KSEEB Class 10 SSLC History Chapter 4 Opposition to British Rule in Karnataka Notes

KSEEB Class 10 SSLC History Chapter 4 Opposition to British Rule in Karnataka

The 18th century in Indian History is considered as “The century of political problems”.
Many political challenges were created in Mysore state due to the death of Chikkadevaraj Wodeyar in 1704.
Hyder Ali joined Mysore Army as an ordinary soldier and won the hearts of soldiers with his shrewd political moves and became famous as Nawab Hyder Ali.
Hyder Ali weakened the power of Dalawayee with his swift actions and sidelined King Krishnaraja Wodeyar and established the control over the administration.
The British saw Hyder Ali as an impedance for the expansionist ideas so they started devising cunning plans to defeat him.
The First Anglo – Mysore War was started in 1767 and it was fought between Hyder Ali and the alliance of the King of Arcot with the British. The First Anglo – Mysore War ended in 1769 by signing the ‘Madras Treaty’.
The British went against the ‘Madras Treaty’ by capturing Mahe which was a French colony under Hyder Ali and this became the reason for the Second Anglo –
Hyder Ali was defeated and killed in a battle held in Port Novae by the British. The Second Anglo–Mysore War ended in 1784 with the ‘Treaty of Mangalore’.

KSEEB Class 10 SSLC History Chapter 4 notes

Tippu Sultan became the ruler of Mysore after the death of Hyder Ali.
Tippu Sultan tried to drive out the British seriously as he felt that they are the major obstacle for his policy of expansion.
Throughout his 17 years of rule, Tippu Sultan waged war against the British.
Tippu Sultan tried to break the monopoly of the British over the trade with India as he knew that hurting their business interest would weaken their political strength.
British went against the Mangalore Treaty and helped the king of Travancore built a fort in Kochi and captured Aayakota and Kanganoor forts from the Dutch and all this led to the Third Anglo – Mysore War.
Lord Wellesley became the Governor General of India in 1798.
The Fourth Anglo: Mysore War started in 1799 and it was fought between Tippu sultan and the British.
The Fourth Anglo: Mysore War ended with the death of Tippu sultan.

KSEEB Class 10 SSLC History Chapter 4 Opposition To British Rule In Karnataka Notes

After the death of Tippu Sultan many rebellions took place against the British and the rebellion led by Dondiya Wagh is a major rebellion among them.
Dondiya was born in a Maratha family in Chennagiri. He was called Wagh (the tiger) due to his bravery.

Opposition to British Rule in Karnataka SSLC notes

Dondiya built his own Army and fought along with Tippu Sultan but he was imprisoned due to differences with Tippu.

After being released by British, Dondiya organized an Army with the unhappy soldiers of Tippu’s Army and the feudatory rulers who had lost their powers.
Dondiya captured Bidanoor and Shivamogga forts but his attempt to capture Chitradurga fort was unsuccessful.
Lord Wellesley organized an attack on Shivamogga, Honali, Harihara and other places under the control of Dondiya in order to check his rebellion.
When Dondiya left Raichur, he was caught in between the Maratha Army and Nizam’s Army. The British attacked him near Yelaparavi and killed him at Konagal.

Queen Chennamma was the queen of Kittur. She led a rebellion against the law denying the right of adopted children over the throne.
Shivalingarudrasarja took over reign of the Kittur after the death of Mallasarja. Shivalingarudrasarja was the elder son of Queen Chennamma.
Chennamma adopted a boy named Shivalingappa after the death of Shivalingarudrasarja and started ruling Kittur as a queen regent.
Thackeray was the collector and political agent of the British in Dharwad. He sent a report to the Governor of Bombay and attempted to take over the kingdom of Kittur under the Doctrine of Lapse Policy.
This led to a war between Queen Chennamma and the British. Thackeray was shot dead in this war and many British were taken as the prisoners of war.
Under the leadership of Colonel Deak, the British attacked Kittur again. Queen Chennamma was captured in this war and she was imprisoned at Bylahongala Fort. She passed away in the prison.
Sangoli Rayanna was a brave soldier in Chennamma’s Army. He fought with Rani Chennamma and was imprisoned along with her. But later he was released by the British.
Sangoli Rayanna developed a sense of nationalism and went on organizing an army. He aimed at looting Taluk offices and the treasury of the British.
The British shifted Chennamma to Kusugal prison from Bylahongala as they thought that Rayanna was being instigated by her.
The British cunningly captured Rayanna and declared him as an offender and he was hanged till death.

This rebellion was basically a farmers’ rebellion which needs to be understood in the backdrops of political situations prevalent in costal Karnataka and Kodagu regions during 1835-37.
In 1834, the British dethroned the ruler Chikkaveerarajendra of Haleri Dynasty and transferred him to Vellor through Bangalore and later to Kashi.

Class 10 History Chapter 4 Karnataka British opposition summary

Swami Aparampura, Kalyanaswami and Puttabasappa organized a rebellion against the political instability created by the British in Kodagu.

Swami Aparampura was captured in 1834 and shifted to Bangalore. Similarly Kalyanaswami was captured in 1837 and placed in Mysore prison.
Amara Sulya constituted Bellare, Puttur, Sulya and the major places of Canara region.
A farmer named Puttabasappa as Kalyanswami. The same Puttabasappa later presented himself as Swami Aparampura.
Puttabasappa led the rebellion and performed several acts of courage.
The British captured Puttabasappa and he was hanged until death along with his companions.

Surapura is situated at a distance of fifty kilometers from the present day Yadgir. This was an important place since the rule of the Mughals.
Surapura became a vassal state during the reign of Nizam of Hyderabad and Marathas.
Surapura raised a rebellion against the British during the reign of Venkatappa. Venkatappa Nayaka was born in 1834 and came to throne after the death of his father Krishna Nayaka.
Venkatappa’s ascendance to throne was opposed by his father’s brother Peddanayaka. This resulted in internal struggles.
The British appointed Medes Taylor as their political agent and gained proxy power over Surapura in 1853.
Medes developed Surapura in a princely state and appointed Peddanayaka as the Dewan of the state.
The British appointed an officer named Campbell to report the various activities of the King of Surapura as it came in the notice of government that some of the representatives of Nana Saheb were present in Surapura.
Campbell submitted a report that the King is involved in misadministration to the resident of Hyderabad.
The British army captured Surapura in 1858 but there are confusions regarding Venkatappa’s death.

KSEEB SSLC History Opposition to British Rule chapter explanation

The rebellion of Koppal is an important armed rebellion against the British. The region of Koppal was ruled by the Nizam of Hyderabad.
Veerappa was a zamindar who rebelled against the British and occupied Koppal and other forts in the vicinity.
The British captured back the fort of Koppal and Veerappa died fighting the British army.
Hulagali is a small village of Belgaum district and it was a part of the Mudhol principality.
The Bedas rebelled against the British when they were asked to surrender their firearms as the British banned the usage of weapons in 1857.
The British army entered Hulagali in order to suppress the rebellion. All the rebels were hanged till death.