Class 9 Social Science

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 Social Science Economics Chapter 1 Natural Resources Points To Remember

Natural resources are naturally occurring substances that are considered valuable in their natural form. Natural Resources are generally classified as falling two types namely Renewable and non-renewable resources. The natural resources which get replenished as we use them are called renewable resources. Example: Water, land, forest, air, etc. The natural resources which get depleted as we go on using them are called Non-renewable resources. Examples:  coal, petroleum, natural gas, etc.

• Resources can also be classified as biotic and abiotic resources.
• The resources which are derived from living organisms are biotic resources. Example: plants and animals.
• The resources which are derived from non-living components of nature are abiotic resources. Example: Water, soil, minerals
• The main factors of increasing scarcity are overpopulation, growing industrialization, expanding urban areas, atmospheric pollution, water pollution, and land degradation.
• Conservation of natural resources means not wasting them but using them judiciously so that there is a balance between nature and our use of natural resources.
• Conservation of resources can do it by adopting the 4R strategy. They are:

1. Reduce,
2. Reuse,
3. Recharge and regenerate
4. Research.

• The World Wildlife Fund has devised a measure called the ‘ecological footprint’ which gives an idea about the extent of consumption of resources and waste generation by a country or by an individual in a country.
• WWF defines a country’s ecological footprint as “ the sum of all the cropland, grazing land, forest and fishing grounds required to produce the food, fiber, and timber it consumes to absorb the wastes emitted when it uses energy and to provide space for infrastructure.
• Mahatma Gandhi stated that “ Be the change you want to see in others”

Natural Resources Textual Questions And Answers

Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. Natural resources are the gift of nature.
2. Renewable resources reproduce within a specified time span.
3. Iron ore is Non- a renewable resource.
4. Scarcity arises when the need for resources is more than the availability of them.
5. Development emphasizing the availability of resources to meet the needs of future generations is also called the Conservation of resources.
6. In 2020, mankind used 50% of Earth to meet their requirements.

Answer the following questions in one sentence:

Question 1. What are natural resources?
Answer: Natural resources are naturally occurring substances that are considered valuable in their natural form.

Class 9 Social Science Economics Chapter 1 KSEEB Natural Resources Notes 

Question 2. Give two examples of renewable resources.
Answer: Water, land, forest, air, etc are examples of renewable resources.

Question 3. Give two examples of abiotic resources.
Answer: Soil and minerals are two examples of abiotic resources.

Question 4. What is conservation?
Answer: Conservation of natural resources means not wasting them but using them judiciously so that there is a balance between nature and our use of natural resources.

Question 5. Define ecological footprint.
Answer: WWF defines a country’s ecological footprint as “ the sum of all the cropland, grazing land, forest and fishing grounds required to produce the food, fiber, and timber it consumes, to absorb the wastes emitted when it uses energy and to provide space for infrastructure.

Question 6. What is recycling?
Answer: Using the same resources multiple times is called recycling.

Answer the following questions in 5-6 sentences each:

Question 1. Differentiate between renewable and non-renewable resources.
Answer:
Differences between renewable and non-renewable resources are:

• The natural resources which get replenished as we use them are called renewable resources. Example: Water, land, forest, air, etc…
• The natural resources which get depleted as we go on using them are called Non-renewable resources. Examples:  coal, petroleum, natural gas, etc…

Question 2. Explain the causes for the increasing scarcity of resources.
Answer:
The causes for the increasing scarcity of resources are:

• Overpopulation
• Growing industrialization
• Expanding urban areas
• Atmospheric pollution
• Water pollution and
• Land degradation

Question 3. What are the 4Rs? Explain in brief.
Answer:
Conservation of resources can do it by adopting the 4R strategy. They are:

1. Reduce,
2. Reuse,
3. Recharge and regenerate
4. Research.

1. Reduce: It refers to minimizing the use of resources and their wastage or trying to use less amount of any resource.

2. Reuse: Using the same resources multiple times is called recycling.

3. Recharge and regenerate: It refers to taking steps to allow the resources to grow through conscious human efforts.

4. Research: Research ways to find renewable alternatives to non-renewable resources.

Natural Resources Class 9 KSEEB Solutions 

Question 4. What steps would you take to conserve energy use in school and at home?
Answer:
The steps taken to conserve energy use in school and at home are:

• Put off all lights when not in use
• Turn the air conditioner and heater off at night
• Get outside! Outside activities are fun and take less energy
• Keep door and winds shut when heating and cooling the house/car

Question 5. What measures will you take to reduce the ecological footprint?
Answer:
The measures taken to reduce the ecological footprint are:

•  Conservation of food
• Conservation of energy/Electricity
• Judicial utilization of the Transport system
• Creating less waste
• Conservation of water
• Educating community regarding ecological footprint.

Natural Resources Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the answer sheet provided.

Question 1. The resources which are derived from non-living components of nature are

1. Abiotic resources
2. Biotic resources
3. Renewable resources
4. Natural component

Answer: 1. Abiotic resources

Question 2.4R strategy related to

1. Automobile engine
2. Conservation of resources
3. Research in science and technology
4. Software technology

Answer: 2. Conservation of resources

Question 3.The great leader who stated that “Be the change you want to see in others” is

1. Mahatma Gandhi
2. Dadabhai Naoroji
3. Vishveshwaraiah
4. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar

Answer: 1. Mahatma Gandhi

KSEEB Social Science Economics Class 9 Chapter 1 Natural Resources Concepts 

Question 1. What are the suggestions to conserve resources?
Answer:
The measures undertaken to conserve resources are:

• Purchase less stuff
• Reduce excess packaging
• Recycling materials
• Purchase products made from recycled materials.
• Keep air and water clean
• Plant new saplings where we cut down trees.
• Using bicycle and public transport
• Conserve energy at home.

Question 2. How can we overcome from increasing scarcity of resources?
Answer:
The suggestions to overcome from increasing scarcity of resources are:

• Exploration and discovery of new sources
• Discovering alternatives and substitutes
• Increasing efficiency of resources
• Regulating overuse of resources and pollution through government policies
• Educating people about the conservation of resources.

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 Social Science Economics Chapter 2 Human Resources Of India Points To Remember

The poor people are not able to earn sufficient income to get two square meals a day and they suffer from malnutrition. Due to a lack of education, training and skills, their chances of employment are few, the jobs they have will be permanent and the income they get is low.

The condition in which people are deprived of their fundamental needs like food, clothing, shelter education and health is called poverty. Before independence, one of the founding fathers of India, DadabhaiNaoroji, brought into use, for the first time, the poverty line to identify the poor. Even after independence, the poverty line has been used as the main yardstick to measure poverty.

• In 2005, the Suresh Tendulkar committee adopted the Monthly Per-Capita Expenditure (MPCE) on education, health, electricity and transport, along with food, to determine the poverty line.
• The main causes of poverty are rapid increase in population, low level and growth of national income, rise in the price level, unemployment and capital deficiency.
• The main features of poverty are hunger and penury. Poor families do not get food easily or adequately. They do not have the means to buy food. Thus, they face food insecurity.
• A yardstick known as the ‘World Hunger Index’ has been formulated to measure the amount of world hunger. This yardstick has been formulated based on four factors under-nourishment, Child wasting, Child stunting and child mortality.
• Food Security refers to that system which ensures the provision of food at all times to everyone in the country.

The food security system consists of two aspects namely:

1. Buffer stock
2. Public Distribution System.

• The government buys the excessive food grains from the farmers at the time of harvest through the Food Corporation of India (FCI) which was established in 1965.
• The food grains collected by the Food Corporation of India are distributed to poor people at low prices through government-controlled fair-price depots. This is called the public distribution system.
• The government has implemented the Integrated Children’s Development Scheme (ICDS), The Midday Meal Programme and Antyodaya Anna Yojana to remove hunger and malnutrition among the poor.
• The Poverty elevation programmes are:

1. Economic development measures
2. Implementation of poverty eradication programmes,
3. Provision of the minimum basic requirements,
4. Social Security Measures

KSEEB Class 9 Social Science Economics Chapter 2 Notes 

• Self-employment programmes are :

1. The Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP) was implemented in 1980.

2. The ‘Swarnajayanti Grama Swaudyog Yojana’ (SGSY) was implemented in 1999.

• ‘Wage Employment Programs’ have been implemented to provide jobs on a daily wage basis to poor, unskilled people with no property.
• In 2006, the ‘Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme was implemented to provide a minimum of 100 days of work in a year in order to provide stability in their lives.
• The facility of health insurance is being provided to poor people under the ‘Yashaswini Yojana’.
• Houses are being constructed for them under ‘Indira Avaas Yojana’ and ‘Valmiki-Ambedkar Avaas Yojana’. Toilets are being constructed under the ‘NinnalGram’ programme.
• In 2000, ‘Prime Minister’s GramodayaYojana’ (PMGY) was implemented. Under this programme, the rural poor are being provided with primary education, primary health care, shelter, drinking water, rural lighting and other services.
• The protection that the government provides to the helpless, the aged and the handicapped among the very poor people is called Social Security.
• Deserted old people get Old Age Allowance every month under ‘Sandhya Suraksha Yojana’.

Human Resources Of India Textual Questions And Answers

Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. The poor percentage according to NSSO in 2004-05 was 3017 lakh.
2. The Indian government has established the Food Corporation of India to buy and store food grains.
3. The Health Insurance that is provided to poor people is called Yashaswini Yojana.
4. The project programme for providing an old age pension is ‘Sandhya Suraksha Yojana’.
5. The price at which the government purchase before sowing is called the Support price.

Answer the following in a sentence each:

Question 1. Give the meaning of poverty.
Answer: The condition in which people are deprived of their fundamental needs like food, clothing, shelter education and health is called poverty.

Question 2. What are the basic requirements of a human being?
Answer: The basic requirements of a human being are food, clothing, shelter education and health.

Class 9 Social Science Economics Chapter 2 KSEEB Human Resources Notes 

Question 3. What is the ‘poverty line?
Answer: The estimated minimum level of income needed to secure the basic necessities of life.

Question 4. What is the indicator framed to measure the amount of hunger?
Answer: Global Hunger Index (GHI) is the indicator framed to measure the amount of hunger.

Question 5. What is ‘food security?
Answer: Food Security refers to that system which ensures the provision of food at all times to everyone in the country.

Answer the following in 5-6 sentences each:

Question 1. How is poverty identified in India?
Answer:
Poverty was identified in India using the following methods:

• Suresh Tendulkar’s committee adopted monthly per-capita income on education, health, electricity and transport, along with food to determine the poverty line.
• Dadabhai Naoroji. used the concept of the poverty line to identify the poor.
• C Rangarajan committee fixed the poverty line expenditure at Rs. 32 in rural areas and Rs. 43 in urban areas.

Question 2. What are the indicators of poverty?
Answer: The indicators of poverty are rapid increase in population, low level and growth of national income, rise in the price level, unemployment and capital deficiency.

Question 3. What are the reasons for the persistence of hunger in India?
Answer:
The reasons for the persistence of hunger in India are:

• Lack of purchasing power among the poor
• Shortcomings in the distribution of food grains.

Question 4. Explain the working system of public distribution in India.
Answer: The food grains collected by the Food Corporation of India are distributed to poor people at low prices through government-controlled fair price depots. This is called the public distribution system. Food grains, sugar, kerosene, cooking oil and other essential ingredients are distributed through the lair price depots. These items are sold at rates much lower than the market rates. The government has enabled fair-price depots to be opened in almost all villages, towns and cities.

Human Resources of India Class 9 Social Science Summary 

Question 5. List out the measures taken by the government to eradicate poverty.
Answer:
The Poverty elevation programmes are:

• Economic development measures
• Implementation of poverty eradication programmes
• Self-employment programmes
• Wage employment programmes.
• Provision of the minimum basic requirements like
• The facility of health insurance is being provided to poor people under the ‘Yashaswini Yojana’.
• Flouses are being constructed for them under ‘Indira Avaas Yojana and ‘Valmiki-Ambedkar
• Avaaz Yojana’. Toilets are being constructed under the ‘NirmalGram’ programme.
• Social Security Measures: under this deserted old people get Old Age Allowance every month under ‘Sandhya Suraksha Yojana’.

Human Resources Of India Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the answer sheet provided.

Question 1. The programme introduced to provide health insurance is

1. Nirmal Gram programme
2. Yashaswini Yojana
3. Sandhya Suraksha Yojana
4. Prime Minister’s Gramodaya Yojana

Answer: 2. Yashaswini Yojana

Question 2. The programme which is introduced to construct toilets is

1. Prime Minister’s Gramodaya Yojana
2. Y Ashwini Yojana
3. Sandhya Suraksha Yojana
4. Nirmal Gram programme

Answer: 4. Nirmal Gram’s programme

Human Resources of India Class 9 KSEEB Solutions 

Question 3. The programme introduced to provide an Old Age Allowance every month is

1. Sandhya Suraksha Yojana
2. Prime Minister’s Gramodaya Yojana
3. Yashaswini Yojana
4. Swamajayanti Grama Swaudyog Yojana

Answer: 1. Sandhya Suraksha Yojana

Question 4. The Indian leader who created a yardstick to measure poverty is

1. DadabhaiNaoroji
2. Gandhiji
3. Vishveshwaraiah
4. Amartya Sen

Answer:1. DadabhaiNaoroji

Question 5. The Food Corporation of India (FCI) was established in the year.

1. 1975
2. 1960
3. 1965
4. 1963

Answer: 3. 1965

Answer the following question in 2-6 sentences each:

Question 1. Which are schemes implemented to remove hunger and malnutrition among the poor?
Answer: The government has implemented the Integrated Children’s Development Scheme (ICDS), The Midday Meal Programme and Antyodaya Anna Yojana to remove hunger and malnutrition among the poor.

Question 2. Which are the Poverty elevation programmes introduced in India?
Answer:
The Poverty elevation programmes are:

• Economic development measures
• Implementation of poverty eradication programmes,
• Provision of the minimum basic requirements,
• Social Security Measures

Question 3. Name the Self-employment programmes introduced to eradicate poverty.
Answer:
Self-employment programmes are:

• The ‘Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP) was implemented in 1980.
• The ‘Swamajayanti Grama Swaudyog Yojana’ (SGSY) was implemented in 1999.

KSEEB Social Science Economics Class 9 Chapter 2 Human Resources Concepts 

Question 4. Why were ‘Wage Employment Programs’ implemented?
Answer: ‘Wage Employment Programs’ have been implemented to provide jobs on a daily wage basis to poor, unskilled people with no property.

Question 5. Why was the ‘Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme’ Implemented?
Answer: In 2006, the ‘Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme was implemented to provide a minimum of 100 days of work in a year in order to provide stability in their lives.

Question 6. Name the schemes which are introduced to provide houses to poor people.
Answer: Houses are being constructed for them under ‘Indira Avaas Yojana’ and ‘Valmiki-Ambedkar Avaas Yojana’.

Question 7. Why was ‘Prime Minister’s Gramodaya Yojana’ (PMGY) implemented?
Answer: Under this programme, the rural poor are being provided with primary education, primary health care, shelter, drinking water, rural lighting and other services.

Question 8. What is meant by Social Security?
Answer: The protection that the government provides to the helpless, the aged and the handicapped among the very poor people is called Social Security.

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 Business Studies Chapter 1 Management Of Business Points To Remember

The term Management is used to refer to the principles of managing the activities of an enterprise. It is also used to refer to a field of learning or a branch of knowledge. J.L. Haynes stated that “Management is an art of getting things done through other people”. According to George R. Terry, ‘‘Management is a distinct process consisting of planning, organizing, actuating and controlling performance to determine and accomplish the objectives by the use of people and resources.”

• Management is the sum total of the principle Junctions namely :

1. Planning
2. Organizing
3. Staffing
4. Directing
5. Co-ordinating and
6. Controlling.

• The following principles are suggested by Henry Fayol. Division of Work, Authority and responsibility, Discipline, Unity of command, Unity of Direction, Sub-ordination of Individual interest to General interest, Remuneration of Personnel, Centralisation Scalar chain, Equity, Stability of security to personnel, Initiative, Espirate De-Corps.
• Equity means that there must be fair dealing, accommodation, or cooperative attitude among the common employees and managers.
• Aspirate De-Corps is based on the principle “Unity is strength”.
• Decision-making can be regarded as the mental process, resulting in the selection of a course of action among several activities.

Decision-making can be broadly divided into two types. They are :

1. Individual decisions
2. Group decisions. Decision-making by a group of people as in the case of Partnership firms and the Board of Directors as in the case of Joint Stock Companies or Cooperative Societies is called Group decisions.

• The following points are to be kept in mind while making decisions.

1. Time factor,
2. experience,
3. wise decision (wisdom),
4. firmness,
5. boldness and
6. clarity.

• The Managerial functions may be classified into different areas. Some others are :

1.  Planning
2. Organizing
3. Staffing
4. Directing
5. Coordinating
6. Controlling.

Management Of Business Textual Questions And Answers

Answer the following questions in a sentence.

Question 1. What is management?
Answer: The term Management is used to refer to the principles of managing the activities of an enterprise. It is also used to refer to a field of learning or a branch of knowledge.

Question 2. What do you mean by decision-making?
Answer: Decision-making can be regarded as the mental process, resulting in the selection of a course of action among several activities.

Question 3. What is an individual decision and what is a collective decision?
Answer: It is the individual who takes the decision in small business organizations like sole trading concerns, They are called individual decisions. Decision-making by a group of people as in the case of Partnership firms and the Board of Directors as in the case of Joint Stock Companies or Cooperative Societies is called Group decisions.

KSEEB Class 9 Business Studies Chapter 1 Notes 

Question 4. What is the principle of authority and responsibility in principles of management?
Answer: It refers to authority and responsibility, which are the combination of official authority and personal responsibility.

Answer each of the following questions in about four to five sentences.

Question 1. What are the principles of management suggested by Henry Fayol?
Answer:
The following principles are suggested by Henry Fayol:

• Division of Work
• Authority and responsibility
• Discipline
• Unity- of command
• Unity of Direction
• Sub-ordination of Individual interest to General interest
• Remuneration of Personnel
• Centralisation Scalar chain
• Equity
• Stability of security to personnel
• Initiative
• Aspirate De-Corps

Question 2. What are the functional areas of management?
Answer:
The Managerial functions may be classified into different areas. Some of them are:

• Planning
• Organizing
• Staffing
• Directing
• Co-ordinating
• Controlling.

Question 3. Write about the authority and responsibility, scalar chain, and centralization in principles of management
Answer: Authority and responsibility principle refers to authority and responsibility, which are the combination of official authority and personal responsibility. The scalar chain principle means that every enterprise should have graded authority or superior-subordinate relationship. The centralization principle refers to the extent to which authority is concentrated so that it gives the overall yields.

Question 4. What is the need for decision-making in the management of the business?
Answer:
The need for decision-making in the management of a business is:

• In order to achieve objectives and goals the business organization has to take decisions.
• There are a number of choices available even in a small matter.
• Suppose a businessman has to transport goods, he has to take a decision about the mode of transportation.
• He has to choose one among the several alternatives and that alternative should be best suited and economical.

Question 5. What are the important elements of decision-making?
Answer:
The important elements of decision-making are:

• Establishing goals
• Defining tasks
• Searching for alternatives
• Developing plans
• Rational thinking and reasoning
• Situation
• Evaluation

Management Of Business Class 9 KSEEB Solutions 

Question 6. What factors are to be kept in mind, while taking a decision?
Answer:
The following factors are to be kept in mind while taking decisions are:

• Analyzing the problem.
• Planning of course of action.
• Maintaining courage and patience.
• Farsightedness.
• Ability to take quick and wise decisions.

Question 7. What do you mean by planning and organization in functional areas of management?
Answer: The process of planning includes the determination of organizational objectives and the formulation of plans, policies, strategies, programs, procedures, and schedules. Organizing is the process of bringing together manpower and material resources. Some of the material resources are machines and materials.

Question 8. How is controlling an important area of managerial function?
Answer: Controlling is an important area of the managerial function. It covers almost all management activities. It keeps checking on other functions of management. It is a function that every manager in the organization has to perform.

Question 9. What are the main objectives of controlling areas?
Answer:
The main objectives of controlling area are:

• To create an atmosphere of order and discipline in the organization to ensure proper coordination of activities.
• To ensure confirmation of actual performance with the pre-determined plans.
• To achieve the increase of the overall efficiency of the organization.

Question 10.“Directing and co-ordinations are very important functions in business management” how?
Answer:
Directing is the area of functional management where instructing, guiding, supervising, and leading the people of an organization towards the accomplishment of the organizational goals. It is issuing orders or instructions to the sub-ordinates and making certain that the instructions are properly carried out and the operations are successfully planned.

Coordination is the harmonious blending of the activities of the different departments for the achievement of the desired goals. It is the arrangement of group efforts to provide unity of actions in the pursuit of a common purpose.

Management Of Business Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and Write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the answer sheet provided

Question 1.‘Management is an art of getting things done through other people.’ This definition was given by

1. J.L. Haynes
2. George R. Terry
3. Henry Fayol
4. Adam Smith

Answer: 1. J.L. Haynes

Question 2. The option which is NOT the area of managerial functions is

1. Directing
2. Controlling
3. Staffing
4. Foresightedness

Answer: 4. Foresightedness

Question 3. Management is a distinct process consisting of planning organizing etc. This is stated by

1. George R. Terry
2. J L Haynes
3. Henry Fayol
4. Adam Smith

Answer: 1. George R. Terry

Class 9 Business Studies KSEEB Chapter 1 Answers 

Question 4. Aspirate De-Corps is based on the principle

1. Unity of command
2. Unity of Direction
3. Unity is strength
4. Unity in Diversity

Answer: 3. Unity is a strength

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 Social Science Sociology Chapter 3  Social Change Points To Remember

Social change occurs from two important origins:

1. Natural reasons like earthquakes, natural calamities, floods, etc.
2. Human mobility and creativity from his new inventions.

• Social change can be defined as the transformation that took place in the lifestyle of common people.
• According to Mac Iver ‘ Social change is simply a change in human social relationships.
• The debatable types of social processes are Conflicts, Adjustment, Cooperation, Coexistence, and Competition.
• A Social Conflict is the chaos of the term of the group to achieve desired motto or goal.
• The natural understanding between the groups is called Adjustment.
• Cooperation is a way used by man to fulfill his desired basic needs which are based on giving and taking.
• Coexistence means all should lead an equal opportunistic, independent, social economical, political, and justifiable life.
• Article 14 of our constitution indicates “ all are equal before the law”.
• Darwin in his “theory of evolution” explains the evolution of life is based on conflict and competition.
• Global economic competition is depending on income generation but not on social health.

Social Change Textual Questions And Answers

Fill up the blanks with suitable words:

1. The supporting elements for coexistence are Adjustment and cooperation.
2. The basic elements of social change are Conflicts.
3. School is a Guide for cooperative life.
4. In social change, the law is the Protector of rights.

Social Change Class 9 Sociology Notes 

Social Change Discuss the following questions:

Question 1. What is social change?
Answer: Social change can be defined as the transformation that took place in the lifestyle of common people.

Question 2. Mention the types of cooperation.
Answer:
There are two types of cooperation, they are:

• Direct Cooperation.
• Indirect Cooperation.

Question 3. What is Cooperation?
Answer: Cooperation is a way used by man to fulfill his desired basic needs which are based on giving and taking.

Question 4. What are the basic elements of Coexistence?
Answer: Adjustment and cooperation are the basic elements of Coexistence.

Question 5. Mention the characteristics of social changes.
Answer:
The characteristics of social changes are:

• Social change is a continuous process.
• It is universal.
• It varies in form and speed.
• It shows the chain relation sequence.

Social Change Class 9 Textbook Solutions 

Question 6. Is Social change necessary? Why?
Answer: Yes It is necessary for the all-round development of human society.

Question 7. Explain the characteristics of unity in diversity.
Answer:
The characteristics of unity in diversity are:

• It is related to the equality of caste, religion, race gender, region, etc.
• It tells us not to see others on the basis of social economic inequality.
• It supports the conflict less peaceful and nonviolent life.

Question 8. Why does the competition increasing day by day?
Answer: The competition increases day by day because it is depending on income generation but not on social health.

Social Change Additional Questions And Answers

Answer the following questions

Question 1. What is social change according to Mac Iver?
Answer: According to Mac Iver ‘Social change is simply a change in human social relationships.

Question 2. What is your opinion of Darwin regarding competition?
Answer: Darwin in his “theory of evolution” explains the evolution of life is based on conflict and competition.

Question 3. What is the significance of Article 14 of our constitution?
Answer: Article 14 of our constitution indicates “all are equal before the law”.

Class 9 Social Science Social Change Answers 

Question 4. Mention the debatable types of social processes.
Answer:
The debatable types of social process are:

• Conflicts.
• Adjustment.
• Cooperation.
• Coexistence and
• Competition.

Question 5. Which are the two important origins of social change?
Answer:
The two important origins of social change are:

• Natural reasons like earthquakes, natural calamities, floods, etc.
• Human mobility and creativity from his new inventions.

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Mineral Resources Points To Remember

Karnataka stands next to Odisha in the production of iron ore in India. With a view to protecting bio-diversity, the Supreme Court has ordered mining to be stopped at Kudremukh which is a National Park. The iron ore produced in the state is supplied to the iron and steel factory at Bhadravati and the Jindal Vijayanagar Iron and Steel factory near Ballari.

• Manganese ore is also used in the manufacture of chemicals, the electrical industry, chemical fertilizers, calico printing, and paints so it is known as ‘the jack of all trades.
• Karnataka ranks second after Odisha in the production of manganese.
• Bauxite ore is mostly used in the preparation of aluminum.
• Bauxite ore is also used in the manufacture of cement, steel, and electric wires. Hence its demand is increasing.
• Karnataka produces 80% of the total gold in India so it is known as the ‘Land of Gold’.
• Champion Reef is the deepest gold mine whereas Hutti in Raichur district is the biggest gold mine in India.

KSEEB Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Notes 

Mineral Resources Textual Questions And Answers

Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

1. Kudremukh in Karnataka is noted for Iron ore.
2. The best-quality iron ore is Magnetite Ore.
3. Sandur in Ballari district has Iron Ore/Manganese ore mines.
4. The metal that is produced from bauxite ore is Aluminium.
5. The deepest gold mine is Champion Reef.

Discuss in groups and answer the following questions.

Question 1. Why Karnataka is called the ‘Land of Gold’?
Answer: Karnataka occupies the first position in the production of gold in India. It produces 80% of the total gold in India. Hence Karnataka is known as the ‘Land of Gold’.

Question 2. Which are the important minerals available in Karnataka?
Answer: The important minerals available in Karnataka are iron ore, gold, manganese, limestone, copper, bauxite, chromite, mica, asbestos, and granite.

Question 3. Which is the ore used as an alloy?
Answer: Manganese is the ore used as an alloy.

Question 4. Name the places in Karnataka where iron ore is available.
Answer: Iron ore is mainly distributed in the districts of Ballari, Chikkamagaluru, Bagalkot, Chitradurga, Tumakuru, Shivamogga, Dakshina Kannada, Uttara Kannada, and Gadag. Ballari has rich deposits and they are mainly found in Hospet and Sandur areas. Iron ore is extracted at Donimalai, Vibhutigudda, Belagala, Kumaraswamy Hills, TimmappanaGudi, Devadri range, and Ramadurga Hills.

Mineral Resources Class 9 Social Science Summary 

Question 5. Which district is an important producer of bauxite?
Answer: Belgavi district is the leading bauxite-producing district.

Question 6. Name the important gold mines of Karnataka.
Answer: There are four important mines in the Kolar Gold Fields. They areNandidurg, Urigaum, Champion Reef, and Mysore Mines.

Mineral Resources Match the following
A                                B
Supa                       Manganese
Hatti                       Bauxite
Kumasi                    Limestone
Khanapur                Iron ore
                                 Goldmine
Answer: 
A                                   B
Supa                            Manganese
Hatti                            Goldmine
Kumasi                         Limestone
Khanapur                     Bauxite

Mineral Resources Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the sheet provided:

Question 1. The ore which is called “the Jack of all Trades” is

1. Iron Ore
2. Manganese Ore
3. Copper Ore
4. Bauxite Ore

Answer: 2. Manganese Ore

Question 2. Which one among the following ore is essential to manufacture steel along the iron ore?

1. Manganese ore
2. Bauxite ore
3. Limestone
4. Minimum

Answer: 1. Manganese ore

Question 3. Which one among the following is wrongly matched?

1. Hatti- Limestone
2. Kumasi- Iron Ore
3. Khanapur- Bauxite ore
4. Supa- manganese ore

Answer: 1. Hatti- Limestone

Mineral Resources Class 9 Textbook Solutions 

Answer the following questions:

Question 1. Which are minerals found in Karnataka?
Answer: Iron ore, gold, manganese, limestone, copper, bauxite, chromite, mica, asbestos, and granite are important minerals.

Question 2. Manganese is known as ‘the jack of all trades. Why?
Answer: Manganese is used as an alloy in the manufacture of steel to increase its hardness. It is also used in the manufacture of chemicals, the electrical industry, chemical fertilizers, calico printing, and paints. Hence it is known as ‘the jack of all trades.

Question 3. Demand is increasing for Bauxite why?
Answer: Bauxite ore is mostly used in the preparation of aluminum and also used in the manufacture of cement, steel, and electric wires. Hence its demand is increasing.

Question 4. Why is the demand for gold increasing?
Answer: Gold is a very rare, glittering, and durable yellow metal. It is used for making ornaments, and in the manufacture of valuable articles like watches, etc.

Class 9 Social Science Mineral Resources Answers 

Question 5. Name the important mines which are in the Kolar Gold Fields.
Answer: The four important mines in the Kolar Gold Fields are Nandidurg, Urigaum, Champion Reef, and Mysore Mines.

Question 6. Why gold mines are being closed in Kolar?
Answer: The gold deposits in these mines are almost exhausted due to continuous mining for many years.

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 Social Science Economics Chapter 3 Poverty And Hunger Points To Remember

The poor people are not able to earn sufficient income to get two square meals a day and they suffer from malnutrition. Due to a lack of education training and shifts, their chances of employment are few, the jobs they have will be permanent and the income they get is low. The condition in which people are deprived of their fundamental needs like food, clothing, shelter education and health is called poverty.

• Before independence, one of the founding fathers of India, Dadabhai Naoroji, brought into use, for the first time, the poverty line to identify the poor. Even after independence, the poverty line has been used as the main yardstick to measure poverty.
• In 2005, the Suresh Tendulkar committee adopted the Monthly Per-Capita Expenditure (MPCE) on education, health, electricity and transport, along with food, to determine the poverty line.
• The main causes of poverty are rapid increase in population, low level and growth of national income, rise in the price level, unemployment and capital deficiency.
• The main features of poverty are hunger and penury. Poor families do not get food easily or adequately. They do not have the means to buy food. Thus, they face food insecurity.
• A yardstick known as the ‘World Hunger Index’ has been formulated to measure the amount of world hunger. This yardstick has been formulated based on the four factors like undernourishment. Child wasting, Child stunting and child mortality.
• Food Security refers to that system which ensures the provision of food at all times to everyone in the country.

• The food security system consists of two aspects namely:

1. Buffer stock
2. Public Distribution System.

• The government buys the excessive food grains from the farmers at the time of harvest through the Food Corporation of India (FCI) which was established in 1965.
• The food grains collected by the Food Corporation of India are distributed to poor people at low prices through government-controlled fair-price depots. This is called the public distribution system.
• The government has implemented the Integrated Children’s Development Scheme (ICDS), The Midday Meal Programme and Antyodaya Anna Yojana to remove hunger and malnutrition among the poor.
• The Poverty elevation programmes are:

1. Economic development measures
2. Implementation of poverty eradication programmes,
3. Provision of the minimum basic requirements
4. Social Security Measures

KSEEB Class 9 Social Science Economics Chapter 3 Notes 

• Self-employment programmes are:
  1. The Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP) was implemented in 1980.
  2. The ‘Swarnajayanti Grama Swaudyog Yojana’ (SGSY) was implemented in 1999.
• ‘Wage Employment Programs’ have been implemented to provide jobs on a daily wage basis to poor, unskilled people with no property.
• In 2006, ‘Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme was implemented to provide a minimum of 100 days of work in a year in order to provide stability in their lives.
• The facility of health insurance is being provided to poor people under the ‘Yashaswini Yojana’.
• Houses are being constructed for them under ‘Indira Avaas Yojana’ and ‘Valmiki-Anabedkar Avaas Yojana’. Toilets are being constructed under the ‘Nirmal Gram’ programme.
• In 2000, ‘Prime Minister’s Gramodaya Yojana’ (PMGY) was implemented. Under this programme, the rural poor are being provided with primary education, primary health care, shelter, drinking water, rural lighting and other services.
• The protection that the government provides to the helpless, the aged and the handicapped among the very poor people is called Social Security.
• Deserted old people get Old Age Allowance every month under ‘Sandhya Suraksha Yojana’.

Poverty And Hunger Textual Questions And Answers

Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. The poor percentage according to NSSO in 2004-05 was 3017 lakh.
2. The Indian government has established the Food Corporation of India to buy and store food grains.
3. The Health Insurance that is provided to poor people is called Yashaswini Yojana.
4. The project programme for providing an old age pension is ‘Sandhya Suraksha Yojana’.
5. The price at which the government purchase before sowing is called the Support price.

Answer the following in a sentence each:

Question 1. Give the meaning of poverty.
Answer: The conditions in which people are deprived of their fundamental needs like food, clothing, shelter education and health are called poverty.

Question 2. What are the basic requirements of a human being?
Answer: The basic requirements of a human being are food, clothing, shelter education and health.

Question 3. What is the poverty line?
Answer: The estimated minimum level of income needed to secure the basic necessities of life.

Poverty and Hunger Class 9 Social Science Summary 

Question 4. What is the indicator framed to measure the amount of hunger?
Answer: Global Hunger Index (GHI) is the indicator framed to measure the amount of hunger.

Question 5. What is ‘food security?
Answer: Food Security refers to that system which ensures the provision of food at all times to everyone in the country.

Answer the following in 5-6 sentences each:

Question 1. How is poverty identified in India?
Answer: Poverty was identified in India using the following methods Suresh Tendulkar committee adopted monthly per-capita income on education, health, electricity and transport, along with food to determine the poverty line. Dadabhai Naoroji used the concept of the poverty line to identify the poor. C Rangarajan committee fixed the poverty line expenditure at Rs. 32 in rural areas and Rs. 43 in urban areas.

Question 2. What are the indicators of poverty?
Answer: The indicators of poverty are rapid increase in population, low level and growth of national income, rise in the price level, unemployment and capital deficiency.

Question 3. What are the reasons for the persistence of hunger in India?
Answer:
The reasons for the persistence of hunger in India are:

• Lack of purchasing power among the poor
• Shortcomings in the distribution of food grains.

Question 4. Explain the working system of public distribution in India.
Answer: The food grains collected by the Food Corporation of India are distributed to poor people at low prices through government-controlled fair-price depots. This is called the public distribution system. Food grains, sugar, kerosene, cooking oil and other essential ingredients are distributed through the lair price depots. These items are sold at rates much lower than the market rates. The government has enabled fair-price depots to be opened in almost all villages, towns and cities.

Question 5. List out the measures taken by the government to eradicate poverty.
Answer:
The Poverty elevation programmes are:

• Economic development measures
• Implementation of poverty eradication programmes.
• Self-employment programmes
• Wage employment programmes.
• Provision of the minimum basic requirements like
• The facility of health insurance is being provided to poor people under the ‘Yashaswini Yojana’.
• Houses are being constructed for them under ‘IndiraAvaas Yojana’ and ‘Valmiki-Ambedkar Avaas Yojana’. Toilets are being constructed under the ‘Nirmal Gram’ programme.
• Social Security Measures: under this deserted old people get Old Age Allowance every month under ‘Sandhya Suraksha Yojana’.

Poverty and Hunger Class 9 Textbook Solutions 

Poverty And Hunger Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the answer sheet provided.

Question 1. The programme introduced to provide 1 health insurance is

1. Nirmal Gram programme
2. Yashaswini Yojana
3. Sandhya Suraksha Yojana
4. Prime Minister’s Gramodaya Yojana

Answer: 2. Yashaswini Yojana

Question 2. The programme which is introduced to construct toilets is

1. Prime Minister’s Gramodaya Yojana
2. Y Ashwini Yojana
3. Sandhya Suraksha Yojana
4. Nirmal Gram programme

Answer: 4. Nirmal Gram’s programme

Question 3. The programme introduced to provide an Old Age Allowance every month is

1. Sandhya Suraksha Yojana
2. Prime Minister’s Gramodaya Yojana
3. Yashaswini Yojana
4. Swamajayanti Grama Swaudyog Yojana

Answer: 1. Sandhya Suraksha Yojana

Question 4. The Indian leader who created a yardstick to measure poverty is

1. DadabhaiNaoroji
2. Gandhiji
3. Vishveshwaraiah
4. Amartya S oil

Answer: 1. DadabhaiNaoroji

Class 9 Social Science Poverty and Hunger Answers 

Question 5. The Food Corporation of India (FCI) was established in the year.

1. 1975
2. 1960
3. 1965
4. 1963

Answer: 3. 1965

Answer the following question in 2-6 sentences each:

Question 1. Which are schemes implemented to remove hunger and malnutrition among the poor?
Answer: The government has implemented the Integrated Children’s Development Scheme (ICDS), The Midday Meal Programme and Antyodaya Anna Yojana to remove hunger and malnutrition among the poor.

Question 2. Which are the Poverty elevation programmes introduced in India?
Answer:
The Poverty elevation programmes are:

• Economic development measures
• Implementation of poverty eradication programmes,
• Provision of the minimum basic requirements,
• Social Security Measures

Question 3. Name the Self-employment programmes introduced to eradicate poverty.
Answer:
Self-employment programmes are:

• The Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP) was implemented in 1980.
• The Swamajayanti Grama Swaudyog Yojana (SGSY) was implemented in 1999.

Question 4. Why were ‘Wage Employment Programs’ implemented?
Answer: ‘Wage Employment Programs’ have been implemented to provide jobs on a daily wage basis to poor, unskilled people with no property.

KSEEB 9th Social Science Economics Chapter 3 Guide 

Question 5. Why was the ‘Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme’ Implemented?
Answer: In 2006, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme was implemented to provide a minimum of 100 days of work in a year in order to provide stability in their lives.

Question 6. Name the schemes which are introduced to provide houses to poor people.
Answer: Houses are being constructed for them under ‘Indira Avaas Yojana’ and ‘Valmiki-Ambedkar Avaas Yojana’.

Question 7. Why was ‘Prime Minister’s Gramodaya Yojana’ (PMGY) implemented?
Answer: Under this programme, the rural poor are being provided with primary education, primary health care, shelter, drinking water, rural lighting and other services.

Question 8. What is meant by Social Security?
Answer: The protection that the government provides to the helpless, the aged and the handicapped among the very poor people is called Social Security.

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 10 Population Of Karnataka Points To Remember

A group of people living in a particular geographical area is called a ‘population’. Bengaluru Urban district has the first position with the largest population, and Kodagu district occupies the last position. The number of people living in an area of one square kilometer is known as the density of the population. Bengaluru Urban district has the highest density where as Kodagu district has the lowest density.

• Bengaluru Urban district has the largest urban population whereas Kodagu district has the smallest urban population.
• The number of females per thousand males is called the sex ratio.
• Udupi district, with 1093 females per thousand males, has the highest level of sex ratio in the state whereas Bengaluru Urban district with 908 females per thousand males, has the lowest sex ratio in the state.
• A person who knows to read and write is called a literate. The average literacy rate in 2011 was 75.6%.
• Dakshina Kannada district with 88.6%, occupies the first position whereas Yadgir with 52.4% has the lowest literacy rate.

Population Of Karnataka Textual Questions And Answers

Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

1. The total population of Karnataka according to the 2011 census is 6,11,30,704.
2. The most populous district ofKamataka is Bengaluru Urban.
3. The district which has more females is Udupi.
4. The district which has the least population is Kodagu.
5. The average density of the population per sq. km in Karnataka is 300.

Discuss in groups and answer the following questions.

Question 1. Write a note on the growth of the population in Karnataka.
Answer: According to the 2001 census, the total population ofKamataka was 5,28, and 50,562. In the decade from 2001 to 2011, 80, 80,142 persons have been added to the population. The growth rate during this period was 15.67 %. This growth rate is lower than the growth rate of the population in India (17.64%).

KSEEB Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 10 Notes 

Question 2. Name the districts with the highest and the lowest density of population.
Answer: Bengaluru Urban district has the first position with the largest population, and Kodagu district occupies the last position.

Question 3. Explain the Characteristics of the urban and rural populations in Karnataka.
Answer: Karnataka has a large number of villages (29,406) as per the 2011 census, the rural population is a total of 3.75 crores. It means that the rural population is 61.4% and 38.6%(2.35 crore) live in urban areas. Compared to the average urban population of India, the urban population of Karnataka is greater. It is not distributed equally in all the districts. Bengaluru Urban district has the largest urban population whereas Kodagu district has the smallest urban population.

Population Of Karnataka Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the sheet provided:

Question 1. According to 2011 the census, the total population of Karnataka is

1. 6,11,30,704
2. 3,10,57,742
3. 3,00,72,662
4. 5,12,35,120

Answer: 1. 6,11,30,704

Question 2. The largest populated district of Karnataka is

1. Kodagu
2. Bengaluru Rural
3. Bengaluru Urban
4. Belagavi

Answer: 3. Bengaluru Urban

Question 3.The district which has the smallest urban population

1. Udupi
2. Kodagu
3. Hassan
4. Dakshina Kannada

Answer: 1. Kodagu

Population of Karnataka Class 9 Social Science Summary 

Question 4. The district which has the lowest literacy rate is

1. Mysore
2. Uttara Kannada
3. Bidar
4. Yadgir

Answer: 4. Yadgir

Answer the following questions in 2-4 sentences each:

Question 1. What is Population?
Answer: A group of people living in a particular geographical area is called a ‘population’.

Question 2. Population plays an important role in the economic development of a country. Justify.
Answer: People, with the help of their intelligence and skill, utilize natural resources properly and enable the country to develop well. The development of a country depends on the size of its population, its growth rate, age distribution, quality, etc.

Question 3. Why is population growth decreasing in Karnataka?
Answer: The reason for decreasing population growth is awareness about family planning programs, literacy programs, birth control, etc.

Question 4. What is the Density of the population?
Answer: The number of people living in an area of one square kilometer is known as the density of the population.

Population Of Karnataka Class 9 Textbook Solutions 

Question 5. What is meant by Sex ratio?
Answer: The number of females per thousand males is called the sex ratio.

Question 6. Who is literate?
Answer: A person who knows to read and write is called a literate.

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 9 Major Tourist Centers Of Karnataka Points To Remember

A Kannada proof equates “travel with reading and gaining knowledge from an encyclopedia.” Karnataka has many natural scenic places, for instance, the evergreen Sahyadri ranges with their rivers, waterfalls, beautiful valleys, wild animals, sandalwood forests, etc. Karnataka Government established the Karnataka State Tourism Development Corporation (KSTDC) in the year 1974 to provide tourists with basic requirements.

• Karnataka won the award for ‘Best Tourism Management’ state in 1996-97.
• Since Mahatma Gandhi stayed in Nandi hill station of Chikballapur district for the improvement of his health, a Gandhi Bhavan has been constructed in his memory.
• The highest waterfall in the country is Jog Falls a height of 293 meters in four streams named Raja, Rani, Roarer, and Rocket.
• The Cauvery River at Shivanasamudra in the Mandya district forms twin waterfalls named Gaganachuldri and Bharachukki.
• Gokak Falls in Belagavi district is formed on the river Ghataprabha and is famous as the ‘Niagara of Karnataka’.
• There are five national parks in Karnataka. They are Rajiv Gandhi National Park in Nagarahole, Bandipur, Bannerghatta, Kudremukh, and Anshi National Park.
•  Karnataka has beautiful beaches like the Om beach of Gokarna, Ullal, Murdeswara, Maravanthe, Malpe beach, etc.
• Bengaluru has a pleasant climate, wonderful buildings like Vidhana Soudha, and beautiful gardens like Lalbagh and Cubbon Park hence it is called Garden City.
• Mysuru is called the City of palaces.

Major Tourist Centers Of Karnataka Textual Questions And Answers

Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

1. Nandi Hill Station is in the Chikballapur district.
2. The waterfall which is called Niagara of Karnataka iS Gokak falls.
3. Ibrahim Roza, a pilgrimage is located in Vijayapura city.
4. The beach which is near Gokama is Om beach.
5. The city which is called the ‘City of Palaces’ is Mysore.

Answer the following questions.

Question 1. What are the advantages of tourism?
Answer:
The advantages of tourism are:

• To satisfy their curiosity
• For religious celebrations
• For peace of mind for relaxation
• Ttrseeqnc picturesque places
• Seeking happiness and
• For improvement of health.
• To gain knowledge about the place, culture, civilization, lifestyle, etc.

KSEEB Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 9 Notes 

Question 2. Name the basic facilities needed in a tourist spot.
Answer: Tourist homes, lodges, and restaurants are the basic facilities needed in a tourist spot.

Question 3. Write a note at the Kudremukh hill station.
Answer: Kudremukh hill station of Chikkamagaluru district is a major hill station. It has dense, green forests, many hillocks, coffee estates, and waterfalls making it a beautiful place.

Question 4. Name the wildlife sanctuaries of Karnataka.
Answer: Methods, Bandipur, Nagarhole, Dandeli, Bhadra animal sanctuaries and Ranganathittu, Kokkare Bellur, Mandagadde, and Gudavibird sanctuary are the main wildlife sanctuaries of Karnataka.

Question 5. Name the places of historical importance in Karnataka.
Answer: Hampi, Belur, Halebid, Somnathpur, Badami, Pattadakal, Aihole, Gol Gumbuz of Jayapura, Lakkundi, Banavasi, Basaralu, Belligave, Mysuru, Srirangapatna, etc. are the places of historical importance in Karnataka.

Major Tourist Centers Of Karnataka Match the following.
          A                                               B
Biligirirangana hills                  Uttara Kannada district
Jogi Betta                                 Chamarajnagar
Yana                                          Bird sanctuary
Anshi                                         Chitradurga
Ranganthittu                             National Park
                                                   Peacock sanctuary               
Answer: 
A                                            B
Biligirirangana hills            Chamarajnagar
Jogi Betta                           Chitradurga
Yana                                    Uttara Kannada district
Anshi                                   National Park
Ranganthittu                       Bird sanctuary

Major Tourist Centers Of Karnataka Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the sheet provided:

Question 1. Which one among the following is wrongly matched?

1. Jogibetta- Chitradurga
2. Yana – Uttara Kannada
3. Biligiriranganabetta- Chamarajanagara
4. Mandagadde-Udupi

Answer: 4. Mandagadde-Udupi

Question 2. Karnataka state has won the award for the best tourist state as it

1. Home to many tourist places
2. Has the best tourism management
3. Encourages private companies for tourism development
4. Was he the first state to start a tourism department

Answer: 2. Has the best tourism management

Major Tourist Centers Of Karnataka Class 9 Textbook Solutions 

Question 3. This city is known as the ‘City of palaces’

1. Bangaluru
2. Mysore
3. Tumkur
4. Hubli

Answer: 2. Mysore

Question 4. Which one among the following is NOT a site of World Heritage?

1. Hampi
2. Pattadakal
3. Western Ghats
4. Beluru

Answer: 4. Beluru

Major Tourist Centers Of Karnataka Answer the following questions in a sentence each:

Question 1. What is touring?
Answer: People go to different places from their places to satisfy their curiosity, for religious celebrations for peace of mind relaxation, to see picturesque places, to seek happiness, and to improve health. This is called touring.

Question 2. Why did Government establish KSTDC?
Answer: Government establishes (KSTDC) the Karnataka State Tourism Development Corporation to provide tourists with basic requirements like tourist homes, lodges, and restaurants at important tourist centers.

Question 3. Why are the Wildlife Sanctuaries established?
Answer: In order to protect forests and wildlife, the Government of Karnataka has established a number of wildlife sanctuaries, bird sanctuaries, national parks, tiger projects, and biosphere reserve areas.

Class 9 Social Science Major Tourist Centers of Karnataka Answers 

Question 4. Why is Bengaluru called ‘Garden City?
Answer: Bengaluru has beautiful gardens like Lalbagh and Cubbon Park and hence it is called Garden City.

Major Tourist Centers Of Karnataka Answer the following questions in 2-4 sentences each:

Question 1. Karnataka state is the best place for tourism. Why?
Answer: Karnataka is one of the many states in India which has very famous tourist spots. Karnataka has many natural scenic places, for instance, the evergreen Sahyadri ranges with their rivers. waterfalls, beautiful valleys, wild animals, sandalwood forests, etc. The attractive coastlines, historical places, temples with grand sculptures, religious centers, places of pilgrimage, etc attract people from the state and foreign countries.

Question 2. Write a note at the Nandi hill station.
Answer: Nandi hill station of Chikballapur district, is about 1492 meters above sea level, and has a pleasant climate. As it is close to Bengaluru, it attracts lakhs of tourists. It has lodging and boarding facilities. Since Mahatma Gandhi stayed there for the improvement of his health, a Gandhi Bhavan has been constructed in his memory.

Question 3. Write a short note on Jog Falls.
Answer: The highest waterfall in the country is Jog Falls which is in Shivamogga. The water of Sharavathi falls from a height of 293 meters in four streams. They are named Raja, Rani, Roarer, and Rocket.

Question 4. Name the important waterfalls of Karnataka.
Answer:
The important waterfalls of Karnataka are:

• Jog Falls – Shivamogga
• Gaganachukki and Bharachukki – Mandya
• Abbe falls – Mercara
• Hebbe falls – Kemmanagundi ( Chikka Magaluru)
• Kalhatagiri falls and Unchalli Falls – Uttara Kannada
• Gokak Falls- Belagavi

Major Tourist Centers of Karnataka Questions And Answers Class 9 

Question 5. Name the important national parks in Karnataka.
Answer:
The important national parks in Karnataka are:

• Rajiv Gandhi National Park in Nagarhole,
• Bandipur National Park
• Bannerughatta National Park
• Kudremukh National Park
• Anshi National Park.

Question 6. In recent days the capital city of Bengaluru is attracting a large number of tourists. Why?
Answer: Bengaluru has a pleasant climate, wonderful buildings like Vidhana Soudha, and beautiful gardens like Lalbagh and Cubbon Park hence it is called Garden City. It is Karnataka’s largest city and one of the megacities of the country.

Question 7. Which are the major tourist attractions of Mysuru?
Answer: Mysuru is the ‘City of Palaces. Millions of people visit Mysuru during the Dasara festival, Chamundi Hills, K.R.Sagar Dam, Brindavan, etc. are the other major tourist attractions of Mysuru.

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 8 Industries Of Karnataka Points To Remember

Karnataka is famous for a variety of industries due to the presence of abundant mineral resources, raw materials, ideal climate, sufficient water, good transport system, skilled labourers, wide market and modem technology. Sir M.Visveswaraiah’s believed in the motto of ‘Industrialize or perish’. Sir M. Visveswaraiah’s foresight enabled an Iron and Steel industry to be set up at Bhadravathi in Shivamogga district in 1923.

• The private sector-owned Jindal Vijayanagar Steel Limited was established in 2001 at Torangal in the Ballari district using the latest Corex technology.
• The first, M.S.K. cotton mill, was set up in 1884 at Kalaburagi.
• Davanagere became the state’s most important cotton textile industrial centre so it is called the ‘Manchester of Karnataka’.
• In order to improve the situation in the textile industry in Karnataka, the State government has formulated a programme ‘Suvama Textile Policy. 2008-13’, and has established ‘Finished Goods Parks’ in 11 districts.
• Sir Francis Buchanan mentions in his writings that in the early part of the 19th century itself, sugar was produced in Palalli (Ashtagrama) of Srirangapatna and Chikkaballapura.
• The first modern sugar industry, ‘Mysuru Sugar Company’ (My sugar) was established at Mandya in 1933.
• Bagasse and molasses are the by-products of the sugar industry. Bagasse is used for the manufacture of paper and fuel. Molasses are used for the production of alcohol.
• The first paper mill ‘Mysuru Paper Mill Limited’ was established in 1936 at Bhadravati.
• The private company ‘West Coast Paper Mill’ was started at Dandeli.

• Since urbanization and industrialization have increased in Karnataka, the demand for cement in construction activities has also increased.
• The first cement factory in the state was established at Bhadravathi in 1939.
• Bengaluru City is known as the ‘Silicon Valley (IT-BT City) of India because It is a leading producer and exporter of software components which are used for computer programming.

Karnataka has been divided into five industrial regions, they are as follows:

1. Bengaluru – Kolar Tumakuru Industrial region
2. Belagavi Dharwar region.
3. Dakshina Kannada and Udupi region
4. Mysuru – Mandya Industrial region
5. Ballari – Raichur – Koppal Industrial region

Industries Of Karnataka Textual Questions And Answers

Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

1. The first Iron and Steel industry of Karnataka was established at Bhadravathi.
2. The Manchester of Karnataka is Davangere.
3. Sugar is obtained from sugarcane.
4. The cement industry is in Ammasandra.
5. Bangalore city is called Silicon Valley.

Discuss in groups and answer the following:

Question 1. Write a note on the industrial development in Karnataka.
Answer: With abundant mineral resources, raw materials, an ideal climate, sufficient water, a good transport system, skilled labourers, a wide market and modem technology, Karnataka is famous for a variety of industries. Sir M.Visveswaraiah’s contribution to the development of industries in Karnataka is remarkable.
Rice mills, tile factories, beedis and cigarettes, and iron and brass foundries were established. Many modem manufacturing units like iron and steel, soap factories, cotton and silk mills, paper, cement, paint, sugar, sandal oil industries etc were started after 1923.

As a result, The industrial policy of the Central Government many more factories were established, for instance; the manufacture of aeroplanes, engineering, machine tools, (HMT, BEL, BHEL), watches, iron and steel, aluminium, information technology, electronic biotechnology industry etc.

KSEEB Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 8 Notes 

Question 2. Explain the iron and steel industry of Karnataka.
Answer: Sir M. Visveswaraiah’s foresight enabled an Iron and Steel industry to be set up at Bhadravathi in Shivamogga district in 1923. It was handed over to the Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) in 1989. The iron ore, necessary for this factory is supplied fromKemmannugundi, lime fromBandigudda, water from the Bhadra River and manganese from Sandur. The Sharavathi hydropower generating station was established for hydroelectricity. Jindal Vijayanagar Steel Limited is private sector-owned. It was established in 2001 at Torangal in the Ballari district using the latest Corex technology.

Question 3. Give an account of the distribution of the cotton textile industry in Karnataka.
Answer: Davanagere became the state’s most important cotton textile industrial centre which is called ‘Manchester of Karnataka’.There are ginning and spinning mills in Hubballi, Ilkal, Guledgudda, Rabakavi, Bagalkot, Molakalmuru, Gadag-Betageri, Badami, Belagavi, Naragund, Gokak, Ballari, Hunsur, Nanjangud, Periyapattana and Chamarajnagar.

Question 4. What factors are essential to start the sugar industry?
Answer: Sugar industry in Karnataka is concentrated in the sugar-growing areas. It is an annual crop and is growing in irrigated areas. This crop needs high temperatures and moisture. With temperatures of 21 ° to 26° Celsius and 100- 150 cms annual rainfall. Fertile loamy soil mixed with black soil is most suitable.

Question 5. Mention the reasons for the centralization of the information technology industry in Bengaluru.
Answer: The reasons for the centralization of the information technology industry are good climate, electricity supply, technical experts, financial assistance, vast market and infrastructure.

Industries Of Karnataka Match the following.
A                                         B
Dandeli                          Cement
Torangal                         Cotton Textiles
Molakalmuru                 Paper
Shahabad                       Computers
Infosys                            Iron and steel

Answer: 
A                                   B
Dandeli                       Paper
Torangal                      Iron and steel
Molakalmuru              Cotton Textiles
Shahabad                   Cement
Infosys                        Computers

Industries Of Karnataka Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the sheet provided:

Question 1. The Manchester of Karnataka is

1. Shimoga
2. Davanagere
3. Belgium
4. Kodagu

Answer: 2. Davanagere

KSEEB Class 9 Geography Chapter 8 Important Questions 

Question 2. Which one among the following statement is wrong regarding the Silicon city of India?

1. It is the leading producer and exporter of software components
2. It is one of the world’s top ten major advanced hi-tech cities
3. This city alone has 12001T and B T Industries
4. This city was constructed on the model of Silicon Valley of the USA.

Answer: 4. This city was constructed on the model of Silicon Valley in the USA.

Question 3. The person who believed in the motto of ‘Industrialize or perish’ is

1. SirM.Visveswaraiah
2. Jawarhalal Nehru
3. Gandhiji
4. Dr. B. R, Ambedkar

Answer: 1. Sir M.Visveswaraiah

Question 4. The first Iron and Steel industry was set up at Bhadravathi in Shivamogga district in

1. 1913AD
2. 1986AD
3. 1925 AD
4. 1923 AD

Answer: 4. 1923 AD

Question 5. The private sector-owned Jindal Vijayanagar Steel Limited was established at

1. Ballari
2. Shivamogga
3. Davanagere
4. Mysore

Answer: 1. Ballari

Class 9 Social Science Industries Of Karnataka Answers 

Industries Of Karnataka Answer the following questions:

Question 1. Why is Karnataka famous for Industries?
Answer: Karnataka is famous for a variety of industries due to the presence of abundant mineral resources, raw materials, ideal climate, sufficient water, good transport system, skilled labourers, wide market and modem technology.

Question 2. Why is Davanagere called the ‘Manchester of Karnataka’?
Answer: Davanagere became the state’s most important cotton textile industrial centre so it is called the ‘Manchester of Karnataka’.

Question 3. Why are Finished Goods Parks established?
Answer: In order to improve the situation in the textile industry in Karnataka, the State government has formulated a programme ‘Suvama Textile Policy 2008-13’, and has established ‘Finished Goods Parks’ in 11 districts.

Question 4. Which are the by-products of Sugar cane? How are they useful?
Answer: Bagasse and molasses are the by-products of the sugar industry. Bagasse is used for the manufacture of paper and fuel. Molasses are used for the production of alcohol.

Question 5. Why there is a great demand for cement in Karnataka?
Answer: Since urbanization and industrialization have increased in Karnataka, the demand for cement in construction activities has also increased.

Question 6. Name the Industrial regions of Karnataka.
Answer:
Karnataka has been divided into five industrial regions. They are as follows:

• Bengaluru – Kolar – Tumakuru Industrial region
• Belagavi-Dharwar region
• Dakshina Kannada and Udupi region
• Mysuru – Mandya Industrial region
• Ballari – Raichur – Koppal Industrial region

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 7 Transport Points To Remember

Transport refers to the system of carrying persons and goods from one place to another. Transport is the lifeline in the progress of agriculture, industry, and commerce. A large number of people live in rural areas in Karnataka so road transport occupies a very important role in linking the villages and towns. Roads can be constructed easily, at a low cost. Kings and emperors constructed roads for the use of their soldiers and for administrative purposes. Roads in Karnataka have been classified into four, they are:

1. National highways,
2. State highways,
3. District roads and
4. Village roads

• Roads that link important cities, capitals of states, and ports are called National highways.
• National Highways are under the authority of the Central Government and are managed by the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI).
• Raichur and Kodagu districts have no National highways.
• National highways NH-4 and NH-7 come under the National Highway Authority’s
• ‘Golden Quadrilateral Highway Project’ as well as ‘Corridor Project’.

• Roads that link the capital city ofBengalum with district headquarters, major towns, and other highways are called State Highways.
• Belagavi has the longest state highway whereas Bengaluru has the least.
• Roads that link district headquarters with taluk headquarters, major towns, villages, railways, and major highways are called District roads.
• The construction, maintenance, and supervision of District roads are under the Zilla Parishat.
• Tumakuru district has the maximum number of district highways, and Raichur has the least.

KSEEB Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 7 Notes 

Transport Textual Questions And Answers

Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

1. Villages and towns are linked by Road Transport.
2. There are 14 national highways passing through Karnataka.
3. The city railway system of Bengaluru is called KrantiveeraSangolli Rayanna.
4. The port that is called the ‘Gateway of Karnataka’ is New  Mangalore Port.
5. The Coastal Railway of Karnataka is called Konkan Railway.

Discuss in groups and answer the following questions.

Question 1. Explain the importance of road transport.
Answer:
The importance of road transport is:

• Road transport occupies a very important role in linking villages and towns.
• Roads can be constructed easily, at a low cost.
• People and goods can be transported to every comer of the state.
• The development of roads determines the progress of the state’s agriculture, industry, mining, and commerce.

Question 2. Name the different types of roads in Karnataka.
Answer:
Roads in Karnataka have been classified into four kinds. They are:

• National highways
• State highways
• District roads and
• Village roads

Transport Class 9 Social Science Summary 

Question 3. List the important rail routes of Karnataka.
Answer: The first railway line was opened for traffic in 1864 between Bengaluru and Madras by the Madras Railway Company. Bengaluru, Ballari, Belagavi, Hassan, Uttara Kannada, Chitradurga, Udupi, Ramnagar, and Dakshina Kannada districts have an average of 150 to 200 km long railway tracks.

Question 4. What are the advantages of air transport?
Answer:
The advantages of air transport are:

• Air transport is the fastest mode of transport. It helps to carry people, mail, and lightweight goods to distant places in the shortest time.
• Air transport is of great help during natural calamities, wars, and other emergencies.

Question 5. Name the ports of Karnataka.
Answer: The important ports of Karnataka are Old Mangaluru Port, Malpe, Hangarakatte, Kundapura, Padubidri, Bhatkal, Honnavara, Kadri, Belekeri, and Karwar.

Transport Match the following.

    A                           B
Supa                     Manganese
Hatti                     Bauxite
Kumasi                 Limestone
Khanapur              Iron ore
                              Goldmine
Answer: 
Supa                    Manganese
Hatti                    Goldmine
Kumasi                Irone ore
Khanapur            Bauxite

Transport Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the sheet provided:

Question 1. The central office of south western railway zone is at

1. Bangalore
2. Hubli
3. Mysore
4. Gulbarga

Answer: 2. Hubli

Class 9 Social Science Transport Answers 

Question 2. The first Green Airport in our country is

1. Anna International Airport
2. Rajiv Gandhi International Airport
3. Thiruvananthapuram International Airport
4. Kempe Gowda International Airport

Answer: 4. Kempe Gowda International Airport

Question 3.The Golden Quadrilateral Plan related to the

1. State Highways
2. National Highways
3. Village Roads
4. District Roads

Answer: 2. National Highways

Transport Answer the following questions in a sentence each:

Question 1. What is Transport?
Answer: Transport refers to the system of carrying persons and goods from one place to another.

Question 2. Why did kings and emperors construct roads?
Answer: Kings and emperors constructed roads for the use of their soldiers and for administrative purposes.

Question 3. What were the facilities provided by Kings and Emperors along roadsides?
Answer: There were travel shelters (where a place to rest, and water to drink was available), resting shelters, orchards, and choultries.

Class 9 Social Science Chapter 7 Transport Notes 

Question 4. What are District Roads?
Answer: Roads that link district headquarters with taluk headquarters, major towns, villages, railways, and major highways are called District roads.

Question 5. Why Air transport is not much popular as other means of Transport?
Answer: Air transport is the costliest mode of transport and is not available to everyone.

Question 6. What are ports?
Answer: The coastal places where ships are sheltered are called Ports.

Transport Answer the following questions in 2-4 sentences each:

Question 1. An efficient transport system is very essential to every country. Why?
Answer: Transport is the lifeline in the progress of agriculture, industry, and commerce. Karnataka is a land with varied natural resources. Minerals, commercial crops, forest products, and sources of energy are available here. In order to achieve economic development through the proper use of these resources, an efficient transport system is essential.

Question 2.Mention the different kinds of roads
Answer:
There are four kinds of roads. They are:

• National highways,
• State highways,
• District roads and
• Village roads.

Question 3. Write short notes on National highways.
Answer: Roads that link important cities, capitals of states, and ports are called National highways. These are well-planned wide roads and are two-lane, four-lane, and six-lane roads. They are under the authority of the Central Government and are managed by the ‘National Highways Authority of India (NHAI). There are 14 national highways in Karnataka. National highways NH-4 and NH-7 come under the National Highway Authority’s Golden Quadrilateral Highway Project as well as ‘Corridor Project’. They have six lanes.

Transport Questions And Answers Class 9 

Question 4. Explain the Village roads.
Answer: Roads that link taluk headquarters with village and district highways are called Village roads. The construction and maintenance of these roads is under the taluk panchayat and village panchayats. Karnataka has 1,47,212 km of village roads.

Question 5. Which are the multi-purpose roads and roads under local administration?
Answer:
The multi-purpose roads and roads under local administration are:

• Roads of Public Works Department
• Forest Department
• Irrigation Department
• Town Municipality and City Corporation.

Question 6. Explain Konkan Railways.
Answer: Konkan Railway is the most important railway route on the West Coast. It links Mangaluru and Mumbai and has reduced the time for traveling from 41 hrs to 18 hrs. Its length is 273 km with 13 main and 310 other bridges. Since this railway passes through many tunnels and across bridges, one can enjoy the natural beauty and scenery.

Question 7. Where are the domestic airports in Karnataka?
Answer: Belagavi, Hubballi, Mysuru, Mangaluru Hassan, and Kalaburagi have domestic airports.

Question 8. Why are the waterways not very significant?
Answer: The availability of waterways is limited and so, not very significant in transport. With the development of road and railway transport, the use of water transport is limited.

Question 9.Why is Karwar con sidered asspecialportof Karnataka?
Answer: Karwar is the most beautiful port. It is an all-weather port, iron ore, manganese, granite, and agricultural products are exported through this port.