KSEEB Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 9 Public Facilities

KSEEB Solutions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 9 Public Facilities Textbook Questions

Question 1 Why do you think there are so few cases of private water supply in the world?

Answer. There are very few cases of private water supply in the world. The following reasons are responsible for the same:

1. Water is essential for life and for good health.
2. One of the most important functions of the government is to ensure public facilities. Supply of water is also the responsibility of the government.
3. The government also gets some money for providing water. But government charges are very less in comparison to the private water supply.
4. In the world, where water supply was handed over to private companies, there was a steep rise in the price of water which was not affordable for many.
5.  In Bolivia, there were riots and protests and government was forced to take back the supply of water from private hands.

Question 2 Do you think water in Chennai is available and affordable by all? Discuss.

Answer. In Chennai, there is a big problem of water and it is neither available nor affordable by all. In posh areas like Anna Nagar, there is no shortage of water. But in a majority of the areas, there is a shortage of water and people are facing the scarcity. In Mylapore area, municipal water comes once in two days. Many people purchase water from tankers and spend rupees 500-600 per month. In certain areas, drinking water is supplied once in four days. In Madipabkam area, people buy Bisley Jerry cans. But poor people can’t afford Bisley water. In summer season, the flow of water becomes a trickle. People have to wait long hours for the water tankers.

Kseeb Class 8 Civics Chapter 9 Public Facilities Solutions Pdf

Question 3 How is the sale of water by farmers to water dealers in Chennai affecting the local people? j Do you think local people can object to such exploitation of groundwater? Can the government j do anything in this regard?

Answer In Chennai, private companies are taking water from farmers i.e., from their land. This has affected not only the agriculture but this has also created a shortage of drinking water for the villager,  Moreover, water levels in these areas have gone very down. Local people have a right to make a protest against exploitation of groundwater, To protect the public interest, the government can make rules and regulations to stop the exploitation of groundwater.

Question 4 Why are most of the private hospitals and private schools located in major cities and not in the towns or rural areas? 

Answer In a modem welfare state like India, it is the responsibility of the government to provide education to the people and to protect their health of the people. Besides the government, the private companies are also providing publ c facilities, especially in big cities. Big private hospitals and private schools are opened in major cities and not in the rural areas. For example, Fortis hospitals, Appollo hospitals,  Batra hospitals, etc Delhi Public School, DAV. Public Schools, etc., are located in major cities i.e., Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Chandigarh, Gurgaon, Hyderabad, etc. Private hospitals and schools are located in big cities because people in big cities can afford to pay their fees, etc. Private hospitals and schools are very costly and rural people cannot afford their fees, expenditures,s, etc.

Question 5 Do you think that the distribution of public facilities in our country is adequate and fair? Give an example of your own to explain.

Answer. One of the most important functions of the government is to ensure that public facilities are made available to everyone. But in our country, the distribution of public facilities is neither adequate nor fair. For example, in Haryana, there is a shortage of electricity. Almost eight hours cut is in all the cities of Haryana. But in VIP’s area of each city, there is no such cut. Similar is the case of water. The burden of shortage in water supply falls mostly on the poor.

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Question 6 Take some of the public facilities in your area, such as water, electricity, etc. Is there scope to improve these? What in your opinion should be done? Complete the table. Is it available? How can it be improved?
Answer.
Water Water is available but in scarcity. Drinking water should be supplied in all the areas and wastage should be checked.
Electricity Great shortage and minimum cut Production of electricity should be increased and wastage of electricity should be checked.
Roads Roads are not properly maintained There should be regular repair of roads.
Public Transport Insufficient Public Transport More buses should be introduced on all routes. New buses should be purchased.

Question 7 Are the above public facilities shared equally by all the people in your area? Elaborate.

Answer. In my area, public facilities are shared equally by all the people. There is an adequate and fair supply of public facilities n my area.

Question 8 Data on some of the public facilities are collected as part of the Census. Discuss with your teacher when and how the Census is conducted.

Answer. In 2001, Census data on some of the public facilities were collected. According to 2011 Census, the population of India is more than 121 crores. Census is conducted after every ten years. The Census of India 2001 puts rural household electrification at 44 percent About 68 percent of the households in India have access to drinking water and about 36 percent have access to sanitation.

Question 9 Private educational institutions-schools, colleges, universities, technical, and vocational training institutes are coming up in our country in a big way. On the other hand, educational institutes run by the government are becoming relatively less important. What do you think would be the impact of this? Discuss.

Answer. In the beginning of 21 st century, Private Education Institutions are coming up in India in a big way. Many private universities have been established. On the other hand, educational institutions run by government are becoming less important. The great impact of this trend is that education in private institutions has become very costly and is not within the reach of ordinary citizens. Moreover, students of private institutions feel superior than the students of government schools.

Public Facilities Text Questions

Question 1 You have seen the four situations illustrated above. Based on these, what impression do you get of the water situation in Chennai?

Answer. The water situation is not good in Chennai. Water has to be bought and only the well-off population can afford to do that People working in higher posts have water supplied to them by their approach to higher officials.

Question 2 Pick out the various sources of water for household use from the description alongside.

Answer. Various sources of water are Municipal water, water tanker, borewell, and bottled water.

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Question 3 What, in your view, is similar, and what is different in Subramanian’s and Padma’s experiences?

Answer. Similarities:

1.  They both face water shortages.
2. They get water from tankers.
3.  Both use borewells for water.

 Differences:

1. Padma gets water from the borewell from the common tap for 20 minutes twice daily and Subramanian gets municipal water once in 2 days.
2.  Padma warts for government tankers whereas Subramanian buys water from tankers.
3.  Padma uses tanker water for all uses and Subramaniam buys Bisleri water for drinking.
4.  Padma is a domestic worker and can’t afford to buy water, whereas Subramaniam can afford it

Question 4 Write a paragraph describing the water supply situation in your area.

Answer. In many areas, municipal water is supplied for 2-3 hours a day. People have also installed underground pumps to receive water. People also purify the water before drinking it

Question 5 Why does water flow in a trickle in summer in most places in India? Find out.

Answer. Water flow trickles in summer due to the following reasons:

1. Demand of water increases in summer, as people need more water for drinking and other purposes.
2. Water is also needed for irrigation and for cattle.
3. Water bodies dry up in summer due to increased evaporation.

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Question 6 Discuss: Is there a general shortage of water for everyone in Chennai? Can you think of two reasons why different people get varying amounts of water?

Answer. Chennai is marked with a water shortage. On average, only about 50% of its requirement is fulfilled by the municipal supply. Water is unevenly distributed as:

1.  The areas which are closer to the storage point receive more water than the areas which are far away.
2.  Middle and upper-caste people cope with the shortage of water by various means like buying water or from underground sources, but the poor face the challenges as they can not afford it.

Question 7Discuss: Do you think this would be a right step? What do you think would happen if the government withdraws from the task of supplying water?

Answer.
The shortage of municipal water has been taken as a sign of government failure and there is a demand for privatisation in water supply. This would not be the right step. Throughout the world, water supply is the function of the government and there are very few examples of successful private participation (Porto Alegre Brazil).

If the government withdraws, the poor would be affected. Within our country, there are successful examples of government water supply like that of Mumbai or Hyderabad where water department increased coverage and improved performance in revenue collection. A limited private participation where the government controls the rates may also help improve the supply and distribution.

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Question 8 Discuss the main ideas in the above section. What do you think can be done to improve the water supply?

Answer. This section dealt with a successful example of private water supply in Brazil and not so successful example in Bolivia. It also talked about improved supply in Mumbai and Hyderabad.

Local authorities can take initiatives like water harvesting recharge groundwater, and afforestation to improve the level of groundwater. Leakage can be checked, old rusted pipelines should be replaced, etc. Water treatment plants may be started, and wastage of water to be reduced by creating awareness. Fine may be imposed on the people who are found to be wasting water.

Question 9 Do you think it is also important to conserve resources like water and electricity and to use more public transport?

Answer. Yes, it is important to conserve resources and use public transport.

Question 10 Do you think that ‘lack of access to proper sanitation facilities affects peoples’ lives? How?

Answer. Yes, importable water affects the health of the people. They are prone to many water-borne diseases. Their efficiency is affected due to ill health.

Public Facilities Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1 Explain the term company.

Answer. A company is a form of business set up by people or by the government.

Question 2 Explain the significance of water.

Answer. Water is essential for life and for good health.

Question 3 What are public facilities?

Answer. Public facilities are those facilities which are essential for the survival of human beings.

Question 4 Name the place where public facilities are generally not available.

Answer. Public facilities are generally not available in slum areas.

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Question 5 In India, which localities do not have proper public facilities?

Answer. In India, poor localities and slum areas are under-serviced.

Question 6 What is the major role of the government regarding public facilities?

Answer. One of the major roles of the government is to ensure adequate public facilities for everyone.

Question.7. Find out the various kinds of taxes people pay, to the government by talking to a salaried person, a person running his or her own factory/business, and a shopkeeper. Share your findings in the classroom with your teacher.

Answer. The people pay the following kinds of taxes to the government:

1.  Income tax
2.  Service tax
3. Sales tax
4.  Excise duty

Question 8 Mention four public facilities which are provided by the government.

Answer.

1. Water
2. Electricity
   
3. Transport
   
4. Health care

Question 9 Do you think public facilities are available to everyone equally?

Answer. Public facilities are not available to everyone equally.

Question 10 State the various sources of water for household use.

Answer.

1. Municipal Water
2.  Water tankers
3. Borewell
4.  Water jars

Public Facilities Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1 What are public facilities? Why should the government be responsible for providing public services?

Answer. Public facilities are those facilities which are essential for the survival and development of human beings. Public facilities are our basic needs. Water, food, shelter, education, health, etc., are examples of public facilities. It is the sole responsibility of the government to provide public facilities to every person adequately. If public facilities are handed over to private companies, then these facilities would not be distributed equally. Moreover, these facilities would become very costly and unaffordable for many.

Question 2 Is there a general shortage of water for everyone in Chennai? Can you think of two reasons why different people get varying amounts of water?

Answer. In Chennai, there is a shortage of water but this shortage of water is not for everyone. In Chennai different people get varying amounts of water due to the following reasons:

1. All people are not treated equally. Where senior government officers are living i.e., Anna Nagar, there is no shortage of water. Officers are getting tap water for a major part of the day.
2. In posh areas and developed areas, there is also no shortage of water. In poor colonies and slum areas, there is a huge shortage of water. Even water tankers are not easily available. People have to wait long for hours.

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Question 3 Why does water flow is a trickle in summer in most places of India? Explain.

Answer. Water shortage is not only in Chennai but in other parts of India also. there is a big shortage of water in Hyderabad, Shimla, Mandi, Ambala, etc. In summer, the flow of water becomes a trickle in many parts of India. In summer, consumption of water increases to a great extent, whereas the water go much deeper. Moreover, there is a shortage of electricity in the majority of states of India. Many tubewells fail in summer

Question.4. Why do you think the government must assume the overall responsibility for public facilities even when it gets private companies to do part of the job?

Answer. The government should assume the overall responsibility for public facilities due to following reasons:

1. Private companies provide public facilities at a very high rate.
2. For poor masses, it is very difficult to pay very high prices for public facilities.

Explanation Of Public Facilities In KSEEB Civics 

Public Facilities Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1 State the plans started by the government in order to ensure development in all sectors.

Answer. To ensure development in all sectors, the government has started five-year plans.

1.  1st Five Year Plan (1951-56): Emphasised on agriculture, power, transport, and stability.
2. 2nd Five Year Plan (1956-61): Focused on rapid industrialisation.
3. 3rd Five-Year Plan (1961-66): To make India self-reliant
4. 1966-69 Three Annual PIAns. Emphasised on agriculture.
5. 4th Five Year Plan (1969-74): Emphasised on agricultural growth rate.
6. 5th Five Year Plan (1974-79): Removal of poverty and attainment of self-reliance.
7.  Rolling Plan (1978 80)
8. 6th Five Year Plan (1980-85): Modernisation of technology, increase of national income, and decrease in poverty ratio.
9. 7th Five Year Plan (1985-90): Rapid growth of foodgrain production, increase in employment opportunity, etc.
10. 8th Five-Year Plan (1992-97): Rapid economic growth, high agricultural growth, growth in export and import, etc.
11. 9ch Five Year Plan (1997-2002): Improve quality of life, religious balance, and self-reliance.
12. 10th Five Year Plan (2002-07): Universal access to primary education, reduction in decadal population growth, reduction in gender gap (difference between sex ratio), increase forest cover, etc.
13.  I Ith Five Year Plan (2007-12): Accelerated GDP growth rate, increase literacy rate, reduce Infant Mortality Rate, increase forest and Tree covers by 5 percent.
14.  12th Five-Year Plan (2012-2017): Infrastructure, health, education, enhancing the capacity of growth, environmental management, first employment generation, managing, urbanisation, decentralisation, empowerment, information, and technology.

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Question 2 Elucidate the development brought about in the social sector. ;

Answer. After Independence, India faced many problems such as poverty, healthcare, growth of population, illiteracy, etc. These problems are concerned with the social sector. Due to the pressure of the increasing population growth rate, many of the government-initiated programs fell short of demand. Some of the steps taken by the government in different social sectors, to  build a strong social infrastructure are as follows:

1.  Education: Education plays an important role in development. No society in modem times can progress without the attainment of a proper literacy level. India is facing the problem of illiteracy since independence. The government has taken some serious steps toward increasing the literacy rate among the masses. A law has been enacted to provide free and compulsory education to children up to 14 years. In many states, girls are provided education free of cost, up to the Senior  Secondary Level. Many new, educational institutions, including engineering, management, and medical institutes have been operated by the government to provide higher education.
2. Poverty and Unemployment: Poverty and unemployment were the two major challenges to the social infrastructure. The government has taken sincere efforts to get rid of these problems,  Some of the steps taken in this regard are as follows:
   (a) Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA): It was implemented in 7006, to provide 100 days of assured employment every year to every j rural household. Under this act, if an applicant is not provided employment within 15 days, he will be entitled to a daily unemployment allowance of? 100.
   (b) Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojna (SGRY): It was launched in 2011. This objective is to provide additional wage employment along with food security, the creation of durable social and economic assets, and the development of infrastructure in rural areas.
   (c) Rural Employment Generation Programme (REGP): It was launched in 1995. Its aim is
   to create self-employment opportunities in rural areas and in small towns.
   (d) Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SASY): It was implemented in 1999. It aims at
   bringing the assisted poor families above the poverty line, by organising them into self-help groups through a mix of bank credit and government subsidies.
   (e) Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojna (PMGY): It was launched in 2000, which provides additional central assistance to states for basic services such as primary health, primary; education, rural shelter, rural drinking water, and electrification.
3. Problems of Housing: Most of the poor people in urban areas live in slums, in a pitiable conditions. Likewise, many poor people in the village have no house to live in. To improve their  condition, the Housing and Urban Development Corporation has made a significant stride,
   Another organisation the Integrated Housing, and Slum Development Programme (IHSDP) aims to provide housing facilities for the Door in urban areas. A government-oriented, Indira Aavvas Yojana (IAY) was also implemented, to meet the shortage of houses for the poor in rural areas.

Sslc Class 8 Civics Chapter 9 Workbook Answers

Public Facilities Hots Corner

Question 1 What has been done in the sector of rural development?

Answer. Most of the Indian populace lives in villages. So, the development of rural areas is the prime objective of the government. The Indian villages have charged a lot due to the efforts made by the government, to uplift the rural life and provide them with the basic facilities. With the help of the basic facilities provided by the government the living standard of the people improved a lot In 2005, the Bharat Nirman Plan was implemented in rural areas with the following major objectives:

1.  Provide clean drinking water.
2. Provide basic medical facilities.
3. Link every village to a town/city by well-constructed roads.
4. Provide communication facilities.

Question 2 What do you understand by Infrastructure? What has the government done for the development of infrastructure?

Answer. The term ’infrastructure’ stands for enabling framework a web of networked communication, roads, railways, bridges, ports, and other public works that are collectively required for an industrial economy to function.
Development of Infrastructure:
In a democratic country like India, the government plays a major role in the infrastructural development It is because:

1.  The development of a country and infrastructure building is directly related to the prosperity of the country.
2. ft is the foremost duty of the government to monitor progress and initiate new projects for its socio-economic development.

Public Facilities Miscellaneous Questions

A. Multiple-Choice Questions 

Tick the correct option from the choices provided:

Question 1 Which of the following is a public facility

(a) Roads
(b) Water
(c) Public Transport
(d) All of these

Answer (d) All of these

Question-2. Which of the following is essential for life and good health?

(a) Higher education
(b) Doctors
(c) Water
(d) All of these

(d) All of these

Question3 Who ensures that public facilities are made available to everyone?

(a) Governor
(b) Parliament
(c) Government
(d) State Legislature

Answer. (c) Government

Question 4 The right to life includes:

(a) Right to water
(b) Right to health
(c) Right to education
(d) All of these

Answer. (d) All of these

Kseeb Class 8 Civics Public Facilities Mcqs With Answers

Question 5 Which of the following is a basic need of a human being?

(a) Food
(b) Shelter
(c) Water
(d All of these

Answer. (d) All of these

Question 6 According to 2011 census, the population of India is more than

(a) 121 crores
(b) 105 crores
(c) NO crores
(d) 120 crores

Answer. (a) 121 crores

Question 7 According to 2001 census, how many % of villagers receive electricity?

(a) 70%
(b) 65%
(c) 50% 
(d)9 44%

Answer. (d) 44%

Question 8 In which state, water-supply was handed over to a Private Company?
(a) India
(b) Bolivia
(c) Brazil
(d) Egypt

Answer. (b) Bolivia

Public Facilities Picture Interpretation

Look at the following pictures and answer the questions that follow:

1. What is Being depicted in the above pictures?

Answer. In the following pictures, students are Being shown in a school.

2. What does the Indian Constitution provide to all children of India?

Answer. The Indian Constitution guarantees the Right to Education for all children, between the ages of 6-14 years.

3. What is an important aspect of this right?

Answer. Equity in the schooling facilities available to all children is an important aspect of this right. However, activists and scholars working on education have documented the fact that schooling in India continues to be highly unequal.