KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 Social Science Economics Chapter 2 Human Resources Of India

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 Social Science Economics Chapter 2 Human Resources Of India Points To Remember

The poor people are not able to earn sufficient income to get two square meals a day and they suffer from malnutrition. Due to a lack of education, training and skills, their chances of employment are few, the jobs they have will be permanent and the income they get is low.

The condition in which people are deprived of their fundamental needs like food, clothing, shelter education and health is called poverty. Before independence, one of the founding fathers of India, DadabhaiNaoroji, brought into use, for the first time, the poverty line to identify the poor. Even after independence, the poverty line has been used as the main yardstick to measure poverty.

• In 2005, the Suresh Tendulkar committee adopted the Monthly Per-Capita Expenditure (MPCE) on education, health, electricity and transport, along with food, to determine the poverty line.
• The main causes of poverty are rapid increase in population, low level and growth of national income, rise in the price level, unemployment and capital deficiency.
• The main features of poverty are hunger and penury. Poor families do not get food easily or adequately. They do not have the means to buy food. Thus, they face food insecurity.

KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 Human Resources of India

A yardstick known as the ‘World Hunger Index’ has been formulated to measure the amount of world hunger. This yardstick has been formulated based on four factors under-nourishment, Child wasting, Child stunting and child mortality.

• Food Security refers to that system which ensures the provision of food at all times to everyone in the country.

The food security system consists of two aspects namely:

1. Buffer stock
2. Public Distribution System.

• The government buys the excessive food grains from the farmers at the time of harvest through the Food Corporation of India (FCI) which was established in 1965.
• The food grains collected by the Food Corporation of India are distributed to poor people at low prices through government-controlled fair-price depots. This is called the public distribution system.
• The government has implemented the Integrated Children’s Development Scheme (ICDS), The Midday Meal Programme and Antyodaya Anna Yojana to remove hunger and malnutrition among the poor.
• The Poverty elevation programmes are:

1. Economic development measures
2. Implementation of poverty eradication programmes,
3. Provision of the minimum basic requirements,
4. Social Security Measures

Class 9 Economics Human Resources of India KSEEB Notes

Self-employment programmes are :

1. The Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP) was implemented in 1980.

2. The ‘Swarnajayanti Grama Swaudyog Yojana’ (SGSY) was implemented in 1999.

• ‘Wage Employment Programs’ have been implemented to provide jobs on a daily wage basis to poor, unskilled people with no property.
• In 2006, the ‘Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme was implemented to provide a minimum of 100 days of work in a year in order to provide stability in their lives.
• The facility of health insurance is being provided to poor people under the ‘Yashaswini Yojana’.
• Houses are being constructed for them under ‘Indira Avaas Yojana’ and ‘Valmiki-Ambedkar Avaas Yojana’. Toilets are being constructed under the ‘NinnalGram’ programme.
• In 2000, ‘Prime Minister’s GramodayaYojana’ (PMGY) was implemented. Under this programme, the rural poor are being provided with primary education, primary health care, shelter, drinking water, rural lighting and other services.
• The protection that the government provides to the helpless, the aged and the handicapped among the very poor people is called Social Security.
• Deserted old people get Old Age Allowance every month under ‘Sandhya Suraksha Yojana’.

Human Resources Of India Textual Questions And Answers

Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. The poor percentage according to NSSO in 2004-05 was 3017 lakh.
2. The Indian government has established the Food Corporation of India to buy and store food grains.
3. The Health Insurance that is provided to poor people is called Yashaswini Yojana.
4. The project programme for providing an old age pension is ‘Sandhya Suraksha Yojana’.
5. The price at which the government purchase before sowing is called the Support price.

KSEEB Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 Question and Answers

Answer the following in a sentence each:

Question 1. Give the meaning of poverty.
Answer: The condition in which people are deprived of their fundamental needs like food, clothing, shelter education and health is called poverty.

Question 2. What are the basic requirements of a human being?
Answer: The basic requirements of a human being are food, clothing, shelter education and health.

SSLC Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 Solutions Karnataka Board

Question 3. What is the ‘poverty line?
Answer: The estimated minimum level of income needed to secure the basic necessities of life.

Question 4. What is the indicator framed to measure the amount of hunger?
Answer: Global Hunger Index (GHI) is the indicator framed to measure the amount of hunger.

Question 5. What is ‘food security?
Answer: Food Security refers to that system which ensures the provision of food at all times to everyone in the country.

Answer the following in 5-6 sentences each:

Question 1. How is poverty identified in India?
Answer:
Poverty was identified in India using the following methods:

• Suresh Tendulkar’s committee adopted monthly per-capita income on education, health, electricity and transport, along with food to determine the poverty line.
• Dadabhai Naoroji. used the concept of the poverty line to identify the poor.
• C Rangarajan committee fixed the poverty line expenditure at Rs. 32 in rural areas and Rs. 43 in urban areas.

Question 2. What are the indicators of poverty?
Answer: The indicators of poverty are rapid increase in population, low level and growth of national income, rise in the price level, unemployment and capital deficiency.

Human Resources of India Class 9 KSEEB Important Questions

Question 3. What are the reasons for the persistence of hunger in India?
Answer:
The reasons for the persistence of hunger in India are:

• Lack of purchasing power among the poor
• Shortcomings in the distribution of food grains.

Question 4. Explain the working system of public distribution in India.
Answer: The food grains collected by the Food Corporation of India are distributed to poor people at low prices through government-controlled fair price depots. This is called the public distribution system. Food grains, sugar, kerosene, cooking oil and other essential ingredients are distributed through the lair price depots. These items are sold at rates much lower than the market rates. The government has enabled fair-price depots to be opened in almost all villages, towns and cities.

KSEEB Class 9 Economics Human Resources of India Summary

Question 5. List out the measures taken by the government to eradicate poverty.
Answer:
The Poverty elevation programmes are:

• Economic development measures
• Implementation of poverty eradication programmes
• Self-employment programmes
• Wage employment programmes.
• Provision of the minimum basic requirements like
• The facility of health insurance is being provided to poor people under the ‘Yashaswini Yojana’.
• Flouses are being constructed for them under ‘Indira Avaas Yojana and ‘Valmiki-Ambedkar
• Avaaz Yojana’. Toilets are being constructed under the ‘NirmalGram’ programme.
• Social Security Measures: under this deserted old people get Old Age Allowance every month under ‘Sandhya Suraksha Yojana’.

Human Resources Of India Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the answer sheet provided.

Question 1. The programme introduced to provide health insurance is

1. Nirmal Gram programme
2. Yashaswini Yojana
3. Sandhya Suraksha Yojana
4. Prime Minister’s Gramodaya Yojana

Answer: 2. Yashaswini Yojana

Question 2. The programme which is introduced to construct toilets is

1. Prime Minister’s Gramodaya Yojana
2. Y Ashwini Yojana
3. Sandhya Suraksha Yojana
4. Nirmal Gram programme

Answer: 4. Nirmal Gram’s programme

Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 Human Resources of India Worksheet

Question 3. The programme introduced to provide an Old Age Allowance every month is

1. Sandhya Suraksha Yojana
2. Prime Minister’s Gramodaya Yojana
3. Yashaswini Yojana
4. Swamajayanti Grama Swaudyog Yojana

Answer: 1. Sandhya Suraksha Yojana

Question 4. The Indian leader who created a yardstick to measure poverty is

1. DadabhaiNaoroji
2. Gandhiji
3. Vishveshwaraiah
4. Amartya Sen

Answer:1. DadabhaiNaoroji

Question 5. The Food Corporation of India (FCI) was established in the year.

1. 1975
2. 1960
3. 1965
4. 1963

Answer: 3. 1965

SSLC Class 9 Economics Human Resources of India Notes PDF

Answer the following question in 2-6 sentences each:

Question 1. Which are schemes implemented to remove hunger and malnutrition among the poor?
Answer: The government has implemented the Integrated Children’s Development Scheme (ICDS), The Midday Meal Programme and Antyodaya Anna Yojana to remove hunger and malnutrition among the poor.

Question 2. Which are the Poverty elevation programmes introduced in India?
Answer:
The Poverty elevation programmes are:

• Economic development measures
• Implementation of poverty eradication programmes,
• Provision of the minimum basic requirements,
• Social Security Measures

Question 3. Name the Self-employment programmes introduced to eradicate poverty.
Answer:
Self-employment programmes are:

• The ‘Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP) was implemented in 1980.
• The ‘Swamajayanti Grama Swaudyog Yojana’ (SGSY) was implemented in 1999.

Question 4. Why were ‘Wage Employment Programs’ implemented?
Answer: ‘Wage Employment Programs’ have been implemented to provide jobs on a daily wage basis to poor, unskilled people with no property.

Question 5. Why was the ‘Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme’ Implemented?
Answer: In 2006, the ‘Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme was implemented to provide a minimum of 100 days of work in a year in order to provide stability in their lives.

Question 6. Name the schemes which are introduced to provide houses to poor people.
Answer: Houses are being constructed for them under ‘Indira Avaas Yojana’ and ‘Valmiki-Ambedkar Avaas Yojana’.

Karnataka State Board Class 9 Economics Chapter 2 Explanation

Question 7. Why was ‘Prime Minister’s Gramodaya Yojana’ (PMGY) implemented?
Answer: Under this programme, the rural poor are being provided with primary education, primary health care, shelter, drinking water, rural lighting and other services.

Question 8. What is meant by Social Security?
Answer: The protection that the government provides to the helpless, the aged and the handicapped among the very poor people is called Social Security.