KSEEB Class 10 SSLC History Chapter 5 Social and Religious Reformation Movements Notes

Establishment Of Brahmo Samaj And Reformations And Young Bengal Movement

The nineteenth century is considered as the reformation and new awakening time in the Indian history.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy started ‘Athmiya Sabha’ in Calcutta and this Sabha aimed at eradicating socio-religious maladies from the society of Bengal.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy started ‘Brahmo Samaj’ in 1828 as he wanted to purge Hinduism by removing caste system and superstitions.
‘Brahmo Samaj’ opposed meaningless rituals, advocated Monotheism and also opposed child marriage.

KSEEB Class 10 SSLC History Chapter 5 notes Medium Low

‘Brahmo Samaj’ intended to assure equality to woman by opposing Polygamy.

Governor General William Bentinck brought in a law prohibiting the Sati System in 1829 due to the efforts of Ram Mohan Roy.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy published a journal named ‘Samvada Komudhi’ in Bengali language and tried to develop rationality among the common people through journalism.
Rabindranath Tagore has called Ram Mohan Roy as the harbinger of modern India, progenitor of Indian Social Reformation Movement and ‘the Prophet of Indian Nationalism’.
When the wave of modernization started moving across North India, many new movements started arising during 1820s and 1830s and Calcutta was the centre of this new thinking.
Henry Louis Vivian Derozio started ‘Young Bengal Movement’. Henry was an Anglo – Indian. He was an advocate of Women Rights and opposed caste based discrimination.
Henry Derozio was a professor at Hindu College of Calcutta from 1826 to 1831. He was influenced by the various movements of Europe and tried to instill the spirit of free enquiry
in the mind of his students and colleagues.
The Young Bengal Movement held discussions and debates on issues like nature, humanism, God, etc.
Derozio died at a young age of 22 years due to cholera.

Social and Religious Reformation Movements KSEEB SSLC Class 10 History

Establishment Of Arya Samaj And Reformations, Reforms Led By Prarthana Samaj And Ideas Of Satyashodhak Samaj

The Arya Samaj was started in the year 1875 by Dayanand Saraswati in Kathewad.
Dayanand Saraswati outlined his ideas in a book titled “Satyartha Prakasha”.
He opened the head office of Arya Samaj in Lahore in 1877
‘Shuddhi Movement’ was one of the important programmes of Arya Samaj. ‘Cow Protection Associations’ were started for the protection of cows. After the death of Dayanand
Saraswati, ‘Dayananda Anglo-Vedic College’ was started in 1886 and ‘Gurukula Vidyalaya’ was started in Haridwar. Prarthana Samaj was founded by Dr. Athma Ram Panduranga in
1867 in Bombay with the objective of finding solutions to various problems faced by women and lower caste groups. Justice Mahadeva Govinda Ranade, R. G. Bhandarkar and N.
G. Chandravarkar were the prominent leaders of the Prarthana Samaj. Satyashodhak Samaj was established by Mahatma Jyotiba Phule in 1873 to provide equal rights to non-
Brahmin class and women. In order to build a philosophical base for the movement, Jyotiba Phule wrote books titled “Gulamagiri” and “Shetkarayacha Aasud”. Ambedkar was one of the prominent persons who were inspired by the work of the Phule couple. KNOW THE TERMS Renaissance: A revival of or renewed interest in something.

Social and Religious Reformation Movements SSLC notes High Medium

Authentic: Of undisputed origin and not a copy; genuine. Polygamy: The practice or custom of having more than one wife or husband at the same time. Radical: A person who advocates thorough or complete political or social reform; a member of a political party or part of a party pursuing such aims.

Rehabilitation: The action of restoring something that has been damaged to its former condition. Endeavour: An attempt to achieve a goal.
After the death of Dayanand Saraswati, ‘Dayananda Anglo-Vedic College’ was started in 1886 and ‘Gurukula Vidyalaya’ was started in Haridwar.
Prarthana Samaj was founded by Dr. Athma Ram Panduranga in 1867 in Bombay with the objective of finding solutions to various problems faced by women and lower caste groups.
Justice Mahadeva Govinda Ranade, R. G. Bhandarkar and N. G. Chandravarkar were the prominent leaders of the Prarthana Samaj.
Satyashodhak Samaj was established by Mahatma Jyotiba Phule in 1873 to provide equal rights to non-Brahmin class and women.
In order to build a philosophical base for the movement, Jyotiba Phule wrote books titled “Gulamagiri” and “Shetkarayacha Aasud”.
Ambedkar was one of the prominent persons who were inspired by the work of the Phule couple.

Aligarh Movement; Ramakrishna Mission’s Ideologies

Class 10 History Chapter 5 social religious reformers summary Medium Medium

Mohammedan Liberty Society established in 1863 started debates on various social, religious and political issues.
Sir Syed Ahmad Khan declared that the Quran is the authoritative book and other works on Islam are the derivedones.
He founded the Anglo-Oriental College in Aligarh.
The movement created by Syed Ahmad Khan is called the Aligarh Movement.
Swami Vivekananda founded the Ramakrishna Mission at Belur near Karnataka.
Sri Ramakrishna was the spiritual guru of Swami Vivekananda.
The Westerners were able to understand the cultural richness of India with the help of the speech delivered by
Swami Vivekananda at Chicago city in World Religious Conference in 1893.
Swami Vivekananda wrote books on Jnana Yoga, Raja Yoga, Karma Yoga and Bhakti Yoga.

Theosophical Society; Narayan Guru Dharamaparipala Yogam; Periyar

Theosophical Society was basically founded by Madam Blavatsky and Colonel H. S. Olcott.
This society basically tried to reform the Hindu religion.
The Irish lady Annie Besant arrived in India by 1893 and the movement of the Theosophical Society grew more. Annie Besant was called as “Shwetha Saraswathi”.
Ms. Besant was active in the Indian freedom struggle movement and she became the first woman President of the INC.
Sri Narayana Guru started the Reform Movement in 1903. This movement aimed at strengthening the backward and exploited communities.
One Caste, One Religion and One God for human beings was the basic idea of Sri Narayana Guru.

KSEEB SSLC History Social and Religious Reformation chapter explanation Low Low

Narayana Guru and his companions started ‘Viakom Movement’, a temple entry movement.

By the beginning of the twentieth century, a Non-Brahmin Movement started in south India.
This movement took a new shape under the Justice Party.
E. V. Ramaswamy Naicker started the Self Respect League in 1926.
He was called ‘Periyar’ (Senior Person) out of love by people.
The ideological Non-Brahminical Movement started by Ayonthidas and T. M. Nayar was turned into a cultural