-Von-Bismarck knew that German. unification was possible only by Prussia and desired to do so under the leadership of Prussia.
• Bismarck was aware that to resolve the situation, only the ‘blood and steel’ philosophy would work.
• The Prussian king, William I, was bestowed with the title of the German emperor.

Revolution And Unification Of Nations Class 9 History Notes 

Revolution and Unification Of Nations Textual Questions And Answers

Fill in the blanks with suitable words

1. The 13 colonies established by England on the Atlantic coast were called The New English Colonies
2. The representatives of the 13 colonies met in 1774 at Philadelphia
3. Declaration of America’s independence was on 4th July 1776
4. The writer of Spirit of Laws was Montesquieu
5. The party ‘Young Italy’ was formed by Mazzini
6. The philosophy of ‘blood and steel’ was advocated by Bismarck

Revolution and Unification Of Nations Answer the following questions.

Question 1. Mention the reasons for the American War of Independence.
Answer: The reasons for the American War of Independence are

• The rise of nationalism among the people of the colonies
• The desire for independence among the colonies
• The effects of the 7 years’ war
• The naval regulations
• Influence of writers like Thomas Paine, John Adams, Samuel Adams, John Edward Coke, and Benjamin Franklin
• The Quebec regulation
• The Townsend taxes and
• The Boston tea party

Question 2. Explain the significance of the American war of independence.
Answer:

• The war acted as an inspiration for the French Revolution.
• Many of the French who fought assisting the colonial army became leaders of the French revolution.
• Many of the Spanish and Portuguese colonies n America got inspired to become free
• The new nation called the United States of America was born.

Revolution And Unification Of Nations Class 9 Textbook Solutions 

Question 3. How were economic factors responsible for the French revolution?
Answer: The economic factors responsible for the French revolution were

• France was an agriculture-dominated nation.
• In spite of advances in agricultural practices, production lagged behind.
• The yield from the land was very low.
• The farmers were the most affected.
• Famines were frequent.
• There used to be revolts and riots for food. Industries were under the control of trade unions.
• Productivity was low.

Question 4. What was the role of Garibaldi in Italy’s unification?
Answer: The role of Garibaldi in Italy’s unification is

• Garibaldi was a soldier and fighter.
• He joined the Young Italy army and assumed leadership of the revolution.
• He constituted an army called Red Brigade and with the help of Sardinia, fought with Austria.
• He fought against the twin states of Sicily using his Red Brigade.
• He hastened national integration and 2. In the list ‘A’ group of leaders and in list ‘B’ pressed for democratic reforms.

Question 5. Who was the architect of the unification of Germany? Write a note to him.
Answer:

• Otto-Von-Bismarck was the architect of the unification of Germany
• He was the chief minister of the King of Prussia, Williams I.
• He had begun his career as a government servant, a member of the assembly, i.e., Diet, and as an ambassador in various nations, and had gained a lot of popularity.
• He was aware of the German states association under the leadership of Austria He knew about the activities and weaknesses of the German states’ association.
• He had knowledge of the strengths and weaknesses of Austria, France, and Prussia.
• He knew that German unification was possible only through Prussia
• He desired to do so under the leadership of Prussia.
• Bismarck was aware that to resolve the situation, only the ‘blood and steel’ philosophy would work.

Class 9 Social Science Revolution And Unification Of Nations Answers 

Revolution and Unification Of Nations Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the answer sheet provided:

Question 1. The architects of Italian Unification were

1. Bismarck and Kaiser
2. Louise XIV and Dante
3. George Washington and Lincoln
4. Count Cavour, Garibaldi and Mazzini

Answer: 4.Count Cavour, Garibaldi and Mazzini

Question 2. The first President of the U.S.A. was

1. Abraham Lincoln
2. John Kennedy
3. Jimmy Carter
4. George Washington

Answer: 4. George Washington

Class 9 Social Science Chapter 9 Revolution And Unification Notes 

Question 3. The significance of the 4th July Philadelphia National Conference was

1. 13 Colonies of America declared free themselves from the British
2. The British established 13 colonies in America
3. The British and American signed the Treaty of Paris
4. The Boston Tea party had taken Place

Answer: 1. 13 Colonies of America declared free themselves from the British

Revolution and Unification Of Nations Answer the following questions in a sentence each:

Question 1. Why were the people not happy with European Kings?
Answer: Many kings believed in Divine Right Theory and were of the opinion that they were not answerable to citizens.

Question 2. Name the four major countries which colonized North America.
Answer: The four major countries colonizing North America were France, Spain, Holland, and England.

Question 3. What is the Boston Tea Party?
Answer: A group of 50 people dressed like Red Indians entered the ship and threw about 340 cartons of tea into the sea. This was called The Boston Tea Party.

Class 9 Revolution And Unification Of Nations Short Answers 

Question 4. Why was the French Revolution organised?
Answer: Putting an end to the dictatorial rule of their kings and establishing a socio-political system based on equality and democracy was the main purpose of the French revolution.

Question 5. Who are the architects of Italy’s unification?
Answer: Joseph Mazzini, Count Cavour, and Garibaldi were the architects of Italy’s unification.

Revolution and Unification Of Nations Answer the following questions in 2-4 sentences each:

Question 1. Name of the writers who influenced Americans during the American war of Independence.
Answer: The influence of writers like Thomas Paine, John Adams, Samuel Adams, John Edward Coke, and Benjamin Franklin was responsible for the American war of Independence.

Question 2. How did the French philosophers play their role in the French Revolution?
Answer:

• Famous philosophers and intellectuals Montesquieu, Rousseau, and Voltaire encouraged the rebels with their revolutionary writings.
• Montesquieu, in his book ‘Spirit of Laws, condemned the Divine Rights of kings and declared support for a constitutional government.
• Rousseau in his work ‘Social Contract’ observed, “Man is independent at birth, but is found chained everywhere.”

Question 3. How did the Jacobites fight in the French Revolution?
Answer:

• A group called Jacobites who wanted harsh reforms came to power.
• The leader of the Jacobites group Robespierre subjected all those who supported the king to the machine called the guillotine which was invented for massacres.

Question 4. Name important places that Italy required for unification.
Answer: Lombardi, Venetia, Sicily, Naples (both Sicilian states), the Pope’s states, Tuscany, Parma, and Modena were important parts of Italy.

Karnataka Class 9 Social Science Model Question Papers 2023 Set 6

Choose the correct alternative and Write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the sheet provided:

Question 1. John closely associated with Jesus as he

1. Had predicted the birth of Jesus Christ.
2. Had helped the Jews arrest Jesus Christ.
3. Went against Jesus Christ’s teaching.
4. Was a disciple of Jesus Christ.

Answer: 1. Had predicted the birth of Jesus Christ

Question 2. The Industrial Revolution took place in

1. England
2. America
3. India
4. Russia

Answer: 1. England

Question 3. The term of the office of the governor is

1. 6 years
2. 4 years
3. 5 years
4. 12 years

Answer: 3.5 years

Question 4. The Article which provides parliament is

1. Article 79
2. Article 54
3. Article 55
4. Article 75

Answer: 1. Article 79

Question 5. The language which gives birth to many languages is

1. Hindi
2. English
3. Urdu
4. Sanskrit

Answer: 4. Sanskrit

Question 6. The first Green Airport in India is

1. Anna International airport
2. Rajiv Gandhi International Airport
3. Thiruvananthapuram International Airport
4. Kempe Gowda International Airport

Answer: 4. Kempe Gowda International Airport

Class 9 Karnataka Social Science Sample papers Set 6 Solutions 

Question 7. Nandi Hill Station is located in

1. Chikballapur
2. Doddabalpura
3. Bengaluru Urban
4. Bengaluru Rural

Answer: 1.Chikballapur

Question 8.The resource which occupies greater importance in the production of goods and services

1. Natural resource
2. Capital Resource
3. Mineral resource
4. Human resource

Answer: 4. Human resource

Question 9. The First Stock Exchange was started in India in the year

1. 1875 C.E.
2. 1892 C.E.
3. 1885 C.E.
4. 1888 C.E.

Answer: 1.1875 C.E.

Question 10.The bank which is functioning as an autonomous body is

1. EXIM Bank
2. Industrial Development Bank of India
3. Industrial Financial Corporation of India
4. State Finance Corporation

Answer: 2. Industrial Development Bank of India

Fill in the blanks:

1. The highest court of law is the Supreme court
2. The Indian Red Cross Society was established in the year 1920 C E.
3. Nomadism is the way of life as stated by Encyclopedia Britannica
4. The district which has more females is Udupi.
5. Food For Work Programme was introduced in the year 1977 C E.

Match the following
A                                                                  B
Bartholomew Dias              Discovered Bahamas in West Indies
Vasco-da-Gama                   Discovered Cape of Good Hope
Christopher Columbus        Reached Calicut in India
Amerigo Vespucci                Reached Brazil
Kabral                                    Discovered America.
                                               The first to go round
                                               Climbed a hill near Panama Strait
                                               Reached Spain

Answer: 
A                                                    B
Bartholomew Dias                    Discovered Cape of Good Hope
Vasco-da-Gama                        Reached Calicut in India
Christopher Columbus              Discovered Bahamas in West Indies
Amerigo Vespucci                     Discovered America.
Kabral                                        Reached Brazil

Answer the following

Question 1. Who is the proponent of Advaita philosophy?
Answer: Shankaracharya is a proponent of the Advaita philosophy.

Question 2. Why is the Muslim saint called Sufis?
Answer: Since they wore coarse woolen clothing called suf, these Muslim saints were called ‘Sufis’

Question 3. How was the land tax fixed during the Mughal period?
Answer: Land tax was fixed on the basis of the fertility of the land

Question 4. What is the condition that must be followed by Supreme Court judges after their resignation or retirement?
Answer: After their resignation or retirement, the judges cannot practice before any court.

Question 5. Define Secularism.
Answer: Secularism means that every citizen enjoys the freedom to practice the religion he desires.

Question 6. Who are the agents of socialization?
Answer: The agents of socialization are age, experience, the influence of elders, and the influence of the same age group.

Karnataka Class 9 Social Science Model Papers 2023 Set 6 

Question 7. Why does the competition increasing day by day?
Answer: The competition increases day by day because it is depending on income generation but not on social health.

Question 8. What is Fallow land?
Answer: Land which has not been cultivated for more than two or three years is called fallow land.

Question 9. What is included in agriculture?
Answer: Animal husbandry, poultry, bee-keeping, and sericulture are included in agriculture.

Question 10. Why is population growth decreasing in Karnataka?
Answer: The reason for decreasing population growth is awareness about family planning programs, literacy programs, birth control, etc.

Question 11. Why did kings and emperors construct roads?
Answer: Kings and emperors constructed roads for the use of their soldiers and for administrative purposes.

Question 12. What is the poverty line?
Answer: The estimated minimum level of income needed to secure the basic necessities of life.

Question 13. What is the indicator framed to measure the amount of hunger?
Answer: Global Hunger Index (GHI) is the indicator framed to measure the amount of hunger.

Question 14. Is Social change necessary? Why?
Answer: Yes It is necessary for the all-round development of human society

Answer the following

Question 1. What were the main preachings of Madhwacharya?
Answer:
Madhwacharya advocated the Dwaitha philosophy:

• He stated that the human soul and the Divine soul are separate.
• According to him, the world is not may an illusion li is as true as Paramatma or the Divine Soul.
• Between these, the Divine soul is independent and the rest of the world is illusionary.
• The Divine soul and the human soul have a Lord and Servant relation respectively.
• Worship of Lord Vishnu can elevate the human soul and thus enable it to attain moksha.

Question 2. The condition of slaves in the medieval period was pathetic. Justify.
Answer: The slave owners had made slaves their private property. They did lowly jobs and were ill-treated. They had constant threats of punishment.

Question 3. How was nationalism developed in Europe?
Answer: In order to secure their own welfare, the middle class supported the kings and played a major role in the birth and growth of nationalism. A strong nationalistic view or patriotism had its own good and bad effects. These nations were responsible for ending the anarchy of the feudal period. They inspired people of similar cultures to come together under the rule of one king.

Question 4. How did the American war of independence influence the French?
Answer: The American war of independence influenced the French tremendously. Many of the French who fought against the British in America returned to their motherland. They encouraged the rebels by giving them all support and played a pivotal role in the revolution.

Question 5. Explain the Coalition government.
Answer: Pre-poli/or Post-poll alliance helps political parties to din together to form the government when there is a hung parliament or assembly. Such a .. government formed with the cooperation of different political parties is called a ‘Coalition Government’.

Question 6. Which are the factors that made us feel one naturally?
Answer: The Himalayan Mountain Range, the Bay of Bengal, the Indian Ocean, and the Arabian Sea have cut India off from the rest of the world and made us feel one naturally. Further, the singing of the National Anthem by all Indians enables us to achieve solidarity.

Karnataka Class 9 Social Science Exam Pattern Set 6 2023 

Question 7. What are the characteristics of social changes?
Answer:
The characteristics of social changes are:

• Social change is a continuous process
• It is universal
• It varies in form and speed
• It shows the chain relation sequence

Question 8. Karnataka is a unique state in India. Why?
Answer: Karnataka is blessed with diverse relief features, flora and fauna, different types of soil, river systems, minerals, and human resources.

Question 9. Mention the important physical divisions of Karnataka.
Answer:
Karnataka can be divided into three important physical divisions:

• The Coastal Plain
• The Malnad region and
• The Maidan region
• Northern Maidan
• Southern Maidan

Question 10. Name the important rivers of Karnataka.
Answer:
The important rivers of Karnataka are:

• The Krishna, the Cauvery, the Pennar, and Palar Rivers flows eastwards and join the Bay of Bengal.
• The Sharavathi, Kali, Gangavali (Bedti), Netravathi, Varahi, Aghanashini, etc flow westwards and join the Arabian Sea

Question 11. Karnataka state is the best place for tourism. Why?
Answer:

• Karnataka is one of the many states in India which has very famous tourist spots.
• Karnataka has many natural scenic places, for instance, the evergreen Sahyadri ranges with their rivers,
• waterfalls, beautiful valleys, wiki animals, sandalwood forests, etc.
• The attractive coastlines, historical places, temples with grand sculptures, religious centers, places of pilgrimage, etc attract people from the state and foreign countries.

Question 12. Which are the important minerals available in Karnataka?
Answer: The important minerals available in Karnataka are iron ore, gold, manganese, limestone, copper, bauxite, chromites, mica, asbestos, and granite.

Question 13. Karnataka is famous for a variety of industries. Why?
Answer: With abundant mineral resources, raw materials, an ideal climate, sufficient water, a good transport system, skilled laborers, a wide market, and modern technology, Karnataka is famous for a variety of industries.

Question 14. What are the types of unemployment?
Answer:
The types of unemployment are:

1. Urban employment
2. Rural employment

Question 15. How can the ledger be balanced?
Answer: After a particular period or as and when required the business concerns should know their financial position or stability. For this purpose, the accounts that are maintained in the ledger have to be balanced. Balancing of the ledger is called striking the balance.

Answer the following

Question 1. What were the consequences of religious reformation?
Answer:
The consequences of religious reformation were:

• A humanitarian approach to life gained popularity.
• Scientific knowledge grew about the world.
• Knowledge of the movement of astronomical bodies expanded
• Geographical exploration was possible by using sea routes.
• The industrial revolution became a reality.
• Dogmas were condemned.
• Progressive thinking gained momentum.
• The religious reformation movement was started. (OR)

Question 1. Explain the military achievements of Babar.
Answer:
The military achievements of Babar were:

• Babar invaded India five times.
• He established the Moghul dynasty in India by defeating the Delhi sultan Ibrahim Lodhi in the battle of Panipat in 1526 A.D.
• He defeated Rana Sangramsingh of Mewad, the Rajput king Mediniraya of Chanderi, and Ibrahim Lodhi’s brother, Mohammad Lodhi.
• Babar conquered Panipath, Godhra, and Kanwa.

Question 2. Which are the Directive Principles of State Policies mentioned in the Indian constitution?
Answer:
The Directive Principles of State Policy are:

• To provide adequate means of livelihood to all citizens.
• To prevent the community’s wealth and resources from becoming the private property of a few people.
• To provide equal pay for equal work to both men and women and to protect labor welfare.
• To provide public assistance to those who are old, sick and weak, or helpless.
• To implement a Uniform Civil Code throughout the country.
• To provide opportunities for the development of health and preschool education to all children below 6 years.
• To protect historical monuments and maintain places of historical interest.
• To separate the Executive from the Judiciary. (OR)

Question 2. What are the discretionary powers of the Governor?
Answer: The Governor uses his discretionary powers while appointing the Chief Minister of the State. He may also withhold the bill passed by the legislature and send it to the President. He recommends to the President declare an emergency in the State. He dismisses the Cabinet or dissolves the Legislative Assembly.

Karnataka Social Science Class 9 Model Paper 2023 Set 6 Details 

Question 3. Differentiate between Nuclear family and Joint family.
Answer:
The characteristics of a joint family are:

• Large in size
• Co-ordination and Co-operation
• Residence and Kitchen
• Religion
• Self-sufficient unit
• Exercise of authority

The characteristics of a nuclear family are

• Privacy
• personal happiness
• Property rights,
• Changed social values
• Advances in science and technology
• Urbanization
• Principles of democracy and equality (OR)

Question 3. Explain the different types of rural communities.
Answer:
There are different types of rural communities. They are:

• Centralized villages:- Houses are located in the form of land.
• Villages of bifurcated houses and farmland:- They are found in the coastal region and in irrigated areas of the Raichur district of Karnataka.
• Scattered group villages:- Villages are located in hilly areas add in the uplands districts of Karnataka.
• Village of line houses: – Families are located on both sides of the road.
• Moon-shaped villages:- The village is surrounded by a temple masjid, church tank, etc.
• Square-shaped villages:- Villages are the same as line villages. Lines are parallel
• Joint road and market village:- Houses are located where two or more roads join together.

Question 4. How does Karnataka state get rainfall during the rainy season?
Answer:

• The Rainy Season is also known as the season of South-West Monsoon winds.
• The Western Ghats check the moisture-laden winds blowing from the Arabian Sea resulting in heavy rain whereas the eastern maidan remains as the rain shadow area.
• Agumbe, Bhagamandala, and Hulikal are places of heavy rainfall. Nayana Hatti
• Karnataka receives about 80% of its rainfall. (OR)

Question 4. What are the geographical factors required for the cultivation of Ragi?
Answer:
The factors essential to cultivate Ragi are:

• Ragi’s botanical name is ‘Eleusine Coracana’.
• It is a tropical crop.
• High temperature, moderate rainfall, red sandy, and loamy soils
  are suitable for this crop.
• It can withstand very severe droughts.
• Many laborers are needed to transplant ragi saplings
• Pull out the weeds to harvest and store ragi.
• It is an important Kharif crop.
• It can be grown even during the summer season by using irrigation.

Question 5. How can we overcome the problem of food scarcity?
Answer:
The solution to overcome the problem of food scarcity are:

• Buy organic food or locally-grown produce.
• Have a kitchen garden (by doing this you cut down on pollution from shipping, fertilizers, packaging, etc and your food is fresher!).
• Bring your own bags to the store (canvas or reused plastic/paper).
• Buy and eat fewer processed foods. (Processed foods have been frozen, canned, or packaged before coming to your table)
• Instead of drinking, juice pox, eat a piece of fruit Eat less meat and dairy – you can get protein from other sources, too Eat at home instead of ordering out (OR)

Question 5. How is the quality of the population judged?
Answer: The quality of the population can be judged by the education, skills, and health level of people, intelligence and skill, utilize the natural resources properly, the size population, growth rate, age distribution, quality, etc

Social Science Class 9 practice Paper Set 6 Karnataka Board 

Question 6. Explain briefly the purposes for which long-term finance is required by business concerns.
Answer: Long-term finance refers to finance required for the development programs such as the expansion of the level of production, modernization of production methods, etc., This type of finance is also required for financing the fixed capital of an undertaking. Example: To procure fixed assets, establish new undertaking, etc (OR)

Question 6. What factors are to be kept in mind, while taking a decision?
Answer:
The following factors are to be kept in mind while taking decisions are:

• Analyzing the problem.
• Planning of course of action.
• Maintaining courage Maintaining patience.
• Farsightedness.
• Ability to take a quick and wise decisions.

Answer the following

Question 1. Explain the economic condition of Vijayanagar
Answer:

• Social system: The society was based on Varna based social system. However, there was also an occupation-based caste system. There were many skilled artisans, blacksmiths, goldsmiths, bell-metal smiths, carpenters, weavers, and cobblers in the society. The practices of child marriage, sati, and devadasi systems were prevalent. Though monogamy was a common practice, kings and rich people had many wives. Women enjoyed a dignified status in society. There were female wrestlers and female palace guards. Holi, Deepavali, and Dasara festivals were celebrated publicly. Dasara festival used to be celebrated with pomp and glory at Hampi under royal patronage. Music and dance enjoyed great popularity.
• Economic System: Land tax was the main source of revenue for the kingdom. Farmers used to give 1/4 of their income to the government in the form of tax. Professional tax, revenue tax, road tax, market tax, commercial tax, import and export taxes, and tributes from the vassals were the other forms of revenue to the kingdom. Agriculture was the backbone of the economy. People grew different kinds of crops throughout the year. Jowar, ragi, paddy, wheat, lentils, and pulses like green gram, black gram, sugar, sesame seeds, groundnuts, cotton, sugarcane, and coconut were the main crops. The Vijayanagar kings constructed wells, tanks, and canals to encourage irrigation and agriculture. There were five kinds of practices of land holdings like geni, gutting, siddhaya, vara, and gadi (tenancy, lease holdings, and other kinds). The Vijayanagar empire had achieved great progress in the field of industries and commerce. Spices like pepper, cloves, cardamom, salt Petre, iron ore, diamonds, granulated sugar, musk, Sandalwood perfume, etc. were exported by them. There were important textile industries. Coins of different denominations like gold coins, gadyaana, pagoda, silver coins, and copper coins were in use.

Karnataka Class 9 Social Science Model Question Papers 2023 Set 8

Choose the correct alternative and Write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the sheet provided:

Question 1. Jews fundamentalists started opposing Jesus as he

1. Began to reject the religious dogmas
2. Made friends with Roman Empire
3. Went against Charlemagne of Rome
4. Opposed the concept of the Earth is the Kingdom of God.

Answer: 1. Began to reject the religious dogmas

Question 2. The birthplace Renaissance was

1. Germany
2. Istanbul
3. Italy
4. England

Answer: 3. Italy

Question 3. The strength of Mizoram and Goa are

1. 40 members
2. 45 members
3. 50 members
4. 30 members

Answer: 1. 40 members

Question 4. The Rajyasabha is a permanent body because

1. It cannot be dissolved like the Lok Sabha.
2. The term of Rajyasabha is 6 years.
3. The member of Rajyasabha is elected by the member of the State Assembly.
4. The member of the Rajya Sabha is elected by the people.

Answer: 1. It cannot be dissolved like the Lok Sabha.

Question 5. Which one among the following is considered the core of all systems of society?

1. Family
2. School
3. Religion
4. Neighborhood

Answer: 1. Family

Question 6.The Golden Quadrilateral Plan related to the

1. State High Ways
2. National High Ways
3. Village Roads
4. District Roads

Answer: 2. National High Ways

Question 7. Which one among the following is NOT a site of World Heritage?

1. Hampi
2. Pattadakal
3. Western Ghats
4. Belluru

Answer: 4. Belluru

Class 9 Karnataka Social Science Sample Paper Set 8 Solutions 

Question 8. The number of years a person is expected to live life is called

1. Density of population
2. Ratio of population
3. Life expectancy
4. Ratio of age

Answer: 3. Life expectancy

Question 9.The bank which was a fully owned subsidiary bank of R.B.I till 1976 is

1. EXIM Bank
2. Industrial Development Bank of India
3. Industrial Financial Corporation of India
4. State Finance Corporation

Answer: 2. Industrial Development Bank of India

Question 10. The First Stock Exchange was started in India at

1. Mumbai
2. Kolkata
3. Bangalore
4. Delhi

Answer: 1. Mumbai

Fill in the blanks:

1. The Supreme Court of India came into existence on January 28, 1950
2. The main objective of our defense policy is protecting Nation
3. Change is the law of Nature
4. The average literacy rate of Karnataka in 2011 was 75.6%.
5. The working age group refers to 15 to 60 years.

Match the following
            A                                             B
Ghulami dynasty                          Sikandar
Khilji dynasty                                Babur
Tughlaq dynasty                           Akbar
Sayyed dynasty                            Khizarkhan
Lodhi dynasty                              Jalaluddin
                                                    Iltamush
                                                    Chand Bardai
                                                    Ghiyasuddin

Answer: 
A                                              B
Ghulami dynasty                 Iltamush
Khilji dynasty                      Jalaluddin
Tughlaq dynasty                Ghiyasuddin
Sayyed dynasty                   Khizarkhan
Lodhi dynasty                      Sikandar

Answer the following

Question 1. What is the significance of Good Friday?
Answer: Jesus was crucified on the hillock of Golgotha by the Roman soldiers on Friday which is celebrated as Good Friday.

Question 2. Where do you find the philosophical thoughts and teachings of Chaitanya?
Answer: We find the philosophical thoughts and teachings of Chaitanya in a book called Chaitanya Charitamruta”.

Question 3. What was the contribution of Mohammad Gawan to education?
Answer: Mohammad Gawan established a Madrasa (college) at Bidar to encourage the study of the Islamic religion and law.

Question 4. Why is the Criminal Court set up?
Answer: The court takes up crimes like murder, robbery, dacoity, etc. It has the power to issue death sentences and also life imprisonment sentences.

Question 5. What is the present strength of the Rajya Sabha?
Answer: The present strength of the Rajya Sabha is 250 members

Question 6. What is Joint Family?
Answer: The family consisting of a grandfather-grandmother, father-mother, children, and grandchildren is called a Joint family.

Question 7. What is a Village?
Answer: According to Bogardus‘ Village community is the union of a small density of population, simple and low expenditure, and life with a primary relationship.

Karnataka Class 9 Social Science Model Paper 2023 Set 8 

Question 8. Why is the Finished Goods Parks established?
Answer: In order to improve the situation in the textile industry in Karnataka, the State government has formulated a program ‘ Suvarna Textile Policy 2008-13’, and has established ‘Finished Goods Parks’ in 11 districts.

Question 9. Nowadays, areas growing cotton are dwindling. Why?
Answer: Nowadays, areas growing cotton are dwindling due to pests, and diseases have become major problems.

Question 10. What is Jowar’s botanical name?
Answer: Jowar ‘s botanical name is ‘Sorghum Vulgare.

Question 11. Who is literate?
Answer: A person who knows to read and write is called a literate.

Question 12. What is public distribution system?
Answer: The food grains collected by the Food Corporation of India are distributed to poor people at low prices through government-controlled fair-price depots. This is called the public distribution system.

Question 13. Why is the ‘Yashaswini’ scheme introduced?
Answer: Health insurance is being provided to poor people under the ‘Yashaswini’ scheme.

Question 14. Why is the journal entry also called the book of original entries?
Answer: Since the full particulars of the transactions are recorded first in the Journal. It is called the book of original entries.

Answer the following

Question 1. What are the rituals and principles of Islam?
Answer:
The main rituals and principles of Islam are:

• Kalima- Belief only in Allah. Mohammed is his Prophet.
• Namaz- Prayer of Allah five times a day.
• Roza- Fasting in the month of Ramzan.
• Zakath- Definite sum to be spared in the income to give the poor.
• Haj- Pilgrimage to Mecca once in lifetimes.

Question 2. Which were important hierarchies among the feudal lords?
Answer: There were hierarchies among the feudal lords. Important among them were the Dukes, Earls, Barons, Knights, etc.

Question 3. How did the French thinkers influence the citizen during the revolution?
Answer:

• Montesquieu, in his book Spirit of Laws, condemned the Divine Rights of kings and declared support for a constitutional government.
• Rousseau in his work ‘Social Contract’ observed, “Man is independent at birth, but is found chained everywhere.”
• Voltaire condemned the traditions of French society, monotheism, and blind beliefs. He also questioned the Roman Catholic Church.

Question 4. What were the aims of Bismarck to achieve unification of Germany?
Answer: Firstly, to drive out Austria from the German states’ association. Secondly, instead of losing its identity with Germany, convert Germany into Prussia. That meant inculcating the culture and traditions and spreading the administrative machinery and military power all over Germany.

Question 5. How is the President of India elected?
Answer:

• Articles 54 and 55 of the Constitution stipulate the way the President should be elected.
• The President is elected by an electoral college of elected members of both Houses of
• Parliament, all elected members of the legislative assemblies of all States, New Delhi, and Pondicherry.

Question 6. How is the media helpful for the efficient administration of the Government?
Answer:

• The day-to-day information about the happenings is provided by the media.
• It helps the people to know the plans and policies of the government.
• It helps the government to know about the views of the people on important issues.
• Media make the representatives accountable and answerable to issues to issues raised by the people.
• It also must provide truthful, fearless, and unbiased views.

Question 7. Explain the characteristics of unity in diversity.
Answer:
The characteristics of unity in diversity are:

• It is related to the equality of caste, religion, race gender, region, etc.
• It tells us not to see others on the basis of social economic inequality.
• It supports the conflict less peaceful and non-violence life.

Karnataka Class 9 Social Science Exam Pattern Set 8 2023 

Question 8. Explain Konkan Railways.
Answer: Konkan Railway is the most important railway route on the West Coast. It links Mangaluru and Mumbai and has reduced the time for traveling from 41 hrs to 18 hrs. Its length is 273 km with 13 main and 310 other bridges. Since this railway passes through many tunnels and across bridges, one can enjoy the natural beauty and scenery.

Question 9. Why do people visit tourist places?
Answer: People go to different places from their places to satisfy their curiosity, for religious celebrations for peace of mind for relaxation, to see picturesque places, to seek happiness, and to the improvement of health. This is called touring. Tourist centers have facilities to stay and eat. So people stay there and visit tourist places.

Question 10. Name the places in Karnataka where iron ore is available.
Answer: Iron ore is mainly distributed in the districts of Ballari, Chikkamagaluru, Bagalkot, Chitradurga, Tumakuru, Shivamogga, Dakshina Kannada, Uttara Kannada, and Gadag. Ballari has rich deposits and they are mainly found in Hospet and Sandur areas. Iron ore is extracted at Donimalai, Vibhutigudda, Belagala, Kumaraswamy Hills, Timmappana Gudi, Devadri range, and Ramadurga Hills.

Question 11.Which districts are located in the Northern Maidan?
Answer: The districts of Bidar, Vijayapura, Kalaburagi, Yadgiri, Gadag, Koppal, Raichur, Ballari, Haveri, Bagalkot, and some parts of Dharwad and Belagavi districts are located in the Northern maidan.

Question 12. How does Karnataka get its name?
Answer: The name ‘Karnataka’ has been in use since ancient times. This land used to be called ‘Karunadu’ (kar+nadu = a land of black soil). The word ‘Karunaf refers to Karnataka in the ancient Tamil work ‘Shilappadikaram% Karunat means the land which is on an elevated plateau.

Question 13. Write a short note on Cauvery.
Answer: The Cauvery is the most important river of Karnataka. It is known as ‘Dakshina Ganga’. It originates at Talacauvery in Kodagu district and flows 804 km through Karnataka and Tamil Nadu eastwards. This river is most useful for agriculture, power generation, and drinking water supply.

Question 14. Differentiate between the Organized sector and the Unorganized sector.
Answer: Organized sector covers those enterprises which are registered by the government and have to follow its rules and regulations. For example, Reliance Industries Ltd., Tata Steel Ltd., etc. On the other hand, the unorganized sector includes those small and scattered units which are largely outside the control of the government. Though there are rules and regulations these are never followed, here. For example, casual workers in construction, roadside business, shops, etc. In this sector, there is no job security, and the conditions of employment are also very tough. That is why it is also called the informal sector.

Question 15. Why does a business need accounting?
Answer: The concern earns profit through the transactions of the business, such as the purchase of goods, sale of goods, receipt of incomes, expenses, incurring losses, etc, to know the result of all these things is very important. It is necessary to know the net profit earned or the loss suffered. It is also required to know the amounts due by the firm to others or due to the firm by others. For all these purposes it is very essential to write down accounts.

Answer the following

Question 1. Explain the army of the Vijayanagar Empire.
Answer:

• Vijayanagar had a mighty army.
• It consisted of three hierarchies of permanent troops, troops sent by vassal states, and troops of royal guards.
• The infantry, cavalry, elephants, and cannons were the main divisions of the army.
• Camions began to be used in wars from 1368 C.E. onwards.
• There were mammoth elephants.
• Horses brought from Arabia were a major attraction at Vijayanagar.
• There was a naval squad in the army.
• Forts and moats played an important role during the wars. (OR)

Question 1. What were the reasons for geographical explorations?
Answer:
Reasons for geographical explorations were:

• The Turks conquered Constantinople in 1453 A.D.
• Spain and Portugal were ambitious in competing with Arabs in sea trade.
• The Discovery of new countries opened the possibility of spreading Christianity.
• European curiosity was roused by the adventurous nature of sea voyages toward eastern countries.
• Mariner’s compass and astrolabe equipment were helpful to sailors. Charts and maps were available to sailors.
• Europeans believed that China was a fertile place to make a profit.

Karnataka Social Science Class 9 Model Paper Set 8 Details 

Question 2. Make a list of the Fundamental Duties.
Answer:
The Fundamental Duties are:

• To respect the Constitution, National Flag, and National Anthem.
• To follow the noble ideals that inspired our National Struggle for Freedom.
• To protect the integrity of India,
• To defend the motherland when called upon to do so.
• To promote the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India.
• To preserve our rich heritage.
• To protect and improve the natural environment.
• To develop the scientific temper and the spirit of inquiry.
• To safeguard public property and to abstain from violence.
• To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activities.
• Parents or guardians should provide an opportunity for education to their children from the age of 6 to 14 years. (OR)

Question 2. Write a note on the qualifications and tenure of the Governor.
Answer:
Qualifications:

• Should be a citizen of India.
• Should not be less than 35 years of age.
• Should not hold any office of profit under the Government.
• Should not be a Member of either Parliament or State Legislature. If he is a Member of either, he should resign from that post when he is appointed as the Governor.

Term of Office: The term of office of the Governor is 5 years. However, he continues to occupy the post even after the completion of this term till a successor is appointed. The President may recall the Governor on the recommendations of the Union Council of Ministers before the expiry of his term.

Question 3. Family is the basic unit for all social activities. Justify.
Answer:

• It is a basic institution of society.
• All the activities of society are conducted on the basis of the family.
• Any activities of the social institution start from the family.
• It helps to bud the political economical, educational, and several ‘ activities of the society.
• It had been given some work to other institutions of society. (OR)

Question 3. Explain the characteristics of the nomadic community.
Answer:
The characteristics of a nomadic community are:

• Nomadism for life
• Temporary Shelters:
• Zero or no investment jobs:
• Universal Beings
• Different Mother tongue

Question 4. Differentiate between Mixed Forests and Grasslands and Shrubs.
Answer:

• Mixed Forests: The growing of evergreen and deciduous trees together form mixed forests. Areas receiving 120 to 150 cm annual rainfall have this kind of forest. For example, Udupi, some parts of Uttara Kannada, Dakshina Kannada, Eastern parts of Kodagu, Chikkamagaluru, Hassan, and Mysuru districts. Teak, kino, Mahogany, Axle, Sandal, Jack, and bamboo grow in abundance. These trees have commercial value.
• Grasslands and Shrubs: Areas receiving less than 60 cm annual rainfall have this kind of vegetation. Due to scanty rain and dry weather, there is short grass, thorny shrubs, and scrub vegetation, for example; cactus, acacias, babul, Bela, palm trees, Ranchi, Kunti grass, etc. Occasionally banyan, neem, peepul tree, and palas trees grow here and there. This type of Vegetation is seen in Bidar, Kalaburagi, Yadgir, Raichur, Koppal, Vijayapura, Ballad, Chitradurga, and other areas. (OR)

Question 4. What are the geographical factors required for the cultivation of Sugarcane?
Answer:

• Sugar cane is a tropical crop.
• It is grown in areas with high temperatures and heavy rainfall or good irrigation facility.
• Sandy loamy soil and red soil are suitable for the cultivation of sugarcane.
• Since sugarcane has to be transported to the factories as soon as it is harvested, there has to be a good transport facility.

Question 5. Differentiate between renewable and nonrenewable resources.
Answer:
Differences between renewable and nonrenewable resources are:

• The natural resources which get replenished as we use them are called renewable resources.
  Example-Water, are land, forest, air, etc…
• The natural resources which get depleted as we go on using them are called Non-renewable resources.
  Examples- are coal, petroleum, natural gas, etc… (OR)

Question 5. The governments work towards providing good education and health facilities to their citizens. Why?
Answer: People with knowledge, skill, and abilities form the human resource of that country. Since the population of adults is more in India, there is an increase in the workforce. If good education, training, and health facility are provided to human resources, they can be transformed into human capital. They possess the capability to increase the national income and transform society, that is, the population is an asset. If higher investment, is made in the education and health of children, they will be able to earn higher incomes in the future and make valuable contributions to society. Therefore, governments work towards providing good education and health facilities to their citizens.

Social Science Class 9 Practice Paper Set 8 Karnataka Board 

Question 6.“Issue of shares and debentures play a very important role in long-term credit.” What are they? How do they help?
Answer: The capital of a joint stock company is divided into small units called Shares. Debentures are debts or loans borrowed by companies. The shares and debentures are helpful in many ways they are Whenever they need additional capital for long-term purposes, the companies raise the funds through the issue of shares to the public. The joint-stock companies are empowered to borrow finance for meeting long-term financial requirements through the issue of Debentures. (OR)

Question 6. What are the main objectives of controlling areas?
Answer:
The main objectives of controlling area are:

• To create an atmosphere of order and discipline in the organization to ensure proper coordination of activities.
• To ensure confirmation of actual performance with the pre-determined plans.
• To achieve the increase of the overall efficiency of the organization.

Answer the following

Question 1. Explain the administration of the Mughals.
Answer:

• The Mughal rule was hereditary.
• The power was centralized in the ruler and he was the absolute ruler.
• They considered themselves emperors and called themselves ‘Badshahas’.
• iv)Badhshah was the absolute head of administration, military, and judiciary.
• He had ministers to assist him.
• He had absolute powers to appoint or remove ministers.
• Appointing mansabhars, providing land grants and formation of laws were the major functions of the king.
• Persian was the official language.
• The kingdom was divided into Parantha, Sarkar, and Paraganas. Wakil, Dewan, Mirbakshi, and Mukya Sadar were the important ministers in the central government.
• They were assisted by officers like Rajyapal, Bhakti, Vakiya Navis, Kotwal, Fouzudhar, Amal Gujar, and Bathikji.

Karnataka Class 9 Social Science Model Question Papers 2023

Choose the correct alternative and Write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the sheet provided:

Question 1. The First woman to rule Delhi was

1. Razia Sultana
2. Lakshmi Bai
3. Durgavathi
4. Padmini

Answer: 1. Razia Sultana

Question 2. The main teaching of Shankaracharya is

1. Path of knowledge is the way to attain moksha
2. Atma and Paramatma are two different entities
3. Upheld concept of Kayakave Kailasa
4. Atma and Parmatma are like masters and servant

Answer: 1. Path of knowledge is the way to attain moksha

Question 3.One who among the following is not elected by elected members of the Legislative Assembly?

1. The President of India
2. The members of the Rajya Sabha
3. The members of the Legislative Council
4. The members of the Lok Sabha

Answer: 4. The members of the Lok Sabha

Question 4. The presence of innumerable castes and caste-based associations is leading to

1. Communalism
2. Nationalism
3. Colonialism
4. Regionalism

Answer: 1. Communalism

Question 5. Children learn many things from peers that he cannot learn from their parents because their peer is

1. His age group
2. More than his age group
3. Neighbor of child
4. Relative of child

Answer: 1. His age group

Class 9 Karnataka Social Science Sample Papers With Answers 

Question 6.The person who believed in the motto of ‘Industrialize or perish’ was

1. Sir M.Vtsveswaraiah
2. Jawarhalal Nehru
3. Gandhiji
4. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar

Answer: 1.Sir M.Vtsveswaraiah

Question 7. Ibrahim Roza, a pilgrimage is located in

1. Gulbarga
2. Bidar
3. Raichur
4. Vijayapura

Answer: 4. Vijayapura

Question 8.4R strategy related to

1. Automobile engine
2. Conservation of resources
3. Research in science and technology
4. Software technology

Answer: 2. Conservation of resources

Question 9. The credit obtained by the suppliers of goods is

1. Advance from customers
2. Bank credit
3. Trade credit
4. The loan from indigenous bankers

Answer: 3. Trade credit

Question 10. The goods purchased at different places have to be collected at one central place It is known as

1. Assembling
2. Storage and warehousing
3. Transportation
4. Grading

Answer: 2. Storage and warehousing

Fill in the blanks:

1. The retirement age of the High Court judges is 62 years.
2. The Commander-in-Chief of our three Armed Forces is President.
3. ‘Theory of evolution was presented by Darwin.
4. The district which has more females is Udupi.
5. Labour is a Human input in production.

Match the following
A                                                           B
GurjaraPratihars dynasty            MoolarajaI
Garhwalas dynasty                      Dhanga
Parmar dynasty                           Chandradeva
Solankis dynasty                         Nagabhatta
Chandelas dynasty                      Prithviraj
                                                      Upendra Krishna Raja
                                                      Chand Bardai
                                                      Jayachandra

Answer:
GurjaraPratihars dynasty     –      Nagabhatta
Garhwalas dynasty              –      Chandradeva
Parmar dynasty                   –      Upendra Krishna Raja
Solankis dynasty                 –      MoolarajaI
Chandelas dynasty             –      Dhanga

Answer the following

Question 1. Why did Paigambar travel from Mecca to Medina in 622 AD?
Answer: Paigambar opposed polytheism strongly. The enraged people of Mecca conspired to murder him. So Paigambar traveled from Mecca to Medina to save his life in 622 AD.

Question 2.Why did Guru Nanak start ‘Langar’?
Answer: Guru Nanak started ‘Langar ’ a community kitchen where food is prepared and catered to all.

Question 3. What was the opinion of Robert Sewell on Krishnadevaraya?
Answer: Krishnadevaraya was an unparalleled warrior, shrewd commander, and political expert.

Karnataka Class 9 Social Science Model Papers Set 1 Solutions 

Question 4. Which are the cases undertaken by Lok Adalats?
Answer: Lok Adalats take up cases relating to vehicle accidents, land possession, banking, marriage and alimony, laborers’ problems, etc.

Question 5. Name the two Houses of Parliament.
Answer: Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha

Question 6. What is a ‘Nuclear Family’?
Answer: The family which consists of a father-mother and their unmarried children as members are called a Nuclear family.

Question 7. Define city.
Answer: A place that has more population and population density is called a City.

Question 8. There is an improvement in the yield production of cotton. Why?
Answer: As a result of the development of disease-tolerant and high-yield varieties of cotton by the Agricultural Research Institute.
Tie

Question 9. Why Tobacco is the most injurious to health?
Answer: Tobacco belongs to the nicotiana group. It contains an intoxicating substance called nicotine.

Question 10. Name the districts with the highest and the lowest density of population.
Answer: Bengaluru Urban district, has the first position with the largest population, and Kodagu district occupies the last position.

Question 11. What are District Roads?
Answer: Roads that link district headquarters with taluk headquarters, major towns, villages, railways, and major highways are called District roads.

Question 12. What is Global Hunger Index?
Answer: In order to measure the extent of hunger, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) calculates the country-wide hunger index and publishes it in its annual publication ‘Global Hunger Index (GHI)’.

Question 13. Which two aspects consist of the food security system?
Answer:

1. Buffer stock
2. Public Distribution System

Question 14. What is a Double entry system?
Answer: While entering the two aspects of the business we enter two aspects on opposite sides. This system is called the Double entry system.

Answer the following

Question 1. How was Christianity expanded?
Answer: Various nations of Europe established colonies in various parts of the world with the help of Geographical discoveries. They slowly emerged as strong political forces. In order to ensure their continuation of authority, they also supported Christianity. These developments resulted in the growth of Christianity in India and various other countries of the world swiftly.

Question 2. What was the relationship between the Vassal and laborers?
Answer: The vassals took the help of laborers for agriculture. These laborers were given land sufficient for survival as long as they worked with the vassals. They were not given any monetary returns.

Question 3. Why did the French citizen angry at Queen Mary Antoinette?
Answer: Mary Antoinette was the princess of Austria. She was squandering money for her personal indulgences and festivals. She had no concern for the problems of the people. She was interfering in the administration of the nation. People hated her since she was a foreigner and had no love for the French people. The king could not control her. Eventually, the situation went beyond control and led to a revolution.

Karnataka 9th Class Social Science Exam Pattern 2023 

Question 4. What was the condition of Germany before unification?
Answer: Germany was a cluster of independent states. Among them, the larger and more powerful states were Wittenberg, Bavaria, Baden, 1 lea, etc. The rest of them were small. They used to frequently attack each other. These states were politically weak and economically backward.

Question 5. The opposition leader of Lok Sabha is very important in a democratic system. Why?
Answer:
The opposition leader of Lok Sabha plays a very important role in the:

• Highlight the wrongdoings of the ruling government.
• Examine thoroughly the policies of the government.
• Keep the government, council of ministers and officials alert.
• Enjoys dignity in the legislature.

Question 6. Differentiate between regional and national parties.
Answer:
National Parties:

• These types of political parties have branches in many states of that particular nation.
• These are recognized nationwide.
• They have a respectable number of representatives in parliament and also in state legislatures.
• The national political parties are Indian National Congress, Bharatiya Janata Party, and Communist Party.

Regional parties:

• These have branches within that particular state in which it is recognized.
• Recognized within that particular state.
• They form their own government in the state. They also play a major role in making coalition government at the center or in the state.
• Some of the regional political parties are Shivasena (Maharashtra), Janata Dal (Secular) Karnataka, Samajwadi Party (UP), and many more.

Question 7. Which are the two important origins of social change?
Answer:
The two important origins of social change are:

1. Natural reasons like earthquakes, natural calamities, floods, etc.
2. Human mobility and creativity from his new inventions.

Question 8. Name the important East Flowing river of Karnataka.
Answer: The Krishna, Cauvery, Pennar, and Palar Rivers flow eastwards.

Question 9. Explain the geographical location of Karnataka in India.
Answer: It is situated in the Southern part of India, in the Western Central area of the peninsular region. It extends from 11°-31′ North to 18°~45′ North latitude and 740°-12′ East to 78°-40′ East longitude. Its length is 750 km., stretching from Aurad taluk in Bidar district in the northernmost tip of the State to Chamarajnagar district in the south. Its width is 400 km. from west to east. Karwar in Uttar Kannada district is at the western end whereas Mulbagal taluk in Kolar district is at the eastern end. Karnataka state has both land and water frontiers too.

Question 10. Why does the Malnad region get heavy rainfall?
Answer: Malnad region gets heavy rainfall because the height ranges from 900 to 1500 meters from sea level. These hills obstruct the rain-bearing winds from the Arabian Sea and cause heavy rains often more than 200 cm.

Question 11.Why Karnataka is called the ‘Land of Gold’?
Answer: Karnataka occupies the first position in the production of gold in India. It produces 80% of the total gold in India. Hence Karnataka is known as the ‘Land of Gold’.

Question 12. Which are the major tourist attractions of Mysuru.?
Answer: Mysuru is the City of Palaces. Millions of people visit Mysuru during the Dasara festival. Chamundi Hills, K.R. Sagar Dam, and Brindavan, etc., are the other major tourist attractions of Mysuru.

Question 13. Write short notes on National highways.
Answer: Roads that link important cities, capitals of states, and ports are called National highways.

• These are well-planned wide roads and are two-lane, four-lane, and six-lane roads.
• They are under the authority of the Central Government and are managed by the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI).
• There are 14 national highways in Karnataka.
• National highways NH-4 and NH-7 come under the National Highway Authority’s Golden Quadrilateral Highway Project as well as ‘Corridor Project’.
• They have six lanes.

Question 14. The quantity and quality of the labor force in a country are crucial factors. Why?
Answer: Labour is a productive factor of production. It activates the other factors and makes them useful for production purposes. Therefore the quantity and quality of the labor force in a country are crucial factors, in accelerating the development of that country. The higher the labor force, the larger the economic activity and development.

Class 9 Karnataka Social Science Model Questions 2023 Set 1 

Question 15. What are the types of Accounts? Give examples.
Answer:
Accounts are classified into three types. They are:

1. Personal Accounts: banka/c,
2. Real Accounts: Cash a/c furniture a/c
3. Nominal Accounts: interest a/c commission a/c

Answer the following

Question 1. What were the administrative reforms implemented by Mohammad bin Tughlaq?
Answer:
Administrative Reforms:

Revenue Reforms: An official record that had all the details of the lands of the empire was implemented by him. He established the department of agriculture. The uncultivated lands were made cultivable. Various schemes were implemented to provide financial assistance to the farmers. But, the farmers of Do-ab had to pay higher land taxes during his time.

Shifting of his Capital: Mohammed bin Tughlaq shifted his capital from Delhi to Devagiri in central India. There are two main reasons behind this move: to establish the capital city at the center of the vast empire and to protect the capital city from foreign invasions. Though the plan was good, proper precautions were not taken to implement this. As a result, innumerable common people suffered severely.

The experiment of Symbolic Coins: the copper and brass coins were also brought into circulation symbolically. Then, minting coins was not vested with the government alone. Families who had traditional rights to mint coins were also there. The coins were minted more than the required number without the permission of the Sultan. This resulted in chaos. The state treasury became empty due to costly administrative experiments, severe drought, the shifting of the capital city, the process of relocating the capital back, and other measures. (OR)

Question 1. Explain the military achievements of Akbar
Answer: Akbar emerged victorious in the second battle of Panipat. His Prime Minister and royal representative, Bairamkhan came to Akbar’s assistance during the war. With the help of the mighty army, Akbar conquered Malwa, Jaipur, Gondavan, Chittor, Ranathambhor, Kalinjar, Gujarat, and Bengal. The Battle of Haldighat is the most significant battle in the history of medieval India, After the death of the Chittor king, Rana Uday Sing, his son Rana Pratapsingh came to power. Akbar sent his powerful army under the leadership of Generals Mansion and Asaf Khan to fight against Rana Pratap. In the battle at Haldighat, the Moghul army was victorious. The remaining states of Kashmir, Sindh, Orissa, Baluchistan, Khandhar, and Ahmednagar came under Akbar. Thus, he laid the firm foundation for the Moghuls to emerge as a powerful Kingdom in medieval India.

Question 2. Explain the salient features of our Constitution.
Answer:
The salient features of our Constitution are:

• Written and Lengthy Constitution
• Flexible and Rigid Constitution
• Parliamentary Form of Government
• Federal System
• Fundamental Rights
• Fundamental Duties
• Directive Principles of State Policy
• Independent and Centralized Judiciary System
• Single Citizenship y Adult Franchise
• Bicameral Legislature y Party System (OR)

Question 2. Explain the structure of the Legislative Assembly.
Answer:

• The strength of the Vidhana Sabha depends on the population of the State.
• The maximum number of seats in any Vidhana Sabha should not exceed 500 or be below 60.
• The Governor can nominate one member from Anglo Indian community if he feels that they are not represented properly.
• However, the number of seats in small States is less. Example: In Mizoram and Goa, there are 40 members each.
• The Vidhana Sabha in Karnataka has 225 members. 224 members are elected whereas one Anglo-Indian is nominated by the Governor.

Karnataka Class 9 SSLC Social Science Model Paper 2023 Details 

Question 3. Explain the role of the family in socialization.
Answer: Family plays a very important role in the socialization process of a child. Father-mother is direct blood relatives of the child. The idiom Mother is the first teacher of the child is literally true. The behavior, custom, practices, activities, the interaction of father and mother will extremely influence the emotional development of the child. The child learns the first lesson of life values such as love, concern, faith, patience, cooperation, coordination, etc., at home itself. The appreciation from the family always encourages the activities of the child. Children are obedient to their parents because they are old enough in their age, experience, and authority. Due to the socialization process, the hearts of the children blossom, and family is the basic foundation for all these processes. (OR)

Question 3. Differentiate between nomadic communities and rural communities.
Answer:
Characteristics of a nomadic community:

• Nomadism for life: Nomadic people wander for hunting, taming and exhibition of animals, animal husbandry, the practice of native medicine, exhibiting folk arts, etc., for their livelihood.
• Temporary Shelters: Since they have no permanent residence, and lack education and a fixed source of income, they live in temporary shelters erected outside the villages under some trees or in public places.
• Zero or no investment jobs: These communities do not have any economic security. Many of them earn money through rag picking, bucket repairing, fishing, hunting, selling small fancy products, etc.
• Universal Beings: They have immense knowledge of nature. They have a strong belief in nature’s invisible forces and worship them.
• Different Mother tongue: Nomadic community includes many races and every race has its own mother tongue.

Characteristics of rural community:

• Small in size: Generally, the size of the village is small and the population density is low.
• Agriculture and agriculture-related economy: Rural life is more simple. Here agriculture and agriculture-related activities are prominent.
• Community life: Rural people have strong faith in nature. They worship rain. They collectively celebrate festivals and other rituals of local deities. Generally, people live in harmony. Villages evolved on the basis of “One for all and all for one”. Here competition, cheating, superficialness, and exploitation have less or no space at all.
• Democratic Ideals: The Indian villages are being bulk on the basis of democracy these days. In many villages, all the members of the village participate in a few activities. The participation of villagers in the functioning of Gram Panchayats is another good example.
• Lack of Civic Infrastructure: The lack of basic infrastructure that is needed to ensure basic civic facilities like health, education, civic protection, and the judiciary are more prevalent in rural communities.

Question 4. Explain the condition of Karnataka during the summer season.
Answer: During the Summer season, it is very hot, dry, and sultry. After March, the temperature rises uniformly all over the state and reaches the maximum during April and May. Raichur has recorded a temperature of 45.60 Celsius and it is the hottest place in Karnataka. The temperature is high even in the other districts of northern maidan. In general, the whole of Karnataka experiences hot climatic conditions during this time. The humidity is lower in the Northern maidan than in the Southern maidan. In summer, due to great evaporation, rain-bearing clouds are produced and they bring conventional rain along with lightning and thunder. The Hailstones fall in some places. This generally takes place for a short time during the afternoon. Since these showers enable the flowering of coffee plants, they are called ‘Cherry Blossoms’, and since they help the mango crop, they are also known as ‘Mango showers’. About. 7% of the annual rainfall of the state occurs during this season. (OR)

Question 4. What are the geographical factors required for the cultivation of Cotton?
Answer: Cotton is a fiber crop. Cotton is a crop of the tropics and the sub-tropics. Moderate rainfall, high temperature, and black soil are suitable for its growth. Cotton is akhariferop. It is sown in August-September. It is a rain-fed crop. It can also be grown with the help of an irrigation facility.

Question 5. What steps would you take to conserve energy use in school and at home?
Answer:
The steps taken to conserve energy use in school and at home are:

• Put off all lights when not in use
• Turn the air conditioner and heater off at night
• Get outside! Outside activities are fun and take less energy
• Keep door and winds shut when heating and cooling the house/car (OR)

Question 5. Both the birth rate and the death rate are high, and the population growth rate also remains very low in the backward stage. Why?
Answer: Backward stage: In a backward economy health facilities are lagging and people lack awareness about the advantages and means of birth control. People are also superstitious and bound by customs and traditions. Due to this, both the birth rate and the death rate are high resulting in lower population growth.

Social Science Class 9 Model Paper Set 1 Marking Scheme

Question 6. Differentiate between Short term finance and Long term finance
Answer:
Short-Term Finance: Finance that is required for day-to-day working is called Short term finance,

• It is required to meet the working capital needs, i.e. to purchase raw materials, pay wages and salaries, meet the marketing and administrative expenses,
• There is always a time gap between sales and receipt of sale proceeds. To fill the financial gap between these two processes namely sales and receipt of sale proceeds sufficient funds are required. Hence there is a need for short-term finance.
• Long-term finance refers to finance required for the development programs such as an expansion of the level of production, modernization of production methods, etc., This type of finance is also required for financing the fixed capital of an undertaking. Example: To procure fixed assets, establish new undertaking, etc. raised against securities. It is raised by Joint Stock Companies, through the issue of shares and debentures. Also raised through term loans from financial institutions. (OR)

Question 6.“Directing and co-ordinations are very important functions in business management” how?
Answer:

• Directing is the area of functional management where instructing, guiding, supervising, and leading the people of an organization towards the accomplishment of the organizational goals. It is issuing orders or instructions to the sub-ordinates and making certain that the instructions are properly carried out and the operations are successfully planned.
• Coordination is the harmonious blending of the activities of the different departments for the achievement of the desired goals. It is the arrangement of group efforts to provide unity of actions in the pursuit of a common purpose.

Answer the following.

Question 1. Explain the art and architecture of the Vijayanagar period.
Answer: The excellent work done by Vijayanagar kings in the fields of art and architecture is memorable.

• Temples, palaces, forts, towers, huge halls (maha mandapa), public buildings, tanks, bunds, canals, and dams were constructed.
• The Vijayanagar kings continued the architectural style of Chalukyas, Cholas, and Hoysalas.
• The unique feature of their architecture was the construction of huge auditorium and marriage halls.
• Temples had huge towers (rayagopura), leaf-shaped arches, and platforms.
• Ornamentation, the qualities of grandeur, awe, and elegance were given importance.
• Rough granite stone (kanashile) was used for the construction of these structures.