KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 8 Modern Europe

KSEEB Solutions For Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 8 Modern Europe Points To Remember

• The end of the Middle Age and the beginning of the Modern Age have turned out to be two important events in the history of Europe.
• The capture of Constantinople by the Turks and increased trade activities became the reasons for the Renaissance, geographical explorations, religious reformation movement, and industrial revolution.
• The meaning of the word Renaissance is rebirth or reawakening.
• The intellectual renaissance movement started first in Italy. Therefore, Italy can be called the birthplace of the Renaissance.
• The fall of Constantinople in the year 1453 A.D., the end of slavery, the development of the Guttenberg printing machine in Germany and geographical explorations were the important reasons for Renaissance.
• People’s opinions towards the world and man changed. This was called ‘humanism’.
• The works written in English, Italian and German languages by the writers of the Renaissance period became very popular.
• The interest shown by people in great culture and their desire to cultivate it was called “Imitation of the best”.

KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 8

• Petrarch is known as the ‘Father of Renaissance’. He collected about 200 Latin and Greek manuscripts. ‘Africa’ is his famous poem.
• Michaelangelo, Raphael, Leonardo da Vinci, and Titian were important artists.
• Francis Bacon declared that ancient scientific decisions did not represent any professional knowledge.
• Poland’s Copernicus disproved the earth-centric argument of Ptolemy of Greece and showed that the sun was the center of the solar system.
• Newton discovered the laws of Gravitation and said that all heavenly bodies are controlled by this gravitational force.
• Mariner’s compass and astrolabe equipment were helpful to sailors. Charts and maps were available to sailors.
• Bartholomew Diaz reached the southern tip of the African continent and called it the “Cape of Good Hope”

• Christopher Columbus of Genoa city crossed the Atlantic Ocean with the help of the king of Spain and reached the Bahamas in West Indies (Caribbean islands).
• Portuguese sailor Ferdinand Magellan was the first to go around the Cape. After traveling for 5 months, he reached South America in the year 1520.
• Colonialism and imperialism led to hatred between the locals and the foreigners.
• The Popes showed interest in politics instead of reforming the religion, this was condemned by Italy’s Boccaccio, Holland’s Erasmus, and England’s John Wycliffe.
• The church opposed the translation of the Bible which was originally in Greek to other languages. The religious movement started by Martin Luther came to be known as the “Religious Reformation”.
• The followers of Martin Luther were called ‘Protestants’.

• The Catholic Church itself underwent reformation and this came to be known as Counter-Reformation.
• The leader of the Counter-Reformation was the Spanish aristocrat called Ignatius Loyola and He founded the Jesus society in the year.
• “Inquisition”, a religious practice of interrogating those who violated the dictates of the church and punishing them, came into existence from 1542 onwards.
• The changes that took place in the industrial field between 1760 to 1830 are called the Industrial Revolution and it first began in England.
• James Hargreaves invented the weaving machine called the spinning jenny in 1764.
• Richard Arkwright improved this spinning jenny, and in 1769, invented the water frame.
• Cartwright invented the weaving machine called the ‘power loom’ in 1785. Due to this, more cloth could be produced in a very short time.

Class 9 Social Science Modern Europe KSEEB Notes

Textual Questions And Answers

Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

1. Renaissance means Rebirth or reawakening
2. The father of the Renaissance was Petrarch
3. Followers of Martin Luther are Protestants
4. The leader of the Counter, Reformation  movement is Ignatius Loyola
5. Founder of the spinning jenny machine is James Hargreaves

Modern Europe Answer The Following Questions By Discussing them With Your Group.

Question 1. What were the consequences of religious reformation?

Answer: The consequences of religious reformation were

• A humanitarian approach to life gained popularity.
• Scientific knowledge grew about the world.
• Knowledge of the movement of astronomical bodies expanded
• Geographical exploration was possible by using sea routes.
• The industrial revolution became a reality.
• Dogmas were condemned.
• Progressive thinking gained momentum.
• The religious reformation movement was started.

KSEEB Class 9 Social Science Chapter 8 Question and Answers

Question 2. What were the reasons for geographical explorations?
Answer: Reasons for geographical explorations were

• The Turks conquered Constantinople in 1453 A.D.
• Spain and Portugal were ambitious in competing with Arabs in sea trade.
• The Discovery of new countries opened the possibility of spreading Christianity.
• European curiosity was roused by the adventurous nature of sea voyages toward eastern countries.
• Mariner’s compass and astrolabe equipment were helpful to sailors. Charts and maps were available to sailors.
• Europeans believed that China was a fertile place to make a profit.

Question 3. Which are the watercolor paintings of Leonardo da Vinci?
Answer: The water-color paintings of Leonardo da Vinci are

• Last Supper
• Monalisa

Question 4. Explain the development of literature in the period of the Renaissance with an example.
Answer: Italy was the motherland of great writers. France, England, Germany, and Spain too contributed a lot to the literature.

• The theme of literature of this period was worldly matters rather than religion.
• Instead of Latin, many of the regional European languages came to be used in daily life.
  The notable works of this period are
• Petrarch wrote a famous poem called Africa.
• ‘Decameron’ written in Italian by Boccaccio,
• The famous work ‘Divine Comedy’ by Dante,
• ‘Canterbury Tales’ by Chaucer of England,
• Don Quixote by Cervantes of Spain,
• Utopia was written by Thomas More of England
• William Shakespeare wrote numerous tragedies and comedies.

SSLC Class 9 Social Science Chapter 8 Solutions Karnataka Board

Question 5. Describe the effects of the Industrial Revolution.
Answer: The effects of the Industrial Revolution are

• Demand for machines grew.
• Many changes took place in the economic and social fields too.
• New factories were established.
• The cost of production came down and essential products were available at a low price.
• Cottage industries could not compete with the giants.
• The rich became richer and the poor remained poor.
• People had to migrate from villages to towns.
• A capitalist class emerged in society.
• Hostilities developed between the owners and the workers, and class conflict began.

Modern Europe Additional Questions And Answers

Choose the correct alternative and write the complete answer along with its alphabet in the answer sheet provided:

Question 1. The Industrial Revolution had taken place in

1. England
2. America
3. India
4. Russia

Answer: England

Question 2. The birthplace of the Renaissance was

1. Germany
2. Istanbul
3. Italy
4. England

Answer: 3. Italy

Modern Europe Class 9 KSEEB Important Questions

Question 3. Magellan is an unforgettable man of world navigation because he

1. Belonged to Portugal
2. Was the first sailor to go around the world
3. Was blessed by the Queen of England
4. Was sent by Queen Isabella

Answer: 3.  was the first sailor to go around the world

Question 4. The Counter-Reformation was led by

1. Martin Luther
2. John Wycliffe
3. Ignatius Loyola
4. Petrarch

Answer: 3. Ignatius Loyola

Question 5. The father of the Renaissance is

1. Da-Vinci
2. Petrarch
3. Boccaccio
4. Kepler

Answer: 3. Boccaccio

Modern Europe Answer the following questions in a sentence each:

Question 1. What is Renaissance?
Answer: Renaissance means rebirth or reawakening.

Question 2. What is the Religious reformation?
Answer: The religious reformation movement started by Martin Luther is known as the Religious reformation.

Class 9 Social Science Chapter 8 Modern Europe Worksheet

Question 3. Who are Protestants?
Answer: The followers of Martin Luther were called ‘Protestants’.

Question 4. What is meant by Counter-Reformation?
Answer: The Catholic Church itself underwent reformation and this came to be known as Counter-Reformation.

Question 5. Name the leader of Counter-Reformation.
Answer: The leader of the Counter-Reformation was the Spanish aristocrat, called Ignatius Loyola.

KSEEB Class 9 Social Science Modern Europe Summary

Question 6. Which was a society founded by Ignatius Loyola?
Answer: Ignatius Loyola founded the Jesus society.

Question 7. What is meant by the Inquisition?
Answer: “Inquisition”, was a religious practice of interrogating those who violated the dictates of the church and punishing them, came into existence from 1542 onwards.

Question 8. What is meant by the Industrial Revolution?
Answer: The changes that took place in the industrial field between 1760 – 1830 are called the Industrial Revolution and it first began in England.

Modern Europe Answer The Following Questions In 2-4 Sentences Each:

Question 1. What were the effects of the fall of Constantinople?
Answer: The results of the fall of Constantinople were

• The Renaissance
• The Geographical explorations
• The Religious reformation movement
• The Industrial revolution

Question 2. What were the main reasons for Renaissance?
Answer: The main reasons for Renaissance were

• The fall of Constantinople in the year 1453 A.D.,
• End of slavery
• Development of Guttenberg’s printing machine in Germany
• Geographical explorations

Question 3. Explain the development of science in the period of the Renaissance.
Answer:

1. The works written in English, Italian and German languages by the writers of the Renaissance period became very popular.
2. Francis Bacon declared that ancient scientific decisions did not represent any professional knowledge.
3. Poland’s Copernicus disproved the earth-centric argument of Ptolemy of Greece and showed that the sun was the center of the solar system.
4. Newton discovered the laws of Gravitation and said that all heavenly bodies are controlled by this gravitational force.

SSLC Class 9 Social Science Modern Europe Notes PDF

Question 4. Which are the important geographical discoveries of the renaissance period?
Answer: Bartholomew Diaz reached the southern tip of the African continent and called it the Cape of Good Hope.

• Christopher Columbus of Genoa city crossed the Atlantic Ocean with the help of the king of Spain and reached the Bahamas in West Indies (Caribbean islands).
• Portuguese sailor Ferdinand Magellan was the first to go around the Cape. After traveling for 5 months, he reached South America in the year 1520.

Question 5. Why was the Religious reformation started?
Answer: The Popes, instead of reforming the religion, showed interest in politics this was condemned by Italy’s Boccaccio, Holland’s Erasmus, and England’s John Wycliffe.

• The church opposed the translation of the Bible which was originally in Greek to other languages.

Question 6. Why did the Industrial revolution take place in England?
Answer: The important reasons for the Industrial revolution are

• Demand for finished goods rose.
• The traditional processes of production could not meet the demand.
• There was an intellectual awakening and the expectation of profit took root
• Better process of production.
• New methods in the fields of industry
• Changes in the Transport system.

Karnataka State Board Class 9 Social Science Chapter 8 Explanation

Question 7. Mention the new scientific inventions which led to geographical discovery.
Answer: James Hargreaves invented the weaving machine called the spinning jenny in 1764.

• Richard Arkwright improved this spinning jenny, and in 1769, invented the water frame.
• Cartwright invented the weaving machine called the ‘power loom’ in 1785. Due to this, more cloth could be produced in a very short time.

KSEEB Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Karnataka State Syllabus