Eswari

Karnataka Class 9 Social Science Model Question Papers 2023 Set 6

Choose the correct alternative and Write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the sheet provided:

Question 1. John closely associated with Jesus as he

1. Had predicted the birth of Jesus Christ.
2. Had helped the Jews arrest Jesus Christ.
3. Went against Jesus Christ’s teaching.
4. Was a disciple of Jesus Christ.

Answer: 1. Had predicted the birth of Jesus Christ

Question 2. The Industrial Revolution took place in

1. England
2. America
3. India
4. Russia

Answer: 1. England

Question 3. The term of the office of the governor is

1. 6 years
2. 4 years
3. 5 years
4. 12 years

Answer: 3.5 years

Question 4. The Article which provides parliament is

1. Article 79
2. Article 54
3. Article 55
4. Article 75

Answer: 1. Article 79

Question 5. The language which gives birth to many languages is

1. Hindi
2. English
3. Urdu
4. Sanskrit

Answer: 4. Sanskrit

Question 6. The first Green Airport in India is

1. Anna International airport
2. Rajiv Gandhi International Airport
3. Thiruvananthapuram International Airport
4. Kempe Gowda International Airport

Answer: 4. Kempe Gowda International Airport

Class 9 Karnataka Social Science Sample papers Set 6 Solutions 

Question 7. Nandi Hill Station is located in

1. Chikballapur
2. Doddabalpura
3. Bengaluru Urban
4. Bengaluru Rural

Answer: 1.Chikballapur

Question 8.The resource which occupies greater importance in the production of goods and services

1. Natural resource
2. Capital Resource
3. Mineral resource
4. Human resource

Answer: 4. Human resource

Question 9. The First Stock Exchange was started in India in the year

1. 1875 C.E.
2. 1892 C.E.
3. 1885 C.E.
4. 1888 C.E.

Answer: 1.1875 C.E.

Question 10.The bank which is functioning as an autonomous body is

1. EXIM Bank
2. Industrial Development Bank of India
3. Industrial Financial Corporation of India
4. State Finance Corporation

Answer: 2. Industrial Development Bank of India

Fill in the blanks:

1. The highest court of law is the Supreme court
2. The Indian Red Cross Society was established in the year 1920 C E.
3. Nomadism is the way of life as stated by Encyclopedia Britannica
4. The district which has more females is Udupi.
5. Food For Work Programme was introduced in the year 1977 C E.

Match the following
A                                                                  B
Bartholomew Dias              Discovered Bahamas in West Indies
Vasco-da-Gama                   Discovered Cape of Good Hope
Christopher Columbus        Reached Calicut in India
Amerigo Vespucci                Reached Brazil
Kabral                                    Discovered America.
                                               The first to go round
                                               Climbed a hill near Panama Strait
                                               Reached Spain

Answer: 
A                                                    B
Bartholomew Dias                    Discovered Cape of Good Hope
Vasco-da-Gama                        Reached Calicut in India
Christopher Columbus              Discovered Bahamas in West Indies
Amerigo Vespucci                     Discovered America.
Kabral                                        Reached Brazil

Answer the following

Question 1. Who is the proponent of Advaita philosophy?
Answer: Shankaracharya is a proponent of the Advaita philosophy.

Question 2. Why is the Muslim saint called Sufis?
Answer: Since they wore coarse woolen clothing called suf, these Muslim saints were called ‘Sufis’

Question 3. How was the land tax fixed during the Mughal period?
Answer: Land tax was fixed on the basis of the fertility of the land

Question 4. What is the condition that must be followed by Supreme Court judges after their resignation or retirement?
Answer: After their resignation or retirement, the judges cannot practice before any court.

Question 5. Define Secularism.
Answer: Secularism means that every citizen enjoys the freedom to practice the religion he desires.

Question 6. Who are the agents of socialization?
Answer: The agents of socialization are age, experience, the influence of elders, and the influence of the same age group.

Karnataka Class 9 Social Science Model Papers 2023 Set 6 

Question 7. Why does the competition increasing day by day?
Answer: The competition increases day by day because it is depending on income generation but not on social health.

Question 8. What is Fallow land?
Answer: Land which has not been cultivated for more than two or three years is called fallow land.

Question 9. What is included in agriculture?
Answer: Animal husbandry, poultry, bee-keeping, and sericulture are included in agriculture.

Question 10. Why is population growth decreasing in Karnataka?
Answer: The reason for decreasing population growth is awareness about family planning programs, literacy programs, birth control, etc.

Question 11. Why did kings and emperors construct roads?
Answer: Kings and emperors constructed roads for the use of their soldiers and for administrative purposes.

Question 12. What is the poverty line?
Answer: The estimated minimum level of income needed to secure the basic necessities of life.

Question 13. What is the indicator framed to measure the amount of hunger?
Answer: Global Hunger Index (GHI) is the indicator framed to measure the amount of hunger.

Question 14. Is Social change necessary? Why?
Answer: Yes It is necessary for the all-round development of human society

Answer the following

Question 1. What were the main preachings of Madhwacharya?
Answer:
Madhwacharya advocated the Dwaitha philosophy:

• He stated that the human soul and the Divine soul are separate.
• According to him, the world is not may an illusion li is as true as Paramatma or the Divine Soul.
• Between these, the Divine soul is independent and the rest of the world is illusionary.
• The Divine soul and the human soul have a Lord and Servant relation respectively.
• Worship of Lord Vishnu can elevate the human soul and thus enable it to attain moksha.

Question 2. The condition of slaves in the medieval period was pathetic. Justify.
Answer: The slave owners had made slaves their private property. They did lowly jobs and were ill-treated. They had constant threats of punishment.

Question 3. How was nationalism developed in Europe?
Answer: In order to secure their own welfare, the middle class supported the kings and played a major role in the birth and growth of nationalism. A strong nationalistic view or patriotism had its own good and bad effects. These nations were responsible for ending the anarchy of the feudal period. They inspired people of similar cultures to come together under the rule of one king.

Question 4. How did the American war of independence influence the French?
Answer: The American war of independence influenced the French tremendously. Many of the French who fought against the British in America returned to their motherland. They encouraged the rebels by giving them all support and played a pivotal role in the revolution.

Question 5. Explain the Coalition government.
Answer: Pre-poli/or Post-poll alliance helps political parties to din together to form the government when there is a hung parliament or assembly. Such a .. government formed with the cooperation of different political parties is called a ‘Coalition Government’.

Question 6. Which are the factors that made us feel one naturally?
Answer: The Himalayan Mountain Range, the Bay of Bengal, the Indian Ocean, and the Arabian Sea have cut India off from the rest of the world and made us feel one naturally. Further, the singing of the National Anthem by all Indians enables us to achieve solidarity.

Karnataka Class 9 Social Science Exam Pattern Set 6 2023 

Question 7. What are the characteristics of social changes?
Answer:
The characteristics of social changes are:

• Social change is a continuous process
• It is universal
• It varies in form and speed
• It shows the chain relation sequence

Question 8. Karnataka is a unique state in India. Why?
Answer: Karnataka is blessed with diverse relief features, flora and fauna, different types of soil, river systems, minerals, and human resources.

Question 9. Mention the important physical divisions of Karnataka.
Answer:
Karnataka can be divided into three important physical divisions:

• The Coastal Plain
• The Malnad region and
• The Maidan region
• Northern Maidan
• Southern Maidan

Question 10. Name the important rivers of Karnataka.
Answer:
The important rivers of Karnataka are:

• The Krishna, the Cauvery, the Pennar, and Palar Rivers flows eastwards and join the Bay of Bengal.
• The Sharavathi, Kali, Gangavali (Bedti), Netravathi, Varahi, Aghanashini, etc flow westwards and join the Arabian Sea

Question 11. Karnataka state is the best place for tourism. Why?
Answer:

• Karnataka is one of the many states in India which has very famous tourist spots.
• Karnataka has many natural scenic places, for instance, the evergreen Sahyadri ranges with their rivers,
• waterfalls, beautiful valleys, wiki animals, sandalwood forests, etc.
• The attractive coastlines, historical places, temples with grand sculptures, religious centers, places of pilgrimage, etc attract people from the state and foreign countries.

Question 12. Which are the important minerals available in Karnataka?
Answer: The important minerals available in Karnataka are iron ore, gold, manganese, limestone, copper, bauxite, chromites, mica, asbestos, and granite.

Question 13. Karnataka is famous for a variety of industries. Why?
Answer: With abundant mineral resources, raw materials, an ideal climate, sufficient water, a good transport system, skilled laborers, a wide market, and modern technology, Karnataka is famous for a variety of industries.

Question 14. What are the types of unemployment?
Answer:
The types of unemployment are:

1. Urban employment
2. Rural employment

Question 15. How can the ledger be balanced?
Answer: After a particular period or as and when required the business concerns should know their financial position or stability. For this purpose, the accounts that are maintained in the ledger have to be balanced. Balancing of the ledger is called striking the balance.

Answer the following

Question 1. What were the consequences of religious reformation?
Answer:
The consequences of religious reformation were:

• A humanitarian approach to life gained popularity.
• Scientific knowledge grew about the world.
• Knowledge of the movement of astronomical bodies expanded
• Geographical exploration was possible by using sea routes.
• The industrial revolution became a reality.
• Dogmas were condemned.
• Progressive thinking gained momentum.
• The religious reformation movement was started. (OR)

Question 1. Explain the military achievements of Babar.
Answer:
The military achievements of Babar were:

• Babar invaded India five times.
• He established the Moghul dynasty in India by defeating the Delhi sultan Ibrahim Lodhi in the battle of Panipat in 1526 A.D.
• He defeated Rana Sangramsingh of Mewad, the Rajput king Mediniraya of Chanderi, and Ibrahim Lodhi’s brother, Mohammad Lodhi.
• Babar conquered Panipath, Godhra, and Kanwa.

Question 2. Which are the Directive Principles of State Policies mentioned in the Indian constitution?
Answer:
The Directive Principles of State Policy are:

• To provide adequate means of livelihood to all citizens.
• To prevent the community’s wealth and resources from becoming the private property of a few people.
• To provide equal pay for equal work to both men and women and to protect labor welfare.
• To provide public assistance to those who are old, sick and weak, or helpless.
• To implement a Uniform Civil Code throughout the country.
• To provide opportunities for the development of health and preschool education to all children below 6 years.
• To protect historical monuments and maintain places of historical interest.
• To separate the Executive from the Judiciary. (OR)

Question 2. What are the discretionary powers of the Governor?
Answer: The Governor uses his discretionary powers while appointing the Chief Minister of the State. He may also withhold the bill passed by the legislature and send it to the President. He recommends to the President declare an emergency in the State. He dismisses the Cabinet or dissolves the Legislative Assembly.

Karnataka Social Science Class 9 Model Paper 2023 Set 6 Details 

Question 3. Differentiate between Nuclear family and Joint family.
Answer:
The characteristics of a joint family are:

• Large in size
• Co-ordination and Co-operation
• Residence and Kitchen
• Religion
• Self-sufficient unit
• Exercise of authority

The characteristics of a nuclear family are

• Privacy
• personal happiness
• Property rights,
• Changed social values
• Advances in science and technology
• Urbanization
• Principles of democracy and equality (OR)

Question 3. Explain the different types of rural communities.
Answer:
There are different types of rural communities. They are:

• Centralized villages:- Houses are located in the form of land.
• Villages of bifurcated houses and farmland:- They are found in the coastal region and in irrigated areas of the Raichur district of Karnataka.
• Scattered group villages:- Villages are located in hilly areas add in the uplands districts of Karnataka.
• Village of line houses: – Families are located on both sides of the road.
• Moon-shaped villages:- The village is surrounded by a temple masjid, church tank, etc.
• Square-shaped villages:- Villages are the same as line villages. Lines are parallel
• Joint road and market village:- Houses are located where two or more roads join together.

Question 4. How does Karnataka state get rainfall during the rainy season?
Answer:

• The Rainy Season is also known as the season of South-West Monsoon winds.
• The Western Ghats check the moisture-laden winds blowing from the Arabian Sea resulting in heavy rain whereas the eastern maidan remains as the rain shadow area.
• Agumbe, Bhagamandala, and Hulikal are places of heavy rainfall. Nayana Hatti
• Karnataka receives about 80% of its rainfall. (OR)

Question 4. What are the geographical factors required for the cultivation of Ragi?
Answer:
The factors essential to cultivate Ragi are:

• Ragi’s botanical name is ‘Eleusine Coracana’.
• It is a tropical crop.
• High temperature, moderate rainfall, red sandy, and loamy soils
  are suitable for this crop.
• It can withstand very severe droughts.
• Many laborers are needed to transplant ragi saplings
• Pull out the weeds to harvest and store ragi.
• It is an important Kharif crop.
• It can be grown even during the summer season by using irrigation.

Question 5. How can we overcome the problem of food scarcity?
Answer:
The solution to overcome the problem of food scarcity are:

• Buy organic food or locally-grown produce.
• Have a kitchen garden (by doing this you cut down on pollution from shipping, fertilizers, packaging, etc and your food is fresher!).
• Bring your own bags to the store (canvas or reused plastic/paper).
• Buy and eat fewer processed foods. (Processed foods have been frozen, canned, or packaged before coming to your table)
• Instead of drinking, juice pox, eat a piece of fruit Eat less meat and dairy – you can get protein from other sources, too Eat at home instead of ordering out (OR)

Question 5. How is the quality of the population judged?
Answer: The quality of the population can be judged by the education, skills, and health level of people, intelligence and skill, utilize the natural resources properly, the size population, growth rate, age distribution, quality, etc

Social Science Class 9 practice Paper Set 6 Karnataka Board 

Question 6. Explain briefly the purposes for which long-term finance is required by business concerns.
Answer: Long-term finance refers to finance required for the development programs such as the expansion of the level of production, modernization of production methods, etc., This type of finance is also required for financing the fixed capital of an undertaking. Example: To procure fixed assets, establish new undertaking, etc (OR)

Question 6. What factors are to be kept in mind, while taking a decision?
Answer:
The following factors are to be kept in mind while taking decisions are:

• Analyzing the problem.
• Planning of course of action.
• Maintaining courage Maintaining patience.
• Farsightedness.
• Ability to take a quick and wise decisions.

Answer the following

Question 1. Explain the economic condition of Vijayanagar
Answer:

• Social system: The society was based on Varna based social system. However, there was also an occupation-based caste system. There were many skilled artisans, blacksmiths, goldsmiths, bell-metal smiths, carpenters, weavers, and cobblers in the society. The practices of child marriage, sati, and devadasi systems were prevalent. Though monogamy was a common practice, kings and rich people had many wives. Women enjoyed a dignified status in society. There were female wrestlers and female palace guards. Holi, Deepavali, and Dasara festivals were celebrated publicly. Dasara festival used to be celebrated with pomp and glory at Hampi under royal patronage. Music and dance enjoyed great popularity.
• Economic System: Land tax was the main source of revenue for the kingdom. Farmers used to give 1/4 of their income to the government in the form of tax. Professional tax, revenue tax, road tax, market tax, commercial tax, import and export taxes, and tributes from the vassals were the other forms of revenue to the kingdom. Agriculture was the backbone of the economy. People grew different kinds of crops throughout the year. Jowar, ragi, paddy, wheat, lentils, and pulses like green gram, black gram, sugar, sesame seeds, groundnuts, cotton, sugarcane, and coconut were the main crops. The Vijayanagar kings constructed wells, tanks, and canals to encourage irrigation and agriculture. There were five kinds of practices of land holdings like geni, gutting, siddhaya, vara, and gadi (tenancy, lease holdings, and other kinds). The Vijayanagar empire had achieved great progress in the field of industries and commerce. Spices like pepper, cloves, cardamom, salt Petre, iron ore, diamonds, granulated sugar, musk, Sandalwood perfume, etc. were exported by them. There were important textile industries. Coins of different denominations like gold coins, gadyaana, pagoda, silver coins, and copper coins were in use.

Karnataka Class 9 Social Science Model Question Papers 2023 Set 8

Choose the correct alternative and Write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the sheet provided:

Question 1. Jews fundamentalists started opposing Jesus as he

1. Began to reject the religious dogmas
2. Made friends with Roman Empire
3. Went against Charlemagne of Rome
4. Opposed the concept of the Earth is the Kingdom of God.

Answer: 1. Began to reject the religious dogmas

Question 2. The birthplace Renaissance was

1. Germany
2. Istanbul
3. Italy
4. England

Answer: 3. Italy

Question 3. The strength of Mizoram and Goa are

1. 40 members
2. 45 members
3. 50 members
4. 30 members

Answer: 1. 40 members

Question 4. The Rajyasabha is a permanent body because

1. It cannot be dissolved like the Lok Sabha.
2. The term of Rajyasabha is 6 years.
3. The member of Rajyasabha is elected by the member of the State Assembly.
4. The member of the Rajya Sabha is elected by the people.

Answer: 1. It cannot be dissolved like the Lok Sabha.

Question 5. Which one among the following is considered the core of all systems of society?

1. Family
2. School
3. Religion
4. Neighborhood

Answer: 1. Family

Question 6.The Golden Quadrilateral Plan related to the

1. State High Ways
2. National High Ways
3. Village Roads
4. District Roads

Answer: 2. National High Ways

Question 7. Which one among the following is NOT a site of World Heritage?

1. Hampi
2. Pattadakal
3. Western Ghats
4. Belluru

Answer: 4. Belluru

Class 9 Karnataka Social Science Sample Paper Set 8 Solutions 

Question 8. The number of years a person is expected to live life is called

1. Density of population
2. Ratio of population
3. Life expectancy
4. Ratio of age

Answer: 3. Life expectancy

Question 9.The bank which was a fully owned subsidiary bank of R.B.I till 1976 is

1. EXIM Bank
2. Industrial Development Bank of India
3. Industrial Financial Corporation of India
4. State Finance Corporation

Answer: 2. Industrial Development Bank of India

Question 10. The First Stock Exchange was started in India at

1. Mumbai
2. Kolkata
3. Bangalore
4. Delhi

Answer: 1. Mumbai

Fill in the blanks:

1. The Supreme Court of India came into existence on January 28, 1950
2. The main objective of our defense policy is protecting Nation
3. Change is the law of Nature
4. The average literacy rate of Karnataka in 2011 was 75.6%.
5. The working age group refers to 15 to 60 years.

Match the following
            A                                             B
Ghulami dynasty                          Sikandar
Khilji dynasty                                Babur
Tughlaq dynasty                           Akbar
Sayyed dynasty                            Khizarkhan
Lodhi dynasty                              Jalaluddin
                                                    Iltamush
                                                    Chand Bardai
                                                    Ghiyasuddin

Answer: 
A                                              B
Ghulami dynasty                 Iltamush
Khilji dynasty                      Jalaluddin
Tughlaq dynasty                Ghiyasuddin
Sayyed dynasty                   Khizarkhan
Lodhi dynasty                      Sikandar

Answer the following

Question 1. What is the significance of Good Friday?
Answer: Jesus was crucified on the hillock of Golgotha by the Roman soldiers on Friday which is celebrated as Good Friday.

Question 2. Where do you find the philosophical thoughts and teachings of Chaitanya?
Answer: We find the philosophical thoughts and teachings of Chaitanya in a book called Chaitanya Charitamruta”.

Question 3. What was the contribution of Mohammad Gawan to education?
Answer: Mohammad Gawan established a Madrasa (college) at Bidar to encourage the study of the Islamic religion and law.

Question 4. Why is the Criminal Court set up?
Answer: The court takes up crimes like murder, robbery, dacoity, etc. It has the power to issue death sentences and also life imprisonment sentences.

Question 5. What is the present strength of the Rajya Sabha?
Answer: The present strength of the Rajya Sabha is 250 members

Question 6. What is Joint Family?
Answer: The family consisting of a grandfather-grandmother, father-mother, children, and grandchildren is called a Joint family.

Question 7. What is a Village?
Answer: According to Bogardus‘ Village community is the union of a small density of population, simple and low expenditure, and life with a primary relationship.

Karnataka Class 9 Social Science Model Paper 2023 Set 8 

Question 8. Why is the Finished Goods Parks established?
Answer: In order to improve the situation in the textile industry in Karnataka, the State government has formulated a program ‘ Suvarna Textile Policy 2008-13’, and has established ‘Finished Goods Parks’ in 11 districts.

Question 9. Nowadays, areas growing cotton are dwindling. Why?
Answer: Nowadays, areas growing cotton are dwindling due to pests, and diseases have become major problems.

Question 10. What is Jowar’s botanical name?
Answer: Jowar ‘s botanical name is ‘Sorghum Vulgare.

Question 11. Who is literate?
Answer: A person who knows to read and write is called a literate.

Question 12. What is public distribution system?
Answer: The food grains collected by the Food Corporation of India are distributed to poor people at low prices through government-controlled fair-price depots. This is called the public distribution system.

Question 13. Why is the ‘Yashaswini’ scheme introduced?
Answer: Health insurance is being provided to poor people under the ‘Yashaswini’ scheme.

Question 14. Why is the journal entry also called the book of original entries?
Answer: Since the full particulars of the transactions are recorded first in the Journal. It is called the book of original entries.

Answer the following

Question 1. What are the rituals and principles of Islam?
Answer:
The main rituals and principles of Islam are:

• Kalima- Belief only in Allah. Mohammed is his Prophet.
• Namaz- Prayer of Allah five times a day.
• Roza- Fasting in the month of Ramzan.
• Zakath- Definite sum to be spared in the income to give the poor.
• Haj- Pilgrimage to Mecca once in lifetimes.

Question 2. Which were important hierarchies among the feudal lords?
Answer: There were hierarchies among the feudal lords. Important among them were the Dukes, Earls, Barons, Knights, etc.

Question 3. How did the French thinkers influence the citizen during the revolution?
Answer:

• Montesquieu, in his book Spirit of Laws, condemned the Divine Rights of kings and declared support for a constitutional government.
• Rousseau in his work ‘Social Contract’ observed, “Man is independent at birth, but is found chained everywhere.”
• Voltaire condemned the traditions of French society, monotheism, and blind beliefs. He also questioned the Roman Catholic Church.

Question 4. What were the aims of Bismarck to achieve unification of Germany?
Answer: Firstly, to drive out Austria from the German states’ association. Secondly, instead of losing its identity with Germany, convert Germany into Prussia. That meant inculcating the culture and traditions and spreading the administrative machinery and military power all over Germany.

Question 5. How is the President of India elected?
Answer:

• Articles 54 and 55 of the Constitution stipulate the way the President should be elected.
• The President is elected by an electoral college of elected members of both Houses of
• Parliament, all elected members of the legislative assemblies of all States, New Delhi, and Pondicherry.

Question 6. How is the media helpful for the efficient administration of the Government?
Answer:

• The day-to-day information about the happenings is provided by the media.
• It helps the people to know the plans and policies of the government.
• It helps the government to know about the views of the people on important issues.
• Media make the representatives accountable and answerable to issues to issues raised by the people.
• It also must provide truthful, fearless, and unbiased views.

Question 7. Explain the characteristics of unity in diversity.
Answer:
The characteristics of unity in diversity are:

• It is related to the equality of caste, religion, race gender, region, etc.
• It tells us not to see others on the basis of social economic inequality.
• It supports the conflict less peaceful and non-violence life.

Karnataka Class 9 Social Science Exam Pattern Set 8 2023 

Question 8. Explain Konkan Railways.
Answer: Konkan Railway is the most important railway route on the West Coast. It links Mangaluru and Mumbai and has reduced the time for traveling from 41 hrs to 18 hrs. Its length is 273 km with 13 main and 310 other bridges. Since this railway passes through many tunnels and across bridges, one can enjoy the natural beauty and scenery.

Question 9. Why do people visit tourist places?
Answer: People go to different places from their places to satisfy their curiosity, for religious celebrations for peace of mind for relaxation, to see picturesque places, to seek happiness, and to the improvement of health. This is called touring. Tourist centers have facilities to stay and eat. So people stay there and visit tourist places.

Question 10. Name the places in Karnataka where iron ore is available.
Answer: Iron ore is mainly distributed in the districts of Ballari, Chikkamagaluru, Bagalkot, Chitradurga, Tumakuru, Shivamogga, Dakshina Kannada, Uttara Kannada, and Gadag. Ballari has rich deposits and they are mainly found in Hospet and Sandur areas. Iron ore is extracted at Donimalai, Vibhutigudda, Belagala, Kumaraswamy Hills, Timmappana Gudi, Devadri range, and Ramadurga Hills.

Question 11.Which districts are located in the Northern Maidan?
Answer: The districts of Bidar, Vijayapura, Kalaburagi, Yadgiri, Gadag, Koppal, Raichur, Ballari, Haveri, Bagalkot, and some parts of Dharwad and Belagavi districts are located in the Northern maidan.

Question 12. How does Karnataka get its name?
Answer: The name ‘Karnataka’ has been in use since ancient times. This land used to be called ‘Karunadu’ (kar+nadu = a land of black soil). The word ‘Karunaf refers to Karnataka in the ancient Tamil work ‘Shilappadikaram% Karunat means the land which is on an elevated plateau.

Question 13. Write a short note on Cauvery.
Answer: The Cauvery is the most important river of Karnataka. It is known as ‘Dakshina Ganga’. It originates at Talacauvery in Kodagu district and flows 804 km through Karnataka and Tamil Nadu eastwards. This river is most useful for agriculture, power generation, and drinking water supply.

Question 14. Differentiate between the Organized sector and the Unorganized sector.
Answer: Organized sector covers those enterprises which are registered by the government and have to follow its rules and regulations. For example, Reliance Industries Ltd., Tata Steel Ltd., etc. On the other hand, the unorganized sector includes those small and scattered units which are largely outside the control of the government. Though there are rules and regulations these are never followed, here. For example, casual workers in construction, roadside business, shops, etc. In this sector, there is no job security, and the conditions of employment are also very tough. That is why it is also called the informal sector.

Question 15. Why does a business need accounting?
Answer: The concern earns profit through the transactions of the business, such as the purchase of goods, sale of goods, receipt of incomes, expenses, incurring losses, etc, to know the result of all these things is very important. It is necessary to know the net profit earned or the loss suffered. It is also required to know the amounts due by the firm to others or due to the firm by others. For all these purposes it is very essential to write down accounts.

Answer the following

Question 1. Explain the army of the Vijayanagar Empire.
Answer:

• Vijayanagar had a mighty army.
• It consisted of three hierarchies of permanent troops, troops sent by vassal states, and troops of royal guards.
• The infantry, cavalry, elephants, and cannons were the main divisions of the army.
• Camions began to be used in wars from 1368 C.E. onwards.
• There were mammoth elephants.
• Horses brought from Arabia were a major attraction at Vijayanagar.
• There was a naval squad in the army.
• Forts and moats played an important role during the wars. (OR)

Question 1. What were the reasons for geographical explorations?
Answer:
Reasons for geographical explorations were:

• The Turks conquered Constantinople in 1453 A.D.
• Spain and Portugal were ambitious in competing with Arabs in sea trade.
• The Discovery of new countries opened the possibility of spreading Christianity.
• European curiosity was roused by the adventurous nature of sea voyages toward eastern countries.
• Mariner’s compass and astrolabe equipment were helpful to sailors. Charts and maps were available to sailors.
• Europeans believed that China was a fertile place to make a profit.

Karnataka Social Science Class 9 Model Paper Set 8 Details 

Question 2. Make a list of the Fundamental Duties.
Answer:
The Fundamental Duties are:

• To respect the Constitution, National Flag, and National Anthem.
• To follow the noble ideals that inspired our National Struggle for Freedom.
• To protect the integrity of India,
• To defend the motherland when called upon to do so.
• To promote the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India.
• To preserve our rich heritage.
• To protect and improve the natural environment.
• To develop the scientific temper and the spirit of inquiry.
• To safeguard public property and to abstain from violence.
• To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activities.
• Parents or guardians should provide an opportunity for education to their children from the age of 6 to 14 years. (OR)

Question 2. Write a note on the qualifications and tenure of the Governor.
Answer:
Qualifications:

• Should be a citizen of India.
• Should not be less than 35 years of age.
• Should not hold any office of profit under the Government.
• Should not be a Member of either Parliament or State Legislature. If he is a Member of either, he should resign from that post when he is appointed as the Governor.

Term of Office: The term of office of the Governor is 5 years. However, he continues to occupy the post even after the completion of this term till a successor is appointed. The President may recall the Governor on the recommendations of the Union Council of Ministers before the expiry of his term.

Question 3. Family is the basic unit for all social activities. Justify.
Answer:

• It is a basic institution of society.
• All the activities of society are conducted on the basis of the family.
• Any activities of the social institution start from the family.
• It helps to bud the political economical, educational, and several ‘ activities of the society.
• It had been given some work to other institutions of society. (OR)

Question 3. Explain the characteristics of the nomadic community.
Answer:
The characteristics of a nomadic community are:

• Nomadism for life
• Temporary Shelters:
• Zero or no investment jobs:
• Universal Beings
• Different Mother tongue

Question 4. Differentiate between Mixed Forests and Grasslands and Shrubs.
Answer:

• Mixed Forests: The growing of evergreen and deciduous trees together form mixed forests. Areas receiving 120 to 150 cm annual rainfall have this kind of forest. For example, Udupi, some parts of Uttara Kannada, Dakshina Kannada, Eastern parts of Kodagu, Chikkamagaluru, Hassan, and Mysuru districts. Teak, kino, Mahogany, Axle, Sandal, Jack, and bamboo grow in abundance. These trees have commercial value.
• Grasslands and Shrubs: Areas receiving less than 60 cm annual rainfall have this kind of vegetation. Due to scanty rain and dry weather, there is short grass, thorny shrubs, and scrub vegetation, for example; cactus, acacias, babul, Bela, palm trees, Ranchi, Kunti grass, etc. Occasionally banyan, neem, peepul tree, and palas trees grow here and there. This type of Vegetation is seen in Bidar, Kalaburagi, Yadgir, Raichur, Koppal, Vijayapura, Ballad, Chitradurga, and other areas. (OR)

Question 4. What are the geographical factors required for the cultivation of Sugarcane?
Answer:

• Sugar cane is a tropical crop.
• It is grown in areas with high temperatures and heavy rainfall or good irrigation facility.
• Sandy loamy soil and red soil are suitable for the cultivation of sugarcane.
• Since sugarcane has to be transported to the factories as soon as it is harvested, there has to be a good transport facility.

Question 5. Differentiate between renewable and nonrenewable resources.
Answer:
Differences between renewable and nonrenewable resources are:

• The natural resources which get replenished as we use them are called renewable resources.
  Example-Water, are land, forest, air, etc…
• The natural resources which get depleted as we go on using them are called Non-renewable resources.
  Examples- are coal, petroleum, natural gas, etc… (OR)

Question 5. The governments work towards providing good education and health facilities to their citizens. Why?
Answer: People with knowledge, skill, and abilities form the human resource of that country. Since the population of adults is more in India, there is an increase in the workforce. If good education, training, and health facility are provided to human resources, they can be transformed into human capital. They possess the capability to increase the national income and transform society, that is, the population is an asset. If higher investment, is made in the education and health of children, they will be able to earn higher incomes in the future and make valuable contributions to society. Therefore, governments work towards providing good education and health facilities to their citizens.

Social Science Class 9 Practice Paper Set 8 Karnataka Board 

Question 6.“Issue of shares and debentures play a very important role in long-term credit.” What are they? How do they help?
Answer: The capital of a joint stock company is divided into small units called Shares. Debentures are debts or loans borrowed by companies. The shares and debentures are helpful in many ways they are Whenever they need additional capital for long-term purposes, the companies raise the funds through the issue of shares to the public. The joint-stock companies are empowered to borrow finance for meeting long-term financial requirements through the issue of Debentures. (OR)

Question 6. What are the main objectives of controlling areas?
Answer:
The main objectives of controlling area are:

• To create an atmosphere of order and discipline in the organization to ensure proper coordination of activities.
• To ensure confirmation of actual performance with the pre-determined plans.
• To achieve the increase of the overall efficiency of the organization.

Answer the following

Question 1. Explain the administration of the Mughals.
Answer:

• The Mughal rule was hereditary.
• The power was centralized in the ruler and he was the absolute ruler.
• They considered themselves emperors and called themselves ‘Badshahas’.
• iv)Badhshah was the absolute head of administration, military, and judiciary.
• He had ministers to assist him.
• He had absolute powers to appoint or remove ministers.
• Appointing mansabhars, providing land grants and formation of laws were the major functions of the king.
• Persian was the official language.
• The kingdom was divided into Parantha, Sarkar, and Paraganas. Wakil, Dewan, Mirbakshi, and Mukya Sadar were the important ministers in the central government.
• They were assisted by officers like Rajyapal, Bhakti, Vakiya Navis, Kotwal, Fouzudhar, Amal Gujar, and Bathikji.

Karnataka Class 9 Social Science Model Question Papers 2023

Choose the correct alternative and Write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the sheet provided:

Question 1. The First woman to rule Delhi was

1. Razia Sultana
2. Lakshmi Bai
3. Durgavathi
4. Padmini

Answer: 1. Razia Sultana

Question 2. The main teaching of Shankaracharya is

1. Path of knowledge is the way to attain moksha
2. Atma and Paramatma are two different entities
3. Upheld concept of Kayakave Kailasa
4. Atma and Parmatma are like masters and servant

Answer: 1. Path of knowledge is the way to attain moksha

Question 3.One who among the following is not elected by elected members of the Legislative Assembly?

1. The President of India
2. The members of the Rajya Sabha
3. The members of the Legislative Council
4. The members of the Lok Sabha

Answer: 4. The members of the Lok Sabha

Question 4. The presence of innumerable castes and caste-based associations is leading to

1. Communalism
2. Nationalism
3. Colonialism
4. Regionalism

Answer: 1. Communalism

Question 5. Children learn many things from peers that he cannot learn from their parents because their peer is

1. His age group
2. More than his age group
3. Neighbor of child
4. Relative of child

Answer: 1. His age group

Class 9 Karnataka Social Science Sample Papers With Answers 

Question 6.The person who believed in the motto of ‘Industrialize or perish’ was

1. Sir M.Vtsveswaraiah
2. Jawarhalal Nehru
3. Gandhiji
4. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar

Answer: 1.Sir M.Vtsveswaraiah

Question 7. Ibrahim Roza, a pilgrimage is located in

1. Gulbarga
2. Bidar
3. Raichur
4. Vijayapura

Answer: 4. Vijayapura

Question 8.4R strategy related to

1. Automobile engine
2. Conservation of resources
3. Research in science and technology
4. Software technology

Answer: 2. Conservation of resources

Question 9. The credit obtained by the suppliers of goods is

1. Advance from customers
2. Bank credit
3. Trade credit
4. The loan from indigenous bankers

Answer: 3. Trade credit

Question 10. The goods purchased at different places have to be collected at one central place It is known as

1. Assembling
2. Storage and warehousing
3. Transportation
4. Grading

Answer: 2. Storage and warehousing

Fill in the blanks:

1. The retirement age of the High Court judges is 62 years.
2. The Commander-in-Chief of our three Armed Forces is President.
3. ‘Theory of evolution was presented by Darwin.
4. The district which has more females is Udupi.
5. Labour is a Human input in production.

Match the following
A                                                           B
GurjaraPratihars dynasty            MoolarajaI
Garhwalas dynasty                      Dhanga
Parmar dynasty                           Chandradeva
Solankis dynasty                         Nagabhatta
Chandelas dynasty                      Prithviraj
                                                      Upendra Krishna Raja
                                                      Chand Bardai
                                                      Jayachandra

Answer:
GurjaraPratihars dynasty     –      Nagabhatta
Garhwalas dynasty              –      Chandradeva
Parmar dynasty                   –      Upendra Krishna Raja
Solankis dynasty                 –      MoolarajaI
Chandelas dynasty             –      Dhanga

Answer the following

Question 1. Why did Paigambar travel from Mecca to Medina in 622 AD?
Answer: Paigambar opposed polytheism strongly. The enraged people of Mecca conspired to murder him. So Paigambar traveled from Mecca to Medina to save his life in 622 AD.

Question 2.Why did Guru Nanak start ‘Langar’?
Answer: Guru Nanak started ‘Langar ’ a community kitchen where food is prepared and catered to all.

Question 3. What was the opinion of Robert Sewell on Krishnadevaraya?
Answer: Krishnadevaraya was an unparalleled warrior, shrewd commander, and political expert.

Karnataka Class 9 Social Science Model Papers Set 1 Solutions 

Question 4. Which are the cases undertaken by Lok Adalats?
Answer: Lok Adalats take up cases relating to vehicle accidents, land possession, banking, marriage and alimony, laborers’ problems, etc.

Question 5. Name the two Houses of Parliament.
Answer: Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha

Question 6. What is a ‘Nuclear Family’?
Answer: The family which consists of a father-mother and their unmarried children as members are called a Nuclear family.

Question 7. Define city.
Answer: A place that has more population and population density is called a City.

Question 8. There is an improvement in the yield production of cotton. Why?
Answer: As a result of the development of disease-tolerant and high-yield varieties of cotton by the Agricultural Research Institute.
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Question 9. Why Tobacco is the most injurious to health?
Answer: Tobacco belongs to the nicotiana group. It contains an intoxicating substance called nicotine.

Question 10. Name the districts with the highest and the lowest density of population.
Answer: Bengaluru Urban district, has the first position with the largest population, and Kodagu district occupies the last position.

Question 11. What are District Roads?
Answer: Roads that link district headquarters with taluk headquarters, major towns, villages, railways, and major highways are called District roads.

Question 12. What is Global Hunger Index?
Answer: In order to measure the extent of hunger, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) calculates the country-wide hunger index and publishes it in its annual publication ‘Global Hunger Index (GHI)’.

Question 13. Which two aspects consist of the food security system?
Answer:

1. Buffer stock
2. Public Distribution System

Question 14. What is a Double entry system?
Answer: While entering the two aspects of the business we enter two aspects on opposite sides. This system is called the Double entry system.

Answer the following

Question 1. How was Christianity expanded?
Answer: Various nations of Europe established colonies in various parts of the world with the help of Geographical discoveries. They slowly emerged as strong political forces. In order to ensure their continuation of authority, they also supported Christianity. These developments resulted in the growth of Christianity in India and various other countries of the world swiftly.

Question 2. What was the relationship between the Vassal and laborers?
Answer: The vassals took the help of laborers for agriculture. These laborers were given land sufficient for survival as long as they worked with the vassals. They were not given any monetary returns.

Question 3. Why did the French citizen angry at Queen Mary Antoinette?
Answer: Mary Antoinette was the princess of Austria. She was squandering money for her personal indulgences and festivals. She had no concern for the problems of the people. She was interfering in the administration of the nation. People hated her since she was a foreigner and had no love for the French people. The king could not control her. Eventually, the situation went beyond control and led to a revolution.

Karnataka 9th Class Social Science Exam Pattern 2023 

Question 4. What was the condition of Germany before unification?
Answer: Germany was a cluster of independent states. Among them, the larger and more powerful states were Wittenberg, Bavaria, Baden, 1 lea, etc. The rest of them were small. They used to frequently attack each other. These states were politically weak and economically backward.

Question 5. The opposition leader of Lok Sabha is very important in a democratic system. Why?
Answer:
The opposition leader of Lok Sabha plays a very important role in the:

• Highlight the wrongdoings of the ruling government.
• Examine thoroughly the policies of the government.
• Keep the government, council of ministers and officials alert.
• Enjoys dignity in the legislature.

Question 6. Differentiate between regional and national parties.
Answer:
National Parties:

• These types of political parties have branches in many states of that particular nation.
• These are recognized nationwide.
• They have a respectable number of representatives in parliament and also in state legislatures.
• The national political parties are Indian National Congress, Bharatiya Janata Party, and Communist Party.

Regional parties:

• These have branches within that particular state in which it is recognized.
• Recognized within that particular state.
• They form their own government in the state. They also play a major role in making coalition government at the center or in the state.
• Some of the regional political parties are Shivasena (Maharashtra), Janata Dal (Secular) Karnataka, Samajwadi Party (UP), and many more.

Question 7. Which are the two important origins of social change?
Answer:
The two important origins of social change are:

1. Natural reasons like earthquakes, natural calamities, floods, etc.
2. Human mobility and creativity from his new inventions.

Question 8. Name the important East Flowing river of Karnataka.
Answer: The Krishna, Cauvery, Pennar, and Palar Rivers flow eastwards.

Question 9. Explain the geographical location of Karnataka in India.
Answer: It is situated in the Southern part of India, in the Western Central area of the peninsular region. It extends from 11°-31′ North to 18°~45′ North latitude and 740°-12′ East to 78°-40′ East longitude. Its length is 750 km., stretching from Aurad taluk in Bidar district in the northernmost tip of the State to Chamarajnagar district in the south. Its width is 400 km. from west to east. Karwar in Uttar Kannada district is at the western end whereas Mulbagal taluk in Kolar district is at the eastern end. Karnataka state has both land and water frontiers too.

Question 10. Why does the Malnad region get heavy rainfall?
Answer: Malnad region gets heavy rainfall because the height ranges from 900 to 1500 meters from sea level. These hills obstruct the rain-bearing winds from the Arabian Sea and cause heavy rains often more than 200 cm.

Question 11.Why Karnataka is called the ‘Land of Gold’?
Answer: Karnataka occupies the first position in the production of gold in India. It produces 80% of the total gold in India. Hence Karnataka is known as the ‘Land of Gold’.

Question 12. Which are the major tourist attractions of Mysuru.?
Answer: Mysuru is the City of Palaces. Millions of people visit Mysuru during the Dasara festival. Chamundi Hills, K.R. Sagar Dam, and Brindavan, etc., are the other major tourist attractions of Mysuru.

Question 13. Write short notes on National highways.
Answer: Roads that link important cities, capitals of states, and ports are called National highways.

• These are well-planned wide roads and are two-lane, four-lane, and six-lane roads.
• They are under the authority of the Central Government and are managed by the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI).
• There are 14 national highways in Karnataka.
• National highways NH-4 and NH-7 come under the National Highway Authority’s Golden Quadrilateral Highway Project as well as ‘Corridor Project’.
• They have six lanes.

Question 14. The quantity and quality of the labor force in a country are crucial factors. Why?
Answer: Labour is a productive factor of production. It activates the other factors and makes them useful for production purposes. Therefore the quantity and quality of the labor force in a country are crucial factors, in accelerating the development of that country. The higher the labor force, the larger the economic activity and development.

Class 9 Karnataka Social Science Model Questions 2023 Set 1 

Question 15. What are the types of Accounts? Give examples.
Answer:
Accounts are classified into three types. They are:

1. Personal Accounts: banka/c,
2. Real Accounts: Cash a/c furniture a/c
3. Nominal Accounts: interest a/c commission a/c

Answer the following

Question 1. What were the administrative reforms implemented by Mohammad bin Tughlaq?
Answer:
Administrative Reforms:

Revenue Reforms: An official record that had all the details of the lands of the empire was implemented by him. He established the department of agriculture. The uncultivated lands were made cultivable. Various schemes were implemented to provide financial assistance to the farmers. But, the farmers of Do-ab had to pay higher land taxes during his time.

Shifting of his Capital: Mohammed bin Tughlaq shifted his capital from Delhi to Devagiri in central India. There are two main reasons behind this move: to establish the capital city at the center of the vast empire and to protect the capital city from foreign invasions. Though the plan was good, proper precautions were not taken to implement this. As a result, innumerable common people suffered severely.

The experiment of Symbolic Coins: the copper and brass coins were also brought into circulation symbolically. Then, minting coins was not vested with the government alone. Families who had traditional rights to mint coins were also there. The coins were minted more than the required number without the permission of the Sultan. This resulted in chaos. The state treasury became empty due to costly administrative experiments, severe drought, the shifting of the capital city, the process of relocating the capital back, and other measures. (OR)

Question 1. Explain the military achievements of Akbar
Answer: Akbar emerged victorious in the second battle of Panipat. His Prime Minister and royal representative, Bairamkhan came to Akbar’s assistance during the war. With the help of the mighty army, Akbar conquered Malwa, Jaipur, Gondavan, Chittor, Ranathambhor, Kalinjar, Gujarat, and Bengal. The Battle of Haldighat is the most significant battle in the history of medieval India, After the death of the Chittor king, Rana Uday Sing, his son Rana Pratapsingh came to power. Akbar sent his powerful army under the leadership of Generals Mansion and Asaf Khan to fight against Rana Pratap. In the battle at Haldighat, the Moghul army was victorious. The remaining states of Kashmir, Sindh, Orissa, Baluchistan, Khandhar, and Ahmednagar came under Akbar. Thus, he laid the firm foundation for the Moghuls to emerge as a powerful Kingdom in medieval India.

Question 2. Explain the salient features of our Constitution.
Answer:
The salient features of our Constitution are:

• Written and Lengthy Constitution
• Flexible and Rigid Constitution
• Parliamentary Form of Government
• Federal System
• Fundamental Rights
• Fundamental Duties
• Directive Principles of State Policy
• Independent and Centralized Judiciary System
• Single Citizenship y Adult Franchise
• Bicameral Legislature y Party System (OR)

Question 2. Explain the structure of the Legislative Assembly.
Answer:

• The strength of the Vidhana Sabha depends on the population of the State.
• The maximum number of seats in any Vidhana Sabha should not exceed 500 or be below 60.
• The Governor can nominate one member from Anglo Indian community if he feels that they are not represented properly.
• However, the number of seats in small States is less. Example: In Mizoram and Goa, there are 40 members each.
• The Vidhana Sabha in Karnataka has 225 members. 224 members are elected whereas one Anglo-Indian is nominated by the Governor.

Karnataka Class 9 SSLC Social Science Model Paper 2023 Details 

Question 3. Explain the role of the family in socialization.
Answer: Family plays a very important role in the socialization process of a child. Father-mother is direct blood relatives of the child. The idiom Mother is the first teacher of the child is literally true. The behavior, custom, practices, activities, the interaction of father and mother will extremely influence the emotional development of the child. The child learns the first lesson of life values such as love, concern, faith, patience, cooperation, coordination, etc., at home itself. The appreciation from the family always encourages the activities of the child. Children are obedient to their parents because they are old enough in their age, experience, and authority. Due to the socialization process, the hearts of the children blossom, and family is the basic foundation for all these processes. (OR)

Question 3. Differentiate between nomadic communities and rural communities.
Answer:
Characteristics of a nomadic community:

• Nomadism for life: Nomadic people wander for hunting, taming and exhibition of animals, animal husbandry, the practice of native medicine, exhibiting folk arts, etc., for their livelihood.
• Temporary Shelters: Since they have no permanent residence, and lack education and a fixed source of income, they live in temporary shelters erected outside the villages under some trees or in public places.
• Zero or no investment jobs: These communities do not have any economic security. Many of them earn money through rag picking, bucket repairing, fishing, hunting, selling small fancy products, etc.
• Universal Beings: They have immense knowledge of nature. They have a strong belief in nature’s invisible forces and worship them.
• Different Mother tongue: Nomadic community includes many races and every race has its own mother tongue.

Characteristics of rural community:

• Small in size: Generally, the size of the village is small and the population density is low.
• Agriculture and agriculture-related economy: Rural life is more simple. Here agriculture and agriculture-related activities are prominent.
• Community life: Rural people have strong faith in nature. They worship rain. They collectively celebrate festivals and other rituals of local deities. Generally, people live in harmony. Villages evolved on the basis of “One for all and all for one”. Here competition, cheating, superficialness, and exploitation have less or no space at all.
• Democratic Ideals: The Indian villages are being bulk on the basis of democracy these days. In many villages, all the members of the village participate in a few activities. The participation of villagers in the functioning of Gram Panchayats is another good example.
• Lack of Civic Infrastructure: The lack of basic infrastructure that is needed to ensure basic civic facilities like health, education, civic protection, and the judiciary are more prevalent in rural communities.

Question 4. Explain the condition of Karnataka during the summer season.
Answer: During the Summer season, it is very hot, dry, and sultry. After March, the temperature rises uniformly all over the state and reaches the maximum during April and May. Raichur has recorded a temperature of 45.60 Celsius and it is the hottest place in Karnataka. The temperature is high even in the other districts of northern maidan. In general, the whole of Karnataka experiences hot climatic conditions during this time. The humidity is lower in the Northern maidan than in the Southern maidan. In summer, due to great evaporation, rain-bearing clouds are produced and they bring conventional rain along with lightning and thunder. The Hailstones fall in some places. This generally takes place for a short time during the afternoon. Since these showers enable the flowering of coffee plants, they are called ‘Cherry Blossoms’, and since they help the mango crop, they are also known as ‘Mango showers’. About. 7% of the annual rainfall of the state occurs during this season. (OR)

Question 4. What are the geographical factors required for the cultivation of Cotton?
Answer: Cotton is a fiber crop. Cotton is a crop of the tropics and the sub-tropics. Moderate rainfall, high temperature, and black soil are suitable for its growth. Cotton is akhariferop. It is sown in August-September. It is a rain-fed crop. It can also be grown with the help of an irrigation facility.

Question 5. What steps would you take to conserve energy use in school and at home?
Answer:
The steps taken to conserve energy use in school and at home are:

• Put off all lights when not in use
• Turn the air conditioner and heater off at night
• Get outside! Outside activities are fun and take less energy
• Keep door and winds shut when heating and cooling the house/car (OR)

Question 5. Both the birth rate and the death rate are high, and the population growth rate also remains very low in the backward stage. Why?
Answer: Backward stage: In a backward economy health facilities are lagging and people lack awareness about the advantages and means of birth control. People are also superstitious and bound by customs and traditions. Due to this, both the birth rate and the death rate are high resulting in lower population growth.

Social Science Class 9 Model Paper Set 1 Marking Scheme

Question 6. Differentiate between Short term finance and Long term finance
Answer:
Short-Term Finance: Finance that is required for day-to-day working is called Short term finance,

• It is required to meet the working capital needs, i.e. to purchase raw materials, pay wages and salaries, meet the marketing and administrative expenses,
• There is always a time gap between sales and receipt of sale proceeds. To fill the financial gap between these two processes namely sales and receipt of sale proceeds sufficient funds are required. Hence there is a need for short-term finance.
• Long-term finance refers to finance required for the development programs such as an expansion of the level of production, modernization of production methods, etc., This type of finance is also required for financing the fixed capital of an undertaking. Example: To procure fixed assets, establish new undertaking, etc. raised against securities. It is raised by Joint Stock Companies, through the issue of shares and debentures. Also raised through term loans from financial institutions. (OR)

Question 6.“Directing and co-ordinations are very important functions in business management” how?
Answer:

• Directing is the area of functional management where instructing, guiding, supervising, and leading the people of an organization towards the accomplishment of the organizational goals. It is issuing orders or instructions to the sub-ordinates and making certain that the instructions are properly carried out and the operations are successfully planned.
• Coordination is the harmonious blending of the activities of the different departments for the achievement of the desired goals. It is the arrangement of group efforts to provide unity of actions in the pursuit of a common purpose.

Answer the following.

Question 1. Explain the art and architecture of the Vijayanagar period.
Answer: The excellent work done by Vijayanagar kings in the fields of art and architecture is memorable.

• Temples, palaces, forts, towers, huge halls (maha mandapa), public buildings, tanks, bunds, canals, and dams were constructed.
• The Vijayanagar kings continued the architectural style of Chalukyas, Cholas, and Hoysalas.
• The unique feature of their architecture was the construction of huge auditorium and marriage halls.
• Temples had huge towers (rayagopura), leaf-shaped arches, and platforms.
• Ornamentation, the qualities of grandeur, awe, and elegance were given importance.
• Rough granite stone (kanashile) was used for the construction of these structures.

KSEEB Solutions Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Biosphere Points To Remember

The biosphere is the fourth component of the earth and it is the totality of all living things on earth. Ecology is the study of the interaction of living organisms with their physical, chemical and biological environment. In a natural environment, there is a perfect balance between the various organisms living together in the biosphere. This is known as ecological. The environment is the surrounding where an organism, a community or an object exists. The environment is of two types- Natural or geographical and Cultural or man-made. Pollutants are substances that cause pollution. Pollutants are natural and man-made.

Manmade pollutants are considered to be more dangerous and hazardous than natural pollutants. The pollutants may be visible like smoke, gases, dust, garbage, sewage, etc., and invisible like bacteria, toxic chemicals mixed with water, food, soil, etc.

According to World Health Organisation (W.H.O)., air pollution is defined as, Substances put into the air by the activity of mankind in concentration, sufficient to cause harmful effects to health, vegetation and property.

Read and Learn More KSEEB Solutions for Class 8 Social Science

The important sources of air pollutants are Natural: Volcanoes, forest fires, cosmic dust, etc. Man-made: Gases from industries, domestic use, automobiles, mining, nuclear power plants, nuclear explosions, etc.

Water pollution is ‘an alteration in physical, chemical and biological characteristics of water which may have harmful effects on human and aquatic life.

Soil pollution is a ‘decrease in the quality of soils either due to human sources or natural sources or by both’.

Noise pollution is ‘any undesirable sound dumped into the atmosphere leading to health hazards ’. The temperature of the earth is increasing slowly over the years. For the last few years, global temperature has increased This phenomenon is termed Global warming.

The warming of the atmosphere is caused by the greenhouse effect and the trapping of heat by the atmosphere. The world getting warmer, climatic zones are shifting, glaciers are melting and the sea level is rising due to global warming Example:- the high rate of melting of ice in the Himalayas, Arctic and Antarctic regions.

Carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases trap the heat radiated from the earth. Thus increasing in greenhouse gases is causing an increase in temperature. This is called the ‘Greenhouse effect. Ozone absorbs ultraviolet rays and protects all forms of life on the earth’s surface. In recent years the use of air conditioners, refrigerators, sprays and deodorants is destroying the ozone due to the synthetic chemicals released into the atmosphere, primarily ‘chlorofluorocarbons’ (CFC).

The highest ozone depletion in the world is recorded in the atmosphere over Antarctica. The ozone depletion has caused the ozone hole. This has to be controlled for the sake of the people of the present and future generations.

Acid rain contains high amounts of acids particularly sulphuric acid and carbon monoxide. Acid rain is also referred to as ‘ lake killer’. The ‘Black Triangle’ stretching over Poland, the Czech Republic and Southeast Germany is one of the worst acid rain-affected regions in the world. The variety of flora (plants) and fauna (animals) in a region is known as biodiversity.

The conservation of ‘Biodiversity’ is very important to save and protect rare plants and animal species. Providing a good environment. condition for their living is the best means of protection.

Class 8 Geography Biosphere KSEEB Notes 

Answer the following questions:

Question 1. What is Biosphere?
Answer: The biosphere is the fourth component of the earth and it is the totality of all living things on earth.

Question 2. Define ecology.
Answer: Ecology is the study of the interaction of living organisms with their physical, chemical and biological environment.

Question 3. Name the different types of environmental pollution.
Answer: Air pollution, Water pollution, Soil pollution and Noise pollution are the different types of environmental pollution.

Question 4. What are the measures to control water pollution?
Answer:
Measures to control water pollution are:

Industrial effluents must be treated

Drinking water sources must be kept clean

Sewage treatment plants must be established

Disposal of waste on the water bodies must be controlled, etc.

KSEEB Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Questions And Answers 

Question 5. What is Bio-diversity?
Answer: The variety of flora (plants) and fauna (animals) in a region is known as biodiversity.

Biosphere Define the following:

Biosphere: The biosphere is the fourth component of the earth and it is the totality of all living things on earth.

Ecological imbalance: In a natural environment, there is no perfect balance between the various organisms living together in the biosphere. This is known as an ecological imbalance.

Global warming: The temperature of the earth is increasing slowly over the years. For the last few years, global temperature has increased. This phenomenon is termed Global warming.

Greenhouse effect: The greenhouse effect is the increase of greenhouse gases causing an increase in temperature.

Ozone depletion: Damages caused in the Ozone layer are called Ozone depletion.

Acid rain: The rain contains high amounts of acids particularly sulphuric acid and carbon monoxide.

Biosphere Terms to remember:

Pollution: Pollution is the unfavourable alteration of our surroundings, wholly or partly by human action through direct and indirect effects.

Environmental Day: It is celebrated on 5’h June every year to protect Environment.

Climate change: Desirable or undesirable changes take place in the atmosphere.

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC): A pollutant which causes air pollution.

Earth Hour and Earth Day: A measure to save ‘Mother Planet’.

‘Save Earth’: To ‘Save Earth’ and ‘Mother Planet’ we must educate people, formulate awareness programmes, utilize resources judiciously, and control pollution awareness through education, symposiums, seminars, skits, films, and summits.

Biosphere Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and Write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the sheet provided:

Question 1. The fourth component of the earth which is the totality of all living things on earth is

1. Atmosphere
2. Hydrosphere
3. Biosphere
4. Lithosphere

Answer: 3. Biosphere

Question 2. An Example of an invisible pollutant is

1. Smoke
2. Gases
3. Dust
4. Toxic chemicals mixed with water

Answer: 4. Toxic chemicals mixed with water

Question 3. An Example of visible pollutants is

1. Bacteria
2. Toxic chemicals mixed with soil
3. Dust
4. Toxic chemicals mixed with water

Answer: 3. Dust

Question 4. The Natural sources of air pollutants are

1. Volcanoes and forest fire
2. Cosmic dust and automobiles
3. Mining and nuclear power plants
4. Nuclear explosions and forest fire

Answer: 1. Volcanoes and forest fire

KSEEB Geography Chapter 5 Class 8 Multiple Choice Questions 

Question 5. The Man-made sources of air pollutants are

1. Volcanoes and forest fire
2. Cosmic dust and automobiles
3. Mining and nuclear power plants
4. Nuclear explosions and forest fire

Answer: 3. Mining and nuclear power plants

Question 6. Ozone depletion takes place due to

1. Soil pollution
2. Sound pollution
3. Air pollution
4. Water pollution

Answer: 3. Air pollution

Question 7. The effects of water pollution are

1. Cholera and typhoid
2. Wasteland and destruction of microorganisms
3. Headaches and restlessness
4. Cardiovascular diseases and behavioural changes

Answer: 1. Cholera and typhoid

Question 8. The Natural pollutants for Noise pollution are

1. Industrial noise and automobiles
2. Aircraft and domestic noise
3. Waterfalls and ocean waves
4. Domestic noise and mining

Answer: 3. Waterfalls and ocean waves

Question 9. The greenhouse gas which results in Greenhouse effects is

1. Carbon dioxide
2. Oxygen
3. Ethene
4. Nitrogen

Answer: 1. Carbon dioxide

Question 10. The highest ozone depletion in the world is recorded in the atmosphere over

1. Arctic
2. Antarctica
3. North America
4. Europe

Answer: 2. Antarctica

Biosphere Answer The Following Questions in a Sentence Each

Question 1. What is Ecological balance?
Answer: In a natural environment, there is a perfect balance between the various organisms living together in the biosphere. This is known as ecological balance.

Question 2. What is meant by Ecosystem?
Answer: An ecosystem is defined as the total assemblage of components entering into the interactions of a group of organisms.

Question 3. What is Soil pollution?
Answer: Environmental pollution is the unfavourable alteration of our surroundings, wholly or partly by human action through direct and indirect effects.

Question 4. What is Noise pollution?
Answer: Noise pollution is ‘any undesirable sound dumped into the atmosphere leading to health hazards.

Question 5. What is a killer lake?
Answer: Acid rain is also referred to as‘ lake killer’.

Question 6. What are the Pollutants?
Answer: Pollutants are substances that cause pollution.

Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Guide On Biosphere KSEEB 

Biosphere Answer the following questions in four to five sentences each:

Question 1. What is the significance of the ecosystem?
Answer: Without ecosystem or ecological balance in the biosphere one cannot imagine the existence of plants, animals and microorganisms either single or in a community. Every organism adjusts itself to its physical habitat.

Question 2. What is the Environment? Mention its types.
Answer: Environment is the surrounding where an organism, a community or an object exists. The environment is of two types:

1. Natural or geographical and
2. Cultural or man-made.

Question 3. What are the main causes of Environmental pollution?
Answer: The factors like overpopulation, industrialization, urbanization, over-exploitation of resources, over-utilization of automobiles, etc. have influenced a change in the living conditions of plants, animals and human beings.

Question 4. What is air pollution according to World Health Organisation (W.H.O)?
Answer: According to World Health Organisation (W.H.O)., air pollution is defined as, ‘Substances put into the air by the activity of mankind in concentration, sufficient to cause harmful effects to his health, vegetation and property.

Question 5. What are the main causes of air pollution?
Answer:
The important sources of air pollutants are:

Natural: Volcanoes, forest fires, cosmic dust, etc.

Man-made: Gases from industries, domestic use, automobiles, mining, nuclear power plants, nuclear explosions, etc.

Question 6. Air pollution affects human beings and the environment. Justify.
Answer: The important effects are changes in weather and climatic conditions, ozone depletion, the greenhouse effect, global warming, an effect on human health, a problem with the respiratory system, and an effect on the life of animals and plants.

Question 7. How can air pollution be controlled?
Answer: Control of gaseous pollutants, control of emissions from automobiles, planting of more trees, use of non-conventional energy sources, awareness programme, legal control, literacy and education etc.

Question 8. List out Natural and manmade causes of water pollution
Answer:
The important sources of water pollution are:

Natural: Soil erosion, landslides, volcanic eruption, decay and decomposition of plants and animals etc.

Man-made: Industrial effluents, urban waste, domestic waste, agricultural waste, thermal waste, oil spill, offshore drilling, nuclear waste etc.

KSEEB Class 8 Biosphere Study Materials 

Question 9. Mention the sources of soil pollution.
Answer: Sources of soil pollution are, industrial and mining waste, Domestic and urban waste, agricultural waste, nuclear waste etc.

Question 10. What are the effects of soil pollution?
Answer:
The Effects of soil pollution are:

It decreases the fertility of the soil

It converts the region into a wasteland

It destroys the microorganisms in the soil

Question 11. How can soil pollution be controlled?
Answer: Measures to control soil pollution are Controlled and judicious use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and insecticides, proper disposal of industrial and urban waste, proper use of land and crop management, awareness programmes on proper soil utilization and its maintenance etc.

Question 12. Why noise pollution is most dangerous than other pollution?
Answer: Noise pollution causes a temporary or permanent hearing problems, headaches, restlessness, cardiovascular diseases, Psychological disorder, behavioural changes, lack of concentration, etc.

Question 13. The temperature of the earth is increasing slowly over the years. Why?
Answer: The warming of the atmosphere is caused by the greenhouse effect and the trapping of heat by the atmosphere. The world getting warmer, climatic zones are shifting, glaciers are melting and the sea level is rising due to global warming Example:-the high rate of melting of ice in the Himalayas, Arctic and Antarctic regions.

Question 14. The conservation of ‘Biodiversity’ is very important. Why?
Answer:

To save and protect rare plants and animal species.

The earth is the only living planet in our solar system.

The way in which changes, disturbances, and hazards are taking place on the earth, can lead to the destruction of the quality of life on our earth in the near future.

KSEEB Solutions Class 8 Sociology Chapter 2 Culture Points To Remember

Culture and society are two faces of the same coin. Human beings’ Social, religious, political, economic and spiritual aspects are decided by culture. Culture is considered the main aspect of social change. It is considered the biological system of social tradition. The word ‘Culture’ is used in a specific sense in Sociology and Anthropology.

Read and Learn More KSEEB Solutions for Class 8 Social Science

Culture means the transfer of knowledge, experience, belief, value, behaviour, hierarchy, and relationship from generation to generation. Hence, culture is called a system of life and knowledge shared among a social group.
The word culture is derived from the Latin word “Colere’. ‘Colere’ means cultivate or tend in Latin.
According to E.B. Tylor, “Culture is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, rules and regulations, traditions and any other capabilities earned by the human being as a member of society”.
According to Malinowski, “the tool created by the human being to design his aims of life is called as Culture”.
Culture is divided into material culture and non-material culture. In order to explain the unique features of culture, Ogburn divides culture into material and non-material culture. Both are human-made.
According to him, material culture is created by human beings by converting natural resources into man-made structures like houses, buildings, bridges, roads, dams, machines, production centres, industries, computers, technology and others.
Material culture is called civilisation. Material culture undergoes change swiftly. Non-material culture means human achievements.
Tradition, belief, ritual and custom, moral values, ideals, Art, literature, religion, language and many others are examples of non-material culture. Culture provides the knowledge needed for the social and physical existence of human beings.
The present and the past knowledge is stored in the form of proverbs, paintings, folksongs, and writings and passed on to the next generation either orally or by written texts.
Culture is the base of the evolution of human society. Culture is part and parcel of human society since the beginning of civilisation.
The social world of humans consists of various societies with numerous human relationships. Culture and society are two faces of the same coin. Culture makes human beings different from other animals.
Similarly, various artisans display their skills here. These displays are also cultural expressions. Many performers narrate the local versions of Ramayana and Mahabharata.
Similarly, during Republic day celebrations, the entire nation’s cultural diversity is showcased. Tableaus depicting various cultural aspects of India get displayed in our capital city. A tableau displaying the rural life of northern Karnataka is displayed along with another tableau displaying rural Rajasthan. Every year, the Republic Day celebrations showcase our unity in diversity.

Culture Exercises

Fill in the blanks with appropriate words:

1. Culture means co-existence
2. Customs means Cultural activities.
3. Unity in diversity is found in India.
4. A mutual relationship is found between culture and society.
5. Culture is the Medium of transfer of ideas from generation to generation.

Culture Answer the following in a sentence:

Question 1. What is culture?
Answer: Culture means the transfer of knowledge, experience, belief, value, behaviour, hierarchy, and relationship from generation to generation.

Class 8 Sociology Culture KSEEB Notes 

Question 2. Give examples of cultural diversity present in your neighbourhood.
Answer: Tableaus depicting various cultural aspects of India get displayed during the republic day celebration. The groups of people who participate in fairs belong to different languages, customs and cultural groups.

Question 3. Who divided the culture into two groups?
Answer: Ogburn divides culture into material and non-material cultures.

Question 4. What is material culture?
Answer: Material culture is created by human beings by converting natural resources into manmade structures.
Example: House, buildings, bridges, roads, dams, machines, production centres, industries, computers, technology and others

Question 5. What is non-material culture?
Answer: Non-material culture means human achievements.
Example: Tradition, belief, ritual and custom, moral values, ideals, Art, literature, religion, language and many others are examples of non-material culture.

Culture Answer the following in four-five sentences:

Question 1. What is a custom? Give examples.
Answer: Aspects of culture followed by a particular group of people.

Question 2. Explain cultural diversity.
Answer: Every social group has its own culture. Hence, culture is not uniform. Aspects of culture like customs, moral values, art, and belief language differ from society to society considerably. The difference is also visible in rural, urban and tribal societies. In food habits, the difference is visible when comparing south Karnataka to North Karnataka. Not only this, even people living in the same place tend to have a different culture. Achieving unity in this diversity is important.

Question 3. Explain the features of Culture.
Answer:

Culture is abstract: The accepted way of life is carried from one generation to another generation.
Culture is social: Culture means sharing a community’s way of life, food, dress, and rituals and living with them.
Culture is Learnt: Culture does not come by birth. It is not nature made either. Children learn from teachers, form elders in the house, and they also learn from friends
Culture means co-existence: Culture ensures sharing of traditions, values, knowledge, beliefs, and other aspects necessary for human existence.
Culture is continuous: Though art, imagination, rules and regulations get formulated into a complex environment; it sustains itself with minor changes.
Culture is diverse: Every social group has its own culture. Hence, culture is not uniform. Aspects of culture like customs, moral values, art, belief, and language differ from society to society considerably.

Question 4. Culture and society are two faces of the same coin. How?
Answer: Culture and society are two faces of the same coin. Human beings’ Social, religious, political, economic and spiritual aspects are decided by culture. Culture is considered the main aspect of social change. It is considered the biological system of social tradition.

KSEEB Class 8 Sociology Chapter 2 Questions And Answers 

Question 5. Explain the features of the fair.
Answer:

Fairs are the most important cultural ritual of rural societies in India.
They function as a temporary market for the neighbouring villages.
It is a place where agricultural produce is sold or bought.
They are also the widow for entertainment soon after harvest season.
People participate in the fairs irrespective of their caste, creed and language. Fairs reinforce social relationships.
They display their cultural expressions.
The groups of people who participate in these fairs belong to different languages, customs and cultural groups.

Culture Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and Write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the sheet provided:

Question 1. The word culture is derived from the Latin word

1. Colere
2. Colour
3. Culture
4. coolere

Answer: 1. Colere

Question 2.‘Colere’ means cultivate or tend in

1. English
2. Latin
3. Greek
4. Sanskrit

Answer: 2. Latin.

Question 3.According to Ogburn, which one among the following is material culture?

1. House
2. Tradition
3. Belief
4. Ritual

Answer: 1. House

KSEEB Sociology Chapter 2 Class 8 Multiple Choice Questions 

Question 4.According to Ogburn, which one among the following is non-material culture?

1. Building
2. Bridge
3. Road
4. Tradition

Answer: 4. Tradition

Culture Answer the following in a sentence:

Question 1. What is culture according to E.B. Tyler?
Answer: According to E.B. Tylor, “Culture is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, rules and regulations, traditions and any other capabilities earned by the human being as a member of society”.

Question 2. What is culture according to Malinowski?
Answer: According to Malinowski, “the tool created by the human being to design his aims of life is called Culture”.

Question 3. Which are the two types of culture?
Answer: Culture is divided into material culture and non-material culture.

Question 4. Culture makes human society unique and meaningful. Justify.
Answer: Culture indicates progress in lifestyle, music, literature, art, science and technology of any given human society. Culture makes human society unique and meaningful.

Question 5. Culture is called a system of life and knowledge shared among a social group. Justify.
Answer: Culture means the transfer of knowledge, experience, belief, value, behaviour, hierarchy, and relationship from generation to generation. Hence, culture is called a system of life and knowledge shared among a social group.

Class 8 Sociology Chapter 2 Guide On Culture KSEEB 

Question 6. Culture is abstract. Why?
Answer: Culture means the lifestyle of a social group. The accepted way of life is carried from one generation to another generation. This process of shifting remains abstract. Hence culture is abstract

Question 7. Culture is social. Why?
Answer: Culture is not personal. It means sharing a community’s way of life, food, dress, and rituals and living with them. Hence Culture is social.

Culture Answer the following in four to five sentences each:

Question 1. List out the importance of culture in human life.
Answer:

Culture is the treasure of knowledge
Culture explains situations
Culture defines Values
Culture explains behavioural models

Question 2. Differentiate between material culture and non-material culture.
Answer:

Material culture includes all those physical objects that are visible to the eyes and the tools used by human beings.
Material culture is created by human beings by converting natural resources into manmade structures like houses, buildings, bridges, roads, dams, machines, production centres, industries, computers, technology and others.
Material culture is called civilisation.
Material culture undergoes change swiftly.
Non-material culture includes thoughts, ideas, beliefs and values.
Non-material culture means human achievements.
Tradition, belief, ritual and custom, moral values, ideals, Art, literature, religion, language and many others are examples of non-material culture. Non-material culture undergoes slow to change.

Question 3. What are the features of culture?
Answer:
The features of culture are:

1. Culture is abstract
2. Culture is social
3. Culture is Learnt
4. Culture means co-existence
5. Culture is continuous
6. Culture is diverse

Question 4. Culture is learnt. Why?
Answer: Culture-doesn’t come by birth. It is not nature made either. This gets formed in interactions with various members of society. This means a child receives culture through the process of socialisation. Behaviours learned through interactions with various people, discussion is called culture. Children learn from teachers, and from elders in the house, and they also learn from friends.

Solutions For Culture KSEEB Class 8 Sociology 

Question 5. Culture is a treasure of knowledge. Justify.
Answer: Culture provides the knowledge needed for the social and physical existence of human beings. Animals survive and get adjusted to their natural environment with the help of instincts, Human beings have to utilise their learned knowledge in order to survive. Language is part of the culture. The future generation is guided by the present generation using language as a tool. The present and the past knowledge is stored in the form of proverbs, paintings, folksongs, and writings and passed on to the next generation either orally or by written texts:

Question 6. Culture has the capacity to strengthen human relationships. How?
Answer: People are expected to live without discrimination based on caste, creed and language. This value orientation creates a thought process. This thought process builds a set of attitudes. Hence, culture has the capacity to strengthen human relationships.

Question 7. Culture explains behavioural models. Justify.
Answer: Culture provides aims and means to achieve them in human society. It supports those behaviours that are complementary to societal aims. Similarly, it punishes those behaviours that are against societal aims. The correction done by the teachers and elders whenever undesirable behaviour happens in children is an example of this process.

Question 8. The relationship between culture and society is mutual. Why?
Answer: Culture is the base of the evolution of human society. Culture is part and parcel of human society since the beginning of civilisation. Culture is an indivisible part of society. Human interaction is based on culture. Without human interactions, no society can be in existence. Hence, without culture, there is no society and without society, there is no culture.